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FEEDING MARINE ALGAE TO DAIRY COWS DURING TRANSITION ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The authors thank J.P. Balis, K. Devriendt, B. Theeuwes and C. Melis for their excellent technical support. Bruno Vlaeminck is a postdoctoral fellow of the Fund for Scientific Research-Flanders (Belgium). This research was funded by the Institute for the Promotion of Innovation by Science and Technology in Flanders (Grant n° 050683). 153
CHAPTER 5.1 REFERENCES Abu-Ghazaleh, A. A., D. J. Schingoethe, A. R. Hippen, and K. F. Kalscheur. 2004. Conjugated linoleic acid increases in milk when cows fed fish meal and extruded soybeans for an extended period of time. J. Dairy Sci. 87:1758-1766. Baumgard, L. H., E. Matitashvili, B. A. Corl, D. A. Dwyer, and D. E. Bauman. 2002. Trans-10, cis-12 conjugated linoleic acid decreases lipogenic rates and expression of genes involved in milk lipid synthesis in dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci. 85:2155-2163. Ballou, M. A., R. C. Gomes, S. O. Juchem, and E. J. DePeters. 2009. Effects of dietary supplemental fish oil during the peripartum period on blood metabolites and hepatic fatty acid compositions and total triacylglycerol concentrations of multiparous Holstein cows. J. Dairy Sci. 92:657-669. Bell, A. W. 1995. Regulation of organic nutrient metabolism during transition form late pregnancy to early lactation. J. Anim. Sci. 73:2804-2819. Boeckaert, C., B. Vlaeminck, J. Dijkstra, A. Issa-Zacharia, T. Van Nespen, W. Van Straalen, and V. Fievez. 2008. Effect of dietary starch or micro algae supplementation on rumen fermentation and milk fatty acid composition of dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci. 91:4714- 4727. Box, G. E. P. and D. R. Cox. 1964. An analysis of transformations. J. Roy. Stat. Soc. Ser. B 26:211-252. Britt, J. H. 1991. Impacts of early postpartum metabolism on follicular development and fertility. Bovine Pr. 24:39-43. Chouinard, P. Y., L. Corneau, D. M. Barbano, L. E. Metzger, and D. E. Bauman. 1999. Conjugated linoleic acids alter milk fatty acid composition and inhibit milk fat secretion in dairy cows. J. Nutr. 129:1579-1584. Christie, W. W. 1982. A simple procedure for rapid transmethylation of glycerolipids and cholesteryl esters. J. Lipid Res. 23:1072-1075. 154
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Health and fertility challenges in
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Health and Fertility Challenges in
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TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF ABBREVIAT
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GENERAL INTRODUCTION Modified from:
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CHAPTER 1 Table 1. List of bioactiv
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Milk production per lactation (kg)
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CHAPTER 1 availability in the diet
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CHAPTER 1 Chagas, L. M., J. J. Bass
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CHAPTER 1 Goff, J. P. and R. L. Hor
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CHAPTER 1 Lucy, M. C. 2008. Functio
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CHAPTER 1 UNPD. 2010. World populat
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THE FABULOUS DESTINY OF FATTY ACIDS
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Intestinal digestibility (%) THE FA
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AIMS
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HEALTH CHALLENGES IN HIGH YIELDING
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LACTATION CURVE ANALYSIS IN METABOL
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CHAPTER 4.1 and interrelationships
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CHAPTER 4.1 GmbH, Unterschleißheim
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CHAPTER 4.1 analysis, all animals w
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Survival distribution function CHAP
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Milk production (kg) CHAPTER 4.1 wa
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CHAPTER 4.1 Complicated twinning (T
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CHAPTER 4.1 Table 5. The effect of
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CHAPTER 4.1 In most studies a posit
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CHAPTER 4.1 reported a positive and
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CHAPTER 4.1 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The au
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CHAPTER 4.1 Detilleux, J. C., Y. T.
