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TABLE OF CONTENTS v<br />

d.) A Two-Part Test for Copyright Infringement .......................................................... 411<br />

Arnstein v. Porter, 154 F.2d 464 (2d Cir. 1946) ............................................................ 411<br />

Dawson v. Hinshaw Music, 905 F.2d 731 (4th Cir. 1990) ............................................. 414<br />

e.) “De minimis” Copying ............................................................................................ 417<br />

Newton v. Diamond, 388 F.3d 1189 (9th Cir. 2004) ...................................................... 418<br />

Chapter Thirteen<br />

LIMITATIONS ON EXCLUSIVE RIGHTS: FAIR USE ............................................... 423<br />

Problem 13-1 ........................................................................................................................ 424<br />

1.) Fair Use, Technology and Contributory Infringement ................................................... 425<br />

Sony Corp. of America v. Universal City Studios, Inc., 464 U.S. 417 (1984) ...................... 425<br />

James Boyle, The Public Domain (excerpt) ......................................................................... 439<br />

2.) Unpublished works, “Scoops” and Political Speech ...................................................... 440<br />

Harper & Row v. Nation Enterprises, 471 U.S. 539 (1985) ................................................. 440<br />

3.) Transformative Use, Parody, Commentary and Burdens of Proof Revisited ................. 448<br />

Campbell v. Acuff-Rose, 510 U.S. 569 (1994) ...................................................................... 448<br />

SunTrust Bank v. Houghton Mifflin Co., 268 F.3d 1257 (11th Cir. 2001) ............................ 459<br />

Problem 13-2 ........................................................................................................................ 464<br />

4.) Fair Use Meets Technology ........................................................................................... 465<br />

Sega Enterprises Ltd. v. Accolade, Inc., 977 F.2d 1510 (9th Cir. 1992) ............................... 465<br />

Problem 13-3 ........................................................................................................................ 474<br />

Perfect 10 v. Google, 508 F.3d 1146 (9th Cir. 2007) ............................................................ 475<br />

Authors Guild, Inc. v. Google Inc., 954 F.Supp.2d 282 (S.D.N.Y. 2013) ............................. 481<br />

Note on Transformative Use ................................................................................................ 485<br />

5.) A Fair Use Case-Study: Multiple Copies for Classroom Use ........................................ 486<br />

Princeton University Press v. Michigan Document Services, Inc.,<br />

74 F.3d 1512 (6th Cir. 1996) ......................................................................................... 486<br />

Princeton University Press v. Michigan Document Services, Inc.,<br />

99 F.3d 1381 (6th Cir. 1996 en banc) ............................................................................ 496<br />

Problem 13-4 ........................................................................................................................ 512<br />

Conclusion ........................................................................................................................... 513<br />

Chapter Fourteen<br />

SECONDARY LIABILITY FOR COPYRIGHT INFRINGEMENT &<br />

SAFE HARBORS IN THE DIGITAL AGE .............................................................. 515<br />

Introduction .......................................................................................................................... 515<br />

Sony Corp. of America v. Universal City Studios, Inc., 464 U.S. 417 (1984) ...................... 515<br />

(The full edit of the case is on page 425)<br />

Problem 14-1: The Napster Case ......................................................................................... 515<br />

1.) The Stakes of Contributory Infringement ...................................................................... 517<br />

2.) Contributory and Vicarious Infringement ...................................................................... 519<br />

A & M Records, Inc. v. Napster, Inc., 239 F.3d 1004 (9th Cir. 2001) ................................... 519<br />

3.) Inducement Liability ...................................................................................................... 526<br />

MGM Studios, Inc. v. Grokster, Ltd., 545 U.S. 913 (2005) .................................................. 526<br />

Problem 14-2 ........................................................................................................................ 539<br />

4.) Safe Harbors: Section 512, Direct Infringement and Secondary Liability ..................... 540<br />

U.S. Copyright Office Summary of Title II: Online Copyright Infringement<br />

Liability Limitation ....................................................................................................... 542<br />

Problem 14-3 ........................................................................................................................ 545<br />

Viacom International, Inc. v. YouTube, Inc., 676 F. 3d 19 (2d Cir. 2012) ............................ 546<br />

Chapter Fifteen<br />

ANTI-CIRCUMVENTION: A NEW STATUTORY SCHEME ..................................... 557<br />

Introduction .......................................................................................................................... 558

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