Ohio subset of Plant Communities of the Midwest ... - NatureServe

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Wooded Swamps and Floodplains: Appalachian Highlands Riverfront and Levee Forests and Shrublands Platanus occidentalis - Acer saccharinum - Juglans nigra - Ulmus rubra Forest Sycamore - Silver Maple - Black Walnut - Slippery Elm Forest Sycamore - Silver Maple Floodplain Forest CEGL007334 DESCRIPTION: Stands are dominated by Platanus occidentalis, with a mixture of other species, including Acer negundo, Acer saccharinum, Fraxinus americana, Fraxinus pennsylvanica, Juglans nigra, Ulmus americana, and Ulmus rubra. Shrubs include Asimina triloba and Lindera benzoin. Vines may be abundant, including Parthenocissus quinquefolia and Toxicodendron radicans. Herbaceous species include Arisaema triphyllum, Asarum canadense, Boehmeria cylindrica, Elymus virginicus, Pilea pumila, Polygonum virginianum, and others (Van Kley et al. 1995, Weakley et al. 1998). This association occurs along riverfronts in calcareous areas, including forests along small streams (Weakley et al. 1998). COMMENTS: 2, SCS. This type could be in Illinois and Missouri. It is not well characterized yet and may be difficult to distinguish from other floodplain forests where Platanus is conspicuous without being dominant. For example, see Acer saccharinum - Ulmus americana - (Populus deltoides) Forest (CEGL002586), Fraxinus pennsylvanica - Celtis spp. - Quercus spp. - Platanus occidentalis Bottomland Forest (CEGL002410), Fraxinus pennsylvanica - Ulmus americana - Celtis laevigata / Ilex decidua Forest (CEGL002427), and Fraxinus pennsylvanica - Ulmus spp. - Celtis occidentalis Forest (CEGL002014). It is possible that CEGL002410 could be merged with this type, depending on level of dominance required for Platanus. CONSERVATION RANK: G4. This type is apparently somewhat restricted in habitat, but with a wide range, and not highly threatened. Timber removal will cause disruption, but permanent conversion to other forest types is less likely. This community, and other types of floodplain forests, are threatened by alteration of the hydroperiod by artificial impoundments or river diversion projects, or the disruption of the floodplain communities by forestry or agriculture. DISTRIBUTION: This sycamore - silver maple floodplain forest occurs along riverfronts in calcareous areas of the east-central United States from Indiana and Kentucky east to West Virginia, Virginia and North Carolina, and possibly Ohio. USFS ECOREGIONS: 221D:CC, 221Ec:CCC, 221Ed:CCP, 221Ef:CCP, 221Eg:CCC, 221Ha:CCC, 221Hb:CCC, 221Hc:CCC, 221He:CCC, 222Cg:CCC, 222De:CCP, 222Eb:CCC, 222Em:CCP, 222En:CCC, 222Eo:CCC, 222Fa:CCC, 222Fb:CCC, 222Fc:CCC, 222Fd:CCC, 222Hb:CCC, 222Hf:CCC, 231A:CC, 232Ad:CCC, M221Cd:CCC CONSERVATION REGIONS: 44:C, 45:C, 49:C, 50:C, 52:, 59:C, 61:C STATES: IN KY MD OH SC TN VA WV PROVINCES: MIDWEST HERITAGE SYNONYMY: IN wet-mesic floodplain forest + OH maple-cottonwood-sycamore floodplain forest OTHER SYNONYMY: IA6e. Southern Appalachian Alluvial Forest (Allard 1990), ELTP 61: Platanus / Asarum, Wetmesic Bottomlands (Van Kley et al. 1995) =, Silver Maple - Sycamore Forest on Base-rich Alluvium (Palmer-Ball et al. 1988) =, Sycamore-green ash floodplain forest (CAP) USNVC HIERARCHY: PLATANUS OCCIDENTALIS - (FRAXINUS PENNSYLVANICA, CELTIS LAEVIGATA, ACER SACCHARINUM) TEMPORARILY FLOODED FOREST ALLIANCE (I.B.2.N.d) PLANT COMMUNITIES OF THE MIDWEST – 2001. APPENDIX: ASSOCIATION DESCRIPTIONS 195
Wooded Swamps and Floodplains: Interior Highlands Small Stream Floodplain / Terrace Forests Fagus grandifolia - Quercus spp. - Acer rubrum - Juglans nigra Forest American Beech - Oak Species - Red Maple - Black Walnut Forest Beech - Mixed Hardwood Floodplain Forest CEGL005014 DESCRIPTION: The closed, deciduous tree canopy has a mixed set of species, with few dominants. Typical constants include Acer saccharum, Carya cordiformis, Celtis occidentalis, Fagus grandifolia, Fraxinus americana, Juglans nigra, Liriodendron tulipifera, Quercus rubra, Tilia americana, Ulmus americana, and Ulmus rubra among the more typical upland species, and Acer negundo, Acer rubrum, Acer saccharinum, Fraxinus pennsylvanica, and Platanus occidentalis among the more typical bottomland species. Perhaps the more dominant include Acer saccharum, Fagus grandifolia, Liriodendron tulipifera, Platanus occidentalis, and Ulmus americana. The tall shrubs, subcanopy trees, and vine species include Carpinus caroliniana, Hamamelis virginiana, Lindera