1oz61wa

Voluntary Action
80. See “What is a Copyright Alert?” (2013) (available at http://www.copyrightinformation.org/thecopyright-alert-system/what-is-a-copyright-alert/).
81. Although RIAA and MPAA are well-known acronyms, IFTA and A2IM are not so well-known; IFTA
stands for the Independent Film and Television Alliance, and A2IM stands for the American Association of
Independent Music. See Daniel Bean, “Entertainment and Internet Providers Launch Copyright Alert System,”
ABC News (Feb. 27, 2013) (available at http://abcnews.go.com/blogs/technology/2013/02/entertainment-andinternet-providers-launch-copyright-alert-system/).
82. See Copyright Alert System Memorandum of Understanding (July 6, 2011) (available at http://
www.copyrightinformation.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/02/Memorandum-of-Understanding.pdf).
83. The Copyright Alert System gives the ISP providers a range of acceptable mitigation measures (e.g.
temporary reduction in Internet speed, temporary restriction of internet access, etc.) and flexibility in selecting
mitigation measures, and early reports indicate difference in which mitigation measures will be deployed by the
various ISPs. See Eriq Gardner, “Internet Providers Launch Copyright Alert System,” The Hollywood Reporter
(Feb. 25, 2013) (available at http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/thr-esq/internet-providers-launch-copyrightalert-424231).
The Copyright Alert System does not require ISPs to terminate subscribers’ accounts under any
circumstances, but does not prohibit them from doing so.
84. Kevin Roose, “The Internet’s ‘Six Strikes’ Rule Is About to Clamp Down on Your Illegal Downloads,”
New York Magazine (Feb. 7, 2013) (available at http://nymag.com/daily/intelligencer/2013/02/explaining-theinternets-six-strikes-rule.html).
85. The concept of Internet intermediaries is discussed and defined in more detail in the Civil Remedies
section of this White Paper.
86. Kristina Montanaro, Executive Summary, “IACC Payment Processor Portal Program: First Year
Statistical Review,” International AntiCounterfeiting Coalition at 2 (Oct. 2012) (available at http://www.gacg.org/
Content/Upload/MemberNewsDocs/October%202012%20Report%20to%20IPEC%20-%20FINAL.pdf).
87. Press Release, “IACC has New Tools to Cut Off Money to Bad Sites,” International AntiCounterfeiting
Coalition (undated) (available at https://iacc.org/news-media-resources/press-releases/iacc-has-new-tools-to-cutoff-money-to-bad-sites.php).
88. IACC, “Payment Processor Initiative & Portal Program” (undated, initiative launched January 2012)
(available at http://c.ymcdn.com/sites/members.iacc.org/resource/resmgr/IACC_PaymentProcessorInitiat.pdf).
89. See Future of Music Coalition, “Payment Processor Best Practices for Online Copyright Infringement:
What it Means for Musicians” (Oct. 24, 2011) (available at http://futureofmusic.org/article/article/paymentprocessor-best-practices-online-copyright-infringement).
90. Kristina Montanaro, Executive Summary, “IACC Payment Processor Portal Program: First Year
Statistical Review,” International AntiCounterfeiting Coalition at 2 (Oct. 2012) (available at http://www.gacg.org/
Content/Upload/MemberNewsDocs/October%202012%20Report%20to%20IPEC%20-%20FINAL.pdf).
91. See Testimony of Denise Yee (Senior Trademark Counsel, Visa Inc.) before U.S. Senate, Committee on
the Judiciary (Hr’g Feb. 16, 2011) (available at http://www.judiciary.senate.gov/pdf/11-2-
16%20Yee%20Testimony.pdf); Testimony of Maria A. Pallante (Acting Register of Copyrights, U.S. Copyright
Office) before U.S. House of Representatives, Committee on the Judiciary, Subcommittee on Intellectual
Property, Competition and the Internet (Hr’g Mar. 14, 2011) (available at http://www.copyright.gov/docs/
regstat031411.html); International Trademark Association “Best Practices for Addressing the Sale of Counterfeits
on the Internet” (Sept. 2009) (available at http://www.inta.org/Advocacy/Documents/
INTA%20Best%20Practices%20for%20Addressing%20the%20Sale%20of%20Counterfeits%20on%20the%20Internet.pdf)
(American Express, MasterCard, Visa, Discover, and PayPal as participating PSPs).
92. Testimony of Denise Yee at 2.
93. U.S.A. v. Kim DotCom, Megaupload Ltd, et al., Crim. No. 1:12CR3, Indictment (E.D. Va. filed under
seal on Jan. 5, 2012) (available at http://thenextweb.com/insider/2012/01/20/heres-the-full-72-page-megauploaddoj-indictment/).
94. Jon Taplan, “Advertising Transparency Report,” U. So. Cal. Annenberg Innovation Lab (Feb. 13, 2013)
(available at http://www.annenberglab.com/viewresearch/45); Dawn C. Chmielewski, “Report Links Google,
Yahoo to Pirate Sites,” The Los Angeles Times (Jan. 2, 2013) (available at http://articles.latimes.com/2013/jan/02/
entertainment/la-et-ct-piracy-ads-20130102).
95. Terence Kawaja, Display LumaScape, LUMA Partners LLC (undated) (available at http://
www.lumapartners.com/lumascapes/display-ad-tech-lumascape/).
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