JP 3-16, Multinational Operations - Defense Technical Information ...

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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY COMMANDER’S OVERVIEW • Presents Fundamentals of Multinational Operations • Identifies Command and Coordination Relationships • Describes Planning and Execution Considerations Fundamentals of Multinational Operations Multinational Operations Overview Strategic Context Nature of Multinational Operations Security Cooperation Multinational operations are operations conducted by forces of two or more nations, usually undertaken within the structure of a coalition or alliance. Other possible arrangements include supervision by an intergovernmental organization (IGO) such as the United Nations (UN), the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), or the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe. Two primary forms of multinational partnership that the joint force commander (JFC) will encounter are an alliance or a coalition. An alliance is the relationship that results from a formal agreement between two or more nations for broad, long-term objectives that further the common interests of the members. A coalition is an arrangement between two or more nations for common action. Nations form partnerships in both regional and worldwide patterns as they seek opportunities to promote their mutual national interests, ensure mutual security against real and perceived threats, conduct foreign humanitarian assistance and disaster relief operations, and engage in peace operations. US commanders should expect to conduct military operations as part of a multinational force (MNF). While the tenets [of multinational operations] cannot guarantee success, ignoring them may lead to mission failure due to a lack of unity of effort. The tenets are respect, rapport, knowledge of partners, patience, mission focus, and trust and confidence. Security cooperation (SC) involves all Department of Defense (DOD) interactions with foreign defense establishments to build defense relationships that promote specific US security interests, develop allied and friendly military capabilities for self-defense and multinational ix
Executive Summary operations, and provide US forces with peacetime and contingency access to a host nation (HN). Geographic combatant commanders (GCCs) shape their areas of responsibility through SC activities by continually employing military forces to complement and reinforce other instruments of national power. Examples of SC include the National Guard’s State Partnership Program, foreign internal defense, and security force assistance. Rationalization, Standardization, and Interoperability International rationalization, standardization, and interoperability with friendly nations is important for achieving practical cooperation; efficient use of research, development, procurement, support, and production resources; and effective multinational capability without sacrificing US capabilities. Rationalization refers to any action that increases the effectiveness of MNFs through more efficient or effective use of defense resources committed to the MNF. The basic purpose of standardization programs is to achieve the closest practical cooperation among multinational partners through the efficient use of resources and the reduction of operational, logistic, communications, technical, and procedural obstacles in multinational military operations. Interoperability greatly enhances multinational operations. Nations whose forces are interoperable across material and nonmaterial capabilities can operate together effectively in numerous ways. Command and Coordination Relationships Command and Control of United States Forces in Multinational Operations National command includes the authority and responsibility for organizing, directing, coordinating, controlling, planning employment of, and protecting military forces. Although nations will often participate in multinational operations, they rarely, if ever, relinquish national command of their forces. As such, forces participating in a multinational operation will always have at least two distinct chains of command: a national chain of command and a multinational chain of command. As Commander in Chief, the President always retains and cannot relinquish national command authority over US forces. Command authority for a multinational force commander (MNFC) is normally negotiated between the participating nations and can vary from nation to nation. In making a decision regarding an appropriate command relationship for a multinational military operation, national leaders should carefully consider such factors as mission, nature of the operational environment (OE), size of the proposed US force, risks involved, anticipated duration, and rules of engagement (ROE). x JP 3-16
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Chapter III UNITED STATES CENTRAL C
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Chapter III guidance to subordinate
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Chapter III common language. The us
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Chapter III governed by Department
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Planning and Execution Consideratio
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APPENDIX A PLANNING CONSIDERATIONS
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Planning Considerations _____ _____
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Planning Considerations _____ _____
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1. Overview APPENDIX B MULTINATIONA
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APPENDIX C MULTINATIONAL INTEROPERA
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Multinational Interoperability Coun
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APPENDIX D REFERENCES The developme
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References k. CJCSI 6711.01B, Excha
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References ggg. JP 6-01, Joint Elec
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APPENDIX E ADMINISTRATIVE INSTRUCTI
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GLOSSARY PART I—ABBREVIATIONS AND
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Glossary MNFMCC MNFSOCC MNTF MOA MO
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PART II—TERMS AND DEFINITIONS civ
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JOINT DOCTRINE PUBLICATIONS HIERARC
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