UN Analysis Final.pdf - United Nations in Cambodia

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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The United Nations Country Team (UNCT) would like to thank the interagency working group of UN agencies who maintained oversight of this analysis. In this context, the contribution and support of the United Nations Youth Focal Point network and the United Nations Youth Advisory Panel throughout the research process is acknowledged. This report is a positive example of the important role young people play in dialogue and analysis of Cambodia’s development priorities. The UNCT would particularly like to thank the Cambodian Development Research Institute (CDRI) for undertaking this valuable research and for the dedication shown by its staff, especially Dr Rebecca F. Catalla (Research Adviser) and Mr Kem Sothorn (Research Associate). Our gratitude goes to the civil society organizations that assisted in arranging the focus group discussions with young people and their parents in the study provinces. In addition we would like to express gratitude to the representatives of the Royal Government of Cambodia for their input to the analysis and recommendations of the report. Last but not least, this analysis of youth was only made possible through the generous participation of young Cambodian women and men, and their mothers and fathers. We thank all the participants for their valuable contributions. Disclaimer: This report constitutes a compilation of existing data and new research and does not reflect the official position or policies of the United Nations system. iv Situation Analysis of Youth in Cambodia
CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 CHAPTER 1 – INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 1.1 Background and Rationale of the Study . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 1.2 Defining the Concept of Youth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 1.3 Objectives of the Study . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 1.4 Methodology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 1.5 Limitations of the Study . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 CHAPTER 2 – YOUTH DATA AND TRENDS AT A GLANCE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 2.1 A Profile of Cambodia’s Youth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 2.2 Trends in Key Areas Affecting Youth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 CHAPTER 3 – MAPPING CURRENT DONOR-SUPPORTED AND GOVERNMENTAL YOUTH PROGRAMMES . . 23 3.1 International Covenants and Conventions on Youth and Young Children . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 3.2 National Legal Frameworks in Support of Cambodian Youth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 3.3 Policy and Programming Implications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 CHAPTER 4 – YOUTH AND EDUCATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39 4.1 Youth Education-related Policies and Support Programmes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39 4.2 Current Situation of Youth and Education: Challenges and Perceptions from Young People . . . . . 42 4.3 Health and Civic Education Programmes for Youth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50 4.4 Policy and Programming Implications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51 CHAPTER 5 – YOUTH AND EMPLOYMENT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53 5.1 A Review of Youth-Related Employment Policies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53 5.2 Statistical Profile of Youth and Employment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 5.3 Youth Health and Employment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59 5.4 Prospects for Youth Employability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60 Situation Analysis of Youth in Cambodia v
Page 1 and 2: SITUATION ANALYSIS OF YOUTH IN CAMB
Page 3: FOREWORD The Kingdom of Cambodia is
Page 7 and 8: APPENDICES & ANNEXES APPENDIX A- CH
Page 9 and 10: ACRONYMS & ABBREVIATIONS ACLEDA ADB
Page 11 and 12: NIS NOVCTF NPDC NSDP NSSF NYP ODA O
Page 13 and 14: EXECUTIVE SUMMARY With young people
Page 15 and 16: EMPLOYMENT The single most importan
Page 17 and 18: The production, sale and use of dru
Page 19 and 20: I INTRODUCTION 1.1 BACKGROUND AND R
Page 21 and 22: 1.4 METHODOLOGY The present youth s
Page 23 and 24: Focus Group Discussions: The key th
Page 25 and 26: Table 1-2 Activity/sample summary I
Page 27 and 28: II YOUTH DATA AND TRENDS AT A GLANC
Page 29 and 30: Cambodia’s male and female 15-24
Page 31 and 32: Few youth go on to university educa
Page 33 and 34: feelings of isolation that result f
Page 35 and 36: III MAPPING DONOR-SUPPORTED AND GOV
Page 37 and 38: Cambodia also has a national policy
Page 39 and 40: (vii) ensure regular and adequate f
Page 41 and 42: links up with NGO efforts in commun
Page 43 and 44: 3.2.2 DONOR-ASSISTED PROGRAMMES Pro
Page 45 and 46: HIV and AIDS sector (6 projects) 1
Page 47 and 48: FIGURE 3-1. CONCENTRATION INDEX MAP
Page 49 and 50: The national mapping activity of NG
Page 51 and 52: IV YOUTH AND EDUCATION “MY PARENT
Page 53 and 54: Approximately 14 major internationa
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There are an estimated 7.6 primary
Page 57 and 58:
4.2.2 YOUTH AND EDUCATION ATTENDANC
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they migrate for work. Many youths
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Limitations in human capital are fu
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4.3.2 YOUTH AND CIVIC EDUCATION 23
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V YOUTH AND EMPLOYMENT NO MATTER HO
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Table 5-1. Labour market programmes
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YOUTH WORKING HOURS Based on the 20
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Table 5-10. Youth unemployment rate
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However, despite the prominence of
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MAFF sees that increasing productio
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VI YOUTH AND HEALTH Growing up in a
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6.2.1 SEXUAL AND REPRODUCTIVE HEALT
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of modern methods (CDHS 2005). Thos
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However, the MoEYS 2004 Youth Risk