benzoin, Parthenocissus quinquefolia, and Toxicodendron radicans (Anderson 1996). A wide variety of mesic to wet-mesic herbaceous species are found, and Anderson (1996) presents a fairly comprehensive list. This community is found on high terraces of small stream floodplains. Soils are well-drained and at least partially alluvial in origin, flooding only occasionally (Anderson 1996). This community is most common in small, headwater valleys that flood for durations short enough to allow for persistence of mesic species. Downstream, this type can be found where the natural levee development is high enough to allow mesic species to persist. This type may then be surrounded on the river side by wetter floodplain types, and on the other side by backwater swamps (Anderson 1996). COMMENTS: 2, MCS. This type can be difficult to distinguish from upland beech - maple forests or lower terrace floodplain forests. Vegetation will probably need to be linked to physical site characteristics in order to accurately identify the type, including features such as small stream terraces, presence of occasional, though not annual, flooding, and some alluvial material (Anderson 1996). Disturbed sites may often be more dominated by the wetter and more rapidly colonizing floodplain species, such as Acer saccharinum or Populus deltoides (Anderson 1996). A related mesic hardwood floodplain type with dominance of Acer and Carya rather than Fagus is the Acer saccharum - Carya cordiformis / Asimina triloba Floodplain Forest (CEGL005035). Attribution of Ontario to this type may be stretching this type too far north. Ontario crosswalk may better fit with Acer saccharum - Fraxinus spp. - Tilia americana / Osmorhiza claytonii - Caulophyllum thalictroides Forest (CEGL005008). The distribution in central Indiana and western Ohio should be reviewed. CONSERVATION RANK: G2G3. There are probably fewer than 100 occurrences of this community rangewide. Currently 23 occurrences are documented from Indiana (where it is ranked S1) and Ohio (S). It is also reported from Pennsylvania (S), and it may occur in Ontario. There are probably fewer than 1000 acres of this community rangewide. Currently 65 acres are documented from 3 occurrences in Indiana. This community is documented from 12 ecoregion subsections. DISTRIBUTION: This beech - hardwoods floodplain forest community is found in the central United States and adjacent Canada, ranging from Tennessee, Kentucky, Indiana and Ontario, east to Maryland and possibly Pennsylvania. USFS ECOREGIONS: 221Eg:CCC, 221Fa:CCC, 221Ha:CCC, 221Hb:CCC, 222Db:CCC, 222Dc:CCP, 222De:CCC, 222Df:CCP, 222Ei:CCP, 222Ek:CCC, 222El:CCP, 222Em:CCP, 222Fc:CCP, 222Fd:CCP, 222Fe:CCC, 222Ff:CCC, 222Gc:CPP, 222Gd:CPP, 222Ge:CPP, 222Ha:CCC, 222Hb:CCC, 222Hf:CCC, 222If:CCC, 222Jh:CCP, 222Ji:CCC, 222Jj:CCP CONSERVATION REGIONS: 44:C, 45:C, 48:C, 49:C, 50:C STATES: IN KY MD OH PA TN PROVINCES: ON MIDWEST HERITAGE SYNONYMY: IN mesic floodplain forest = OH no state equivalent OTHER SYNONYMY: Mixed Floodplain Forests (Anderson 1996) = USNVC HIERARCHY: FAGUS GRANDIFOLIA TEMPORARILY FLOODED FOREST ALLIANCE (I.B.2.N.d) PLANT COMMUNITIES OF THE MIDWEST – 2001. APPENDIX: ASSOCIATION DESCRIPTIONS 198
Page 1 and 2:
PLANT COMMUNITIES OF THE MIDWEST CL
Page 3 and 4:
CONTENTS APPENDIX: PLANT COMMUNITY
Page 5 and 6:
OVERVIEW APPENDIX: PLANT COMMUNITY
Page 7 and 8:
− The USFS (U.S. Forest Service)
Page 9 and 10: Box 2. State Natural Heritage progr
Page 11 and 12: INDEX TO ASSOCIATIONS BY ECOLOGICAL
Page 13: 2.3.4.4. Interior Highlands Shale G
Page 16 and 17: Acid Peatlands: Northern Shrub/Gram
Page 18 and 19: Rich Peat Fens: Northeastern Rich F
Page 20 and 21: Rich Peat Fens: Midwestern Prairie
Page 22 and 23: Seeps: Midwestern Seepage Meadows S
Page 24 and 25: Open and Emergent Marshes: Eastern
Page 30 and 31: * Nonstandard type (needs review) G
Page 32 and 33: Open and Emergent Marshes: Great La
Page 34 and 35: Wet Prairies and Wet Meadows: Great
Page 36 and 37: Wet Prairies and Wet Meadows: Midwe
Page 38 and 39: Wet Prairies and Wet Meadows: Midwe
Page 40 and 41: Wooded Swamps and Floodplains: Nort
Page 46 and 47: Wooded Swamps and Floodplains: Midw
Page 62 and 63: Wooded Swamps and Floodplains: Sout
Page 64 and 65: Wooded Swamps and Floodplains: Sout
Page 66 and 67: Shoreline Sand/Mud Strands, Beaches
Page 68 and 69: Sphagnum wulfianum, Sphagnum warnst
Page 70 and 71: Shoreline Sand/Mud Strands, Beaches
Page 72 and 73: Rocky Shores: Great Lakes Alkaline
Page 74 and 75: Rocky Shores: Appalachian Highlands
