JP 3-16, Multinational Operations - Defense Technical Information ...

Chapter III
the situation and severe time constraints, a NEO will not be executed by a multinational
command; rather, a parallel command structure of individual JTFs executing under national
command is used. Under such situations, an MNCC, established by one of the JTFs in
support of all JTFs, is an option for multinational coordination of operations. Under an
emergency situation involving the safety of human life or the protection of property, offers
of voluntary service from other countries may be accepted prior to Presidential approval.
f. Multinational evacuations involve multiple nation diplomatic initiatives—with MNFs
conducting a NEO in a supporting role. A political decision from each of the participating
nations is required to conduct a NEO with an MNF. Should the political powers decide on a
requirement for a multinational NEO, an initiating directive should be issued to enable
detailed operational planning to commence.
For additional guidance on NEOs, refer to JP 3-68, Noncombatant Evacuation Operations.
Specific guidance on conducting NEOs within NATO is provided in AJP-3.4.2, Allied Joint
Doctrine for Noncombatant Evacuation Operations.
29. Personnel Support
Military operations now include peacekeeping, humanitarian assistance, and other
actions that involve managing complex crises and contingency operations. To accomplish
these missions, the Services must be prepared to operate in a multinational environment.
Personnel support for multinational operations remains a national responsibility; however,
CCDRs and subordinate JFCs operating as part of an MNF should establish a SOFA,
memorandum of agreement (MOA), and/or MOU regarding personnel support between
members of any alliance and/or coalition prior to the onset of operations that clearly define
JFC command authority (OPCON, TACON, etc.) over MNF personnel, command
relationships, and reporting channels.
For additional guidance on personnel support to joint operations, refer to JP 1-0, Joint
Personnel Support.
30. Meteorology and Oceanography
The effective understanding of meteorology and oceanography and the application of
that knowledge during mission execution significantly contributes to all successful
multinational operations. The state of the atmosphere and oceans is a force multiplier or
detractor, depending on the mission. Successful commanders use the environment to their
advantage. In multinational operations, early planning is critical. As with all multinational
operations, differences in language, techniques, data formats, and communications must be
overcome prior to any operation. The MNFC should designate a senior meteorological and
oceanographic (METOC) officer to coordinate METOC support to facilitate coordination of
METOC forces. All forces should operate from a common METOC forecast. The senior
METOC officer should also consider using and disseminating multinational METOC data
when available.
See JP 3-59, Meteorological and Oceanographic Operations, for additional details.
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