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Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION ..............................................................................................................
Basic Themes: Three Public Goods, Six Perspectives .........................................................
An Open Course Book? .......................................................................................................
Structure and Organization ..................................................................................................
ix
x
x
xiii
Chapter One
THE THEORIES BEHIND INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY ........................................ 1
Problem 1-1: Framing .......................................................................................................... 3
James Boyle, The Apple of Forbidden Knowledge .............................................................. 4
Thomas Hazlett, Code Breakers ........................................................................................... 6
Problem 1-2: Justifying and Limiting .................................................................................. 7
John Locke, Of Property, from Two Treatises on Government ............................................ 8
James Boyle, “Why Intellectual Property,” from The Public Domain ................................. 11
John Perry Barlow, Selling Wine Without Bottles: The Economy of
Mind on the Global Net ................................................................................................. 11
International News Service v. The Associated Press, 28 U.S. 215 (1918) ........................... 25
The New York Times, “News Pirating Case in Supreme Court” ........................................... 35
James Boyle, “Thomas Jefferson Writes a Letter,” from The Public Domain ..................... 37
Chapter Two
INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY & THE CONSTITUTION .......................................... 39
U.S. Constitution, Art. I, § 8, cl. 8 ........................................................................................ 39
Introduction .......................................................................................................................... 39
Problem 2-1: Constitutional Interpretation .......................................................................... 40
1.) Limitations on Congressional Power: Originality .......................................................... 40
Trade-Mark Cases, 100 U.S. 82 (1879) ............................................................................... 40
Feist v. Rural Telephone Service, 499 U.S. 340 (1991) ........................................................ 44
(The full edit of the case is on page 301)
2.) Limitations on Congressional Power: Purpose and Novelty/Non-Obviousness ............ 45
Graham v. John Deere Co., 383 U.S. 1 (1966) .................................................................... 45
(The full edit of the case is on page 746)
3.) Limitations on Congressional Power: Fixation & the Interaction between Clauses ....... 45
Problem 2-2: Constitutional Interpretation .......................................................................... 45
U.S. v. Moghadam, 175 F.3d 1269 (11th Cir. 1999) ............................................................. 46
U.S. v. Martignon, 492 F.3d 140 (2d Cir. 2007) ................................................................... 54
4.) Limitations on Congressional Power: Limited Times, Term Extension and
the First Amendment ..................................................................................................... 59
Eldred v. Ashcroft, 537 U.S. 186 (2003) ............................................................................... 59
Golan v. Holder, 132 S.Ct. 873 (2012) ................................................................................ 77
Problem 2-3: Term Limits .................................................................................................... 84
Chapter Three
INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY & THE FIRST AMENDMENT .................................. 85
San Francisco Arts & Athletics v. U.S. Olympic Committee, 483 U.S. 522 (1987) .............. 85
Texas v. Johnson, 491 U.S. 397 (1989) ................................................................................ 95
H.R. 2723: A Copyright in the Flag of the United States ..................................................... 97
Problem 3-1: Intellectual Property and the First Amendment .............................................. 99
Dallas Cowboys Cheerleaders v. Pussycat Cinema, 604 F.2d 200 (2d Cir. 1979) ............... 99