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FEEDING OMEGA-6 AND OMEGA-3 FATTY ACIDS IN EARLY LACTATION Son, J., R. J. Grant, and L. L. Larson. 1996. Effects of tallow and escape protein on lactational and reproductive performance of dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci. 79:822-830. Staples, C. R., J. M. Burke, and W. W. Thatcher. 1998. Influence of supplemental fats on reproductive tissues and performance of lactating cows. J. Dairy Sci. 81:856-871. Staples, C. R. and W. W. Thatcher. 2005. Effects of fatty acids on reproduction of dairy cows. Pages 229-256 in Recent Advances in Animal Nutrition. P. C. Garnsworthy and J. Wiseman eds. Nottingham University Press. Nottingham, UK:229-256. Stefanov, I., B. Vlaeminck, and V. Fievez. 2010. A novel procedure for routine milk fat extraction based on dichloromethane. J. Food Compos. Anal. 23:852-855. Sturmey, R. G., A. Reis, H. J. Leese, and T. G. McEvoy. 2009. Role of fatty acids in energy provision during oocyte maturation and early embryo development. Reprod. Domest. Anim. 44:50-58. Tamminga, S., W. M. Vanstraalen, A. P. J. Subnel, R. G. M. Meijer, A. Steg, C. J. G. Wever, and M. C. Blok. 1994. The dutch protein evaluation system - the DVE/OEB-system. Livest. Prod. Sci. 40:139-155. Thatcher, W. W., J. E. P. Santos, F. T. Silvestre, I. H. Kim, and C. R. Staples. 2010. Perspective on physiological/endocrine and nutritional factors influencing fertility in post partum dairy cows. Reprod. Domest. Anim. 45:2-14. Thatcher, W., J. E. P. Santos, and C. R. Staples. 2011. Dietary manipulations to improve embryonic survival in cattle. Theriogenology 76:1619-1631. Van Es, A. J. H. 1978. Feed evaluation for ruminants. 1. Systems in use from may 1977 onwards in Netherlands. Livest. Prod. Sci. 5:331-345. Wehrman, M. E., T. H. Welsh, and G. L. Williams. 1991. Diet-induced hyperlipidemia in cattle modifies the intrafollicular cholesterol environment, modulates ovarian follicular dynamics, and hastens the onset of postpartum luteal activity. Biol. Reprod. 45:514-522. 195
CHAPTER 5.2 Zachut, M., A. Arieli, H. Lehrer, L. Livshitz, S. Yakoby, and U. Moallem. 2010a. Effects of increased supplementation of n-3 fatty acids to transition dairy cows on performance and fatty acid profile in plasma, adipose tissue, and milk fat. J. Dairy Sci. 93:5877- 5889. Zachut, M., I. Dekel, H. Lehrer, A. Arieli, A. Arav, L. Livshitz, S. Yakoby, and U. Moallem. 2010b. Effects of dietary fats differing in n-6:n-3 ratio fed to high-yielding dairy cows on fatty acid composition of ovarian compartments, follicular status, and oocyte quality. J. Dairy Sci. 93:529-545. Zachut, M., A. Arieli, and U. Moallem. 2011. Incorporation of dietary n-3 fatty acids into ovarian compartments in dairy cows and the effects on hormonal and behavioral patterns around estrus. Reproduction 141:833-840. Zeron, Y., D. Sklan, and A. Arav. 2002. Effect of polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation on biophysical parameters and chilling sensitivity of ewe oocytes. Mol. Reprod. Devel. 61:271-278. 196
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Health and fertility challenges in
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Health and Fertility Challenges in
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TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF ABBREVIAT
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GENERAL INTRODUCTION Modified from:
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CHAPTER 1 Table 1. List of bioactiv
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Milk production per lactation (kg)
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CHAPTER 1 availability in the diet
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CHAPTER 1 Chagas, L. M., J. J. Bass
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CHAPTER 1 Goff, J. P. and R. L. Hor
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CHAPTER 1 Lucy, M. C. 2008. Functio
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CHAPTER 1 UNPD. 2010. World populat
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THE FABULOUS DESTINY OF FATTY ACIDS
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Intestinal digestibility (%) THE FA
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AIMS
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HEALTH CHALLENGES IN HIGH YIELDING
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LACTATION CURVE ANALYSIS IN METABOL
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CHAPTER 4.1 and interrelationships
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CHAPTER 4.1 GmbH, Unterschleißheim
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CHAPTER 4.1 analysis, all animals w
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Survival distribution function CHAP
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Milk production (kg) CHAPTER 4.1 wa
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CHAPTER 4.1 Complicated twinning (T
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CHAPTER 4.1 Table 5. The effect of
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CHAPTER 4.1 In most studies a posit
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CHAPTER 4.1 reported a positive and
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CHAPTER 4.1 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The au
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CHAPTER 4.1 Detilleux, J. C., Y. T.