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FIGURE 6-4. PERCENTAGE OF YOUTHS WH
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FGD findings for this study showed
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A comprehensive set of policies and
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VII YOUTH AND VULNERABILITY Changes
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work, [Article 177(4) and Article 1
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Young couples entering marriage, es
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7.2.3 YOUTH VULNERABILITY AND THE C
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Cambodians aged 15-25 make up a dis
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VIII YOUTH PARTICIPATION AND RIGHTS
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25 give part or all of their time t
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This study found that youth concept
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The key implications of the finding
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IX CONCLUSIONS & RECOMMENDATIONS An
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Program Mobilize resources for the
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X REFERENCES CHAPTER 1 - INTRODUCTI
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International Labour Organisation (
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USAID. 2002. Approach to Civic Educ
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Lour Ramin. 2008. Report on the Dru
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World Health Organization and Minis
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National Institute of Statistics (N
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REPORT APPENDICES AND ANNEXES APPEN
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CAMBODIAN YOUTH PROFILE I- GENERAL
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• Youth wealth index quintile Wea
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2.6. Youth unemployment by sex and
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Gross & Net Enrolment Rate, by area
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Age 15-19 69.8 91 80.2 64 15-17 * 2
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4.9. Percentage of Youth Who Experi
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4.17. Youth Maternal Mortality Rati
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ANNEX 1- 1 YOUTH SITUATION ANALYSIS
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Why go to school - how is relevant
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Special efforts will be made to mee
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For the final concluding exercise,
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Keeping the discussion moving: Occa
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The village site report should be p
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ANNEX 1- 3 YOUTH SITUATION ANALYSIS
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V- Education and Training Detail In
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IX- Gender roles and disparities De
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12.21 12.22 12.23 12.24 12.25 12.26
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Agency Policy/ legislation Research
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Page 165 and 166:
Page 167 and 168:
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ANNEX 3- 2 DONOR INVOLVEMENT IN THE
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ANNEX 3-3 MAPPING OF CURRENT NGO PR
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Province Sexual and Reproductive he
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Health Education Province Sexual an
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4. Kampong Chhnang 1. CAEMIC 2. FID
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14. Prey Veng 1. YS 2. CVS 3. Every
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ANNEX 3-4 MAPPING OF CURRENT NGO PR
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2 Battambang 13 5 3 7 6 2 6 2 5 2 4
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Province Youth Programme (Frequency
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ANNEX 3- 6 CONCENTRATION INDEX MAP
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ANNEX 3- 7 CONCENTRATION INDEX MAP
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ANNEX 4-2 EDUCATION SECTOR: KEY GOA
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ANNEX 4-5 AGE SPECIFIC ENROLMENT RA
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ANNEX 5-1 YOUTH LABOUR FORCE, BY GE
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ANNEX 5-6 EMPLOYED POPULATION (10 Y
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ANNEX 5-8 PERCENTAGE OF EMPLOYED PO
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7. Cambodian Children Development (
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18. Child Protection Group-Sihanouk
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27. Children and Youth Group in Keo
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39. Development Children Club in Pr
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49. Khmer Youth and Social Developm
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62. Peace Group (PG) Enforces the r
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74. Women Development Association (
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REPORT APPENDICES AND ANNEXES APPEN
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11. CARE International-Cambodia 200
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38. Ly Solim et al 1997 Young Peopl
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64. Tarr, Chou Meng and Peter Aggle
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B- General Studies Discussing the Y
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27. Family Health International n.d
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56. MoEYS 2003 Revised Education Se
Page 229 and 230:
88. National Center for HIV/AIDS 20
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120. UNDP and ILO 2007 Asian Experi
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List of Photo Credits: PAGE: NUMBER
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The United Nations in Cambodia Offi
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