JP 3-16, Multinational Operations - Defense Technical Information ...

Chapter III
“Fewer than 30 reporters accompanied the entire invasion force to Normandy,
France, on 6 June 1944. In contrast, more than 500 journalists appeared within
hours to cover combat operations in Grenada in 1983 and Panama in 1989. At the
beginning of Operation DESERT STORM in 1991, more than 1,600 news media
and support personnel were present, and some 1,500 reported on hurricane relief
operations in Florida in 1992. Reporters provided live television and radio
coverage of the night amphibious landing that marked the beginning of Operation
RESTORE HOPE in Somalia in 1992 and the end of the United Nations operation
during Operation UNITED SHIELD in 1995. More than 1,700 media
representatives covered the initial phases of peacekeeping operations in the
American sector of Bosnia in 1996.”
structure, these centers are established to serve as the focal point for the interface between
the military and the media during operations.
(4) Responsibilities for establishing media ground rules and credentialing media are
developed and implemented through appropriate multinational command and staff channels.
Media outlets owned entirely or in part by governments or citizens of rival states might not
receive the same considerations as those working for outlets owned by governments or
citizens of friendly nations. Additionally, noncredentialed journalists may not be given the
same access to a combat zone as those who have credentials. They should be encouraged to
register at the appropriate information center.
(5) Credentialing is not intended to be a control measure or means to restrict certain
media outlets from access. It is primarily a method of validating individuals as journalists
and providing them with information that enhances their ability to report on activities within
the OA. Additionally, media must be credentialed to ensure that they have official status
under the Geneva Conventions in the event of capture. Others covering military operations
without such credentials should be encouraged to register at the appropriate facility.
For US-specific doctrine, see JP 3-61, Public Affairs, for additional details. For NATOspecific
doctrine, see AJP-3.10, Allied Joint Doctrine for Information Operations.
22. Multinational Logistics
Major Barry Veneble, US Army, Military Review, January-February 2002
a. Successful multinational logistic operations are governed by several unique
principles. First, multinational logistic operations are a collective responsibility of
participating nations and the MNFC, although nations are inherently responsible for
supporting their forces. Nations are highly reluctant to give MNFCs complete authority for
logistics. Nevertheless, a second principle is that MNFCs should be given sufficient
authority over logistic resources to ensure that the force is supported in the most efficient and
effective manner. Third, cooperation and coordination are necessary among participating
nations and forces, which should make use of multinational logistic support arrangements in
order to reduce the logistic footprint in the OA. Finally, synergy results from the use of
multinational integrated logistic support; to ensure this, the MNFC must have visibility of the
logistic activity during the operation.
III-40 JP 3-16