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CHAPTER 4.1 Hosmer, D.W., and S. Le
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CHAPTER 4.1 Rajala-Schultz, P. J.,
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THE FATTY ACID PROFILE OF SUBCUTANE
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Fatty acid (g/100 g FA) Fatty acid
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THE USE OF DIETARY FATTY ACIDS DURI
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FEEDING MARINE ALGAE TO DAIRY COWS
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Page 154 and 155: FEEDING MARINE ALGAE TO DAIRY COWS
Page 168: FEEDING MARINE ALGAE TO DAIRY COWS
Page 174: FEEDING OMEGA-6 AND OMEGA-3 FATTY A
Page 177 and 178: CHAPTER 5.2 breeding period reduced
Page 179 and 180: CHAPTER 5.2 More specifically, the
Page 181 and 182: CHAPTER 5.2 The Flemish Veterinary
Page 183 and 184: CHAPTER 5.2 of milk and BCS and FA
Page 185 and 186: CHAPTER 5.2 Table 3. Effect of diet
Page 187 and 188: CHAPTER 5.2 Table 4. The effect of
Page 189 and 190: CHAPTER 5.2 Figure 2 (previous page
Page 191 and 192: FAME (g/100g) FAME (g/100g) CHAPTER
Page 193 and 194: CHAPTER 5.2 prepartum period. At th
Page 195 and 196: CHAPTER 5.2 IMPLICATIONS FOR FERTIL
Page 197 and 198: CHAPTER 5.2 REFERENCES AbuGhazaleh,
Page 199 and 200: CHAPTER 5.2 supplementation on syst
Page 201 and 202: CHAPTER 5.2 Lucy, M. C., C. R. Stap
Page 203: CHAPTER 5.2 Petit, H. V. and C. Ben
Page 210: MILK FAT SATURATION AND REPRODUCTIV
Page 214 and 215: MILK FAT SATURATION AND REPRODUCTIV
Page 218 and 219: Protein content (g/kg) Fat content
Page 220 and 221: Estimated CRFI MILK FAT SATURATION
Page 222 and 223: DIMFI (d) CVUFA % MILK FAT SATURATI
Page 224 and 225: DIMCONC (d) CVUFA (%) MILK FAT SATU
Page 234: MILK FAT SATURATION AND REPRODUCTIV
Page 240 and 241: GENERAL DISCUSSION The scope of the
Page 242 and 243: GENERAL DISCUSSION (Hogeveen, 2012)
Page 244 and 245: Milk Production (kg) Milk Productio
Page 246 and 247: GENERAL DISCUSSION First, researche
Page 248 and 249: GENERAL DISCUSSION FATTY ACID MOBIL
Page 250 and 251: Omental Fat Score GENERAL DISCUSSIO
Page 252 and 253: GENERAL DISCUSSION The main objecti
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GENERAL DISCUSSION Even though some
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GENERAL DISCUSSION Table 2. Overvie
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GENERAL DISCUSSION Figure 4. Fatty
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GENERAL DISCUSSION and 22:6n-3 were
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GENERAL DISCUSSION IMPLICATIONS FOR
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GENERAL DISCUSSION We found a nega
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GENERAL DISCUSSION fatty acid compo
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GENERAL DISCUSSION Castaneda-Gutier
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GENERAL DISCUSSION encapsulated (LE
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GENERAL DISCUSSION Friggens, N. C.,
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GENERAL DISCUSSION linoleic acid on
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GENERAL DISCUSSION Lucy, M. C., C.
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GENERAL DISCUSSION Nikkhah, A., J.
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GENERAL DISCUSSION Rajala, P. J. an
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GENERAL DISCUSSION Stengarde, L., K
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GENERAL DISCUSSION Wathes, D. C., D
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SUMMARY The time span during which
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SUMMARY correlation with PC2 was po
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SUMMARY reflected in CE and PL but
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SAMENVATTING
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SAMENVATTING Management Facilitiy).
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SAMENVATTING totale opbrengst als h
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SAMENVATTING van het OVZ-gehalte va
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CURRICULUM VITAE Miel Hostens werd
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BIBLIOGRAPHY INTERNATIONAL PAPERS D
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BIBLIOGRAPHY NATIONAL PAPERS Cools,
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BIBLIOGRAPHY Hostens, M., L. Peelma
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BIBLIOGRAPHY in early lactating dai
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DANKWOORD Misschien is het niet zo
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DANKWOORD Alle collega’s van de b
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DANKWOORD De medewerkers van Unifor
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DANKWOORD Via een intense samenwerk
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DANKWOORD doe. Ook al komt er af en
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