JP 3-16, Multinational Operations - Defense Technical Information ...

Planning and Execution Considerations
and meet the demands of geography, individual national needs, language, and
communication difficulties. Common health services challenges in multinational operations
are shown in Figure III-9.
For further information on health services and theater PM, refer to JP 4-02, Health
Services.
28. Noncombatant Evacuation Operations
a. A NEO is conducted to relocate designated noncombatants threatened in a foreign
country to a place of safety. NEOs are principally conducted by US forces to evacuate US
citizens, but they may be expanded to include citizens from the HN as well as citizens from
other countries.
b. NEOs are often characterized by uncertainty. They may be directed without warning
because of sudden changes in a country’s government, reoriented diplomatic or military
relations with the US, a sudden hostile threat to US citizens from elements within or external
to a foreign country, or in response to a natural disaster.
c. NEO methods and timing are significantly influenced by diplomatic considerations.
Under ideal circumstances there may be little or no opposition; however, commanders
should anticipate opposition and plan the operation like any combat operation.
d. NEOs are similar to a raid in that the operation involves swift insertion of a force,
temporary occupation of physical objectives, and ends with a planned withdrawal. It differs
from a raid in that force used normally is limited to that required to protect the evacuees and
the evacuation force. Forces penetrating foreign territory to conduct a NEO should be kept
to the minimum consistent with mission accomplishment and the security of the force and
the extraction and protection of evacuees.
e. In planning for a NEO, the chief of mission, GCC, and JFC may consider the
possibility of operating with MNFs. However, the approval for US participation in a
multinational NEO will come only from the US President. Normally, due to the urgency of
Health Services Challenges in Multinational Operations
• Difference in doctrine
• Differing stockage levels
• Logistics mobility
• Interoperability concerns
• Competition between participants for common support
• Resource limitations
Figure III-9. Health Services Challenges in Multinational Operations
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