Ohio subset of Plant Communities of the Midwest ... - NatureServe

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Prairies/Grasslands: Midwestern Thin-soil Tallgrass Prairies Schizachyrium scoparium - Sorghastrum nutans - Clinopodium arkansanum Alkaline Herbaceous Vegetation Little Bluestem - Yellow Indiangrass - Low Calamint Alkaline Herbaceous Vegetation North-central Dry-mesic Limestone - Dolomite Prairie CEGL005179 DESCRIPTION: The vegetation in this community is typically medium dense and dominated by a combination of mid and tall grasses. Schizachyrium scoparium and Sorghastrum nutans are the most abundant grasses. Andropogon gerardii and Hesperostipa spartea (= Stipa spartea) may also be present. Other frequently occurring herbaceous species include Asclepias tuberosa, Carex meadii, Camassia scilloides, Desmanthus illinoensis, Dodecatheon meadia, Echinacea pallida, Eleocharis compressa, Galium boreale, Lithospermum canescens, Dalea purpurea (= Petalostemon purpureus), and Clinopodium arkansanum (= Satureja arkansana). Woody species, such as Cornus foemina and Juniperus virginiana, are sometimes found, especially where fire has not occurred for long periods. Braun (1928a) found Manfreda virginica to be abundant in southern Ohio. Stands of this community are usually found on hillslopes of south to west aspects (Braun 1928a). The soil is typically well-drained, shallow to moderately deep (40-100 cm) and formed over dolomite or limestone (White and Madany 1978, Nelson 1985). The soil is neutral to slightly alkaline (Braun 1928a) and contains numerous stones. Bedrock outcrops are frequently present. COMMENTS: 2, MCS. The concept of this type is based on Illinois' dry-mesic dolomite prairie' and 'mesic dolomite prairie.' White and Madany (1978) note that deep-soil prairie species, such as Baptisia alba var. macrophylla (= Baptisia leucantha), Baptisia bracteata var. leucophaea (= Baptisia leucophaea), Silphium laciniatum, and Silphium terebinthinaceum, are absent from these bedrock-influenced prairies. In Ohio this type may be in Adams County, but see Juniperus virginiana / Schizachyrium scoparium - Silphium terebinthinaceum var. luciae-brauniae - Carex juniperorum - Castilleja coccinea Wooded Herbaceous Vegetation (CEGL004464). CONSERVATION RANK: G2. There are probably fewer than 20 occurrences of this community rangewide. It is reported from Illinois (where it is ranked S2), and it may also occur in Ohio. Currently 3 occurrences, totaling 45 acres, are documented from Illinois. There are probably fewer than 500 acres of this community rangewide. Historical acreage is unknown, but some sites have been destroyed by limestone or dolomite quarry construction, and most sites have been degraded by fire suppression. This community has somewhat restricted environmental requirements. It is reported from two ecoregion subsections in two provinces. DISTRIBUTION: This dry-mesic to mesic alkaline grassland community is found in the northern prairie-forest border region of the midwestern United States, particularly in Illinois and Ohio. USFS ECOREGIONS: 222Kg:CCC, 251Dd:CCC CONSERVATION REGIONS: 36:C STATES: IL OH PROVINCES: MIDWEST HERITAGE SYNONYMY: IL mesic dolomite prairie; dry-mesic dolomite prairie - OH little bluestem prairie OTHER SYNONYMY: Andropogon - Bouteloua Association (Braun 1928a) = USNVC HIERARCHY: SCHIZACHYRIUM SCOPARIUM - SORGHASTRUM NUTANS HERBACEOUS ALLIANCE (V.A.5.N.a) PLANT COMMUNITIES OF THE MIDWEST – 2001. APPENDIX: ASSOCIATION DESCRIPTIONS 591
Prairies/Grasslands: Midwestern Deep Soil Tallgrass Prairies Andropogon gerardii - Calamagrostis canadensis - Pycnanthemum virginianum - Oligoneuron ohioense Herbaceous Vegetation Big Bluestem - Bluejoint - Virginia Mountain-mint - Ohio Goldenrod Herbaceous Vegetation Lakeplain Wet-mesic Prairie CEGL005095 DESCRIPTION: The vegetation of this community is dominated by tallgrass species typically 1-2 m high. Trees and shrubs are very rare. There is very little bare ground. Andropogon gerardii, Carex spp. (Carex bicknellii, Carex buxbaumii, Carex pellita (= Carex lanuginosa)), Panicum virgatum, Schizachyrium scoparium, and Sorghastrum nutans are the most abundant species. Diagnostic species include Andropogon gerardii, Panicum virgatum, Pedicularis lanceolata, Pycnanthemum virginianum, Schizachyrium scoparium, Sorghastrum nutans, Oligoneuron ohioense (= Solidago ohioensis), and Vernonia gigantea ssp. gigantea (= Vernonia altissima). Coreopsis tripteris and Aletris farinosa are also good mesic to wet-mesic indicators (Faber-Langendoen and Maycock 1994, Comer et al. 1995b). This community occurs on level, sandy glacial outwash, sandy glacial lakeplains, and deposits of dune sand in silty/clayey glacial lakeplains. The soils are sands, sandy loams, loams, or silty clays with poor to moderate waterretaining capacity. In extreme southern Ontario the A horizon of the soils averaged 33 cm deep and 10% organic matter (Faber-Langendoen and Maycock 1994). There may be temporary inundations after heavy rains or in the spring, but due to the rapid drainage, moderate drought