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CHAPTER 4.1 Hosmer, D.W., and S. Le
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CHAPTER 4.1 Rajala-Schultz, P. J.,
Page 112: THE FATTY ACID PROFILE OF SUBCUTANE
Page 116 and 117: THE FATTY ACID PROFILE OF SUBCUTANE
Page 124 and 125: Fatty acid (g/100 g FA) Fatty acid
Page 138: THE USE OF DIETARY FATTY ACIDS DURI
Page 142 and 143: FEEDING MARINE ALGAE TO DAIRY COWS
Page 168: FEEDING MARINE ALGAE TO DAIRY COWS
Page 174: FEEDING OMEGA-6 AND OMEGA-3 FATTY A
Page 177 and 178: CHAPTER 5.2 breeding period reduced
Page 179 and 180: CHAPTER 5.2 More specifically, the
Page 181 and 182: CHAPTER 5.2 The Flemish Veterinary
Page 183 and 184: CHAPTER 5.2 of milk and BCS and FA
Page 185 and 186: CHAPTER 5.2 Table 3. Effect of diet
Page 187 and 188: CHAPTER 5.2 Table 4. The effect of
Page 189 and 190: CHAPTER 5.2 Figure 2 (previous page
Page 191 and 192: FAME (g/100g) FAME (g/100g) CHAPTER
Page 193 and 194: CHAPTER 5.2 prepartum period. At th
Page 195 and 196: CHAPTER 5.2 IMPLICATIONS FOR FERTIL
Page 197 and 198: CHAPTER 5.2 REFERENCES AbuGhazaleh,
Page 199 and 200: CHAPTER 5.2 supplementation on syst
Page 201 and 202: CHAPTER 5.2 Lucy, M. C., C. R. Stap
Page 203 and 204: CHAPTER 5.2 Petit, H. V. and C. Ben
Page 205: CHAPTER 5.2 Zachut, M., A. Arieli,
Page 210: MILK FAT SATURATION AND REPRODUCTIV
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MILK FAT SATURATION AND REPRODUCTIV
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Protein content (g/kg) Fat content
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Estimated CRFI MILK FAT SATURATION
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DIMFI (d) CVUFA % MILK FAT SATURATI
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DIMCONC (d) CVUFA (%) MILK FAT SATU
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GENERAL DISCUSSION The scope of the
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GENERAL DISCUSSION (Hogeveen, 2012)
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Milk Production (kg) Milk Productio
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GENERAL DISCUSSION First, researche
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GENERAL DISCUSSION FATTY ACID MOBIL
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Omental Fat Score GENERAL DISCUSSIO
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GENERAL DISCUSSION The main objecti
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GENERAL DISCUSSION Even though some
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GENERAL DISCUSSION Table 2. Overvie
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GENERAL DISCUSSION Figure 4. Fatty
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GENERAL DISCUSSION and 22:6n-3 were
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GENERAL DISCUSSION IMPLICATIONS FOR
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GENERAL DISCUSSION We found a nega
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GENERAL DISCUSSION fatty acid compo
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GENERAL DISCUSSION Castaneda-Gutier
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GENERAL DISCUSSION encapsulated (LE
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GENERAL DISCUSSION Friggens, N. C.,
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GENERAL DISCUSSION linoleic acid on
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GENERAL DISCUSSION Lucy, M. C., C.
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GENERAL DISCUSSION Nikkhah, A., J.
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GENERAL DISCUSSION Rajala, P. J. an
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GENERAL DISCUSSION Stengarde, L., K
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GENERAL DISCUSSION Wathes, D. C., D
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SUMMARY The time span during which
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SUMMARY correlation with PC2 was po
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SUMMARY reflected in CE and PL but
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SAMENVATTING
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SAMENVATTING Management Facilitiy).
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SAMENVATTING totale opbrengst als h
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SAMENVATTING van het OVZ-gehalte va
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CURRICULUM VITAE Miel Hostens werd
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BIBLIOGRAPHY INTERNATIONAL PAPERS D
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BIBLIOGRAPHY NATIONAL PAPERS Cools,
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BIBLIOGRAPHY Hostens, M., L. Peelma
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BIBLIOGRAPHY in early lactating dai
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DANKWOORD Misschien is het niet zo
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DANKWOORD Alle collega’s van de b
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DANKWOORD De medewerkers van Unifor
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DANKWOORD Via een intense samenwerk
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DANKWOORD doe. Ook al komt er af en
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