conditions are common in the summer. Wildfires may have played a role in maintaining these systems in the past (Faber-Langendoen and Maycock 1987, 1994, Comer et al. 1995b). COMMENTS: 2, MCS. Concept of the type is derived in part from the Michigan state classification type - lakeplain wetmesic prairie (Chapman et al 1989). CONSERVATION RANK: G2. There are probably fewer than 100 occurrences rangewide. Thirty-seven have been documented: 6 in Illinois (where the community is ranked S2,S1), 13 in Indiana (S2), 17 in Michigan (S1), and 1 in Ohio (S1). The community is also be found in Wisconsin (S1), where the one and only occurrence is at Chiwaukee Prairie. It is also extensively documented in southwestern Ontario on Walpole Island and at Windsor. It occurs in 8 ecoregional subsections. Sizes of 33 occurrences total 1500 acres. The community has nearly been eliminated in many places, with most sites converted to cropland. Lack of fire may also permit increased dominance by woody species. The community is found on level, sandy glacial outwash and lake plains or on deposits of sand on silty/clayey glacial lake plains. DISTRIBUTION: This grassland community is found near the southern central Great Lakes of the United States and Canada, from southeastern Wisconsin and northeastern Illinois to southern Michigan and southwestern Ontario. USFS ECOREGIONS: 222If:CCC, 222Jb:CCC, 222Jd:CCC, 222Je:CCC, 222Jj:CCC, 222Kg:CCC, 222Ki:CCC, 222Qb:CCC CONSERVATION REGIONS: 48:C STATES: IL IN MI OH WI PROVINCES: ON MIDWEST HERITAGE SYNONYMY: IL wet-mesic sand prairie + IN wet-mesic sand prairie + MI lakeplain wet-mesic prairie = OH big bluestem prairie + WI wet-mesic prairie (lakeplain subtype) = OTHER SYNONYMY: Wet-mesic sandy prairies (Faber-Langendoen and Maycock 1994) F, Wet-mesic sandy loam prairie (Faber-Langendoen and Maycock 1994) F, Lakeplain wet-mesic prairie (Comer et al. 1995b) = USNVC HIERARCHY: ANDROPOGON GERARDII - (CALAMAGROSTIS CANADENSIS, PANICUM VIRGATUM) HERBACEOUS ALLIANCE (V.A.5.N.a) PLANT COMMUNITIES OF THE MIDWEST – 2001. APPENDIX: ASSOCIATION DESCRIPTIONS 595
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PLANT COMMUNITIES OF THE MIDWEST CL
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CONTENTS APPENDIX: PLANT COMMUNITY
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OVERVIEW APPENDIX: PLANT COMMUNITY
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− The USFS (U.S. Forest Service)
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Box 2. State Natural Heritage progr
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INDEX TO ASSOCIATIONS BY ECOLOGICAL
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2.3.4.4. Interior Highlands Shale G
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Acid Peatlands: Northern Shrub/Gram
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Rich Peat Fens: Northeastern Rich F
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Rich Peat Fens: Midwestern Prairie
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Seeps: Midwestern Seepage Meadows S
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Open and Emergent Marshes: Eastern
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* Nonstandard type (needs review) G
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Open and Emergent Marshes: Great La
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Wet Prairies and Wet Meadows: Great
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Wet Prairies and Wet Meadows: Midwe
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Wet Prairies and Wet Meadows: Midwe
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Wooded Swamps and Floodplains: Nort
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Wooded Swamps and Floodplains: Midw
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Page 60 and 61: Wooded Swamps and Floodplains: Appa
Page 62 and 63: Wooded Swamps and Floodplains: Sout
Page 64 and 65: Wooded Swamps and Floodplains: Sout
Page 66 and 67: Shoreline Sand/Mud Strands, Beaches
Page 68 and 69: Sphagnum wulfianum, Sphagnum warnst
Page 70 and 71: Shoreline Sand/Mud Strands, Beaches
Page 72 and 73: Rocky Shores: Great Lakes Alkaline
Page 74 and 75: Rocky Shores: Appalachian Highlands
Page 76 and 77: Rocky Uplands (Glades, Rock Barrens
Page 78 and 79: DISTRIBUTION: This limestone glade
Page 80 and 81: DISTRIBUTION: This graminoid shale
Page 82 and 83: Cliffs, Talus, Buttes and Badlands:
Page 88 and 89: Forests and Woodlands: Midwestern D
Page 90 and 91: Forests and Woodlands: Midwestern D
Page 92 and 93: Forests and Woodlands: Midwestern M
Page 94 and 95: Forests and Woodlands: Appalachian
Page 102 and 103: Forests and Woodlands: Interior Hig
Page 104 and 105: Savannas and Non-Rock Barrens: Midw
Page 106 and 107: Savannas and Non-Rock Barrens: Midw
Page 108 and 109: Prairies/Grasslands: Midwestern San
Page 112 and 113: Prairies/Grasslands: Midwestern Dee
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Ohio subset of Plant Communities of the Midwest ... - NatureServe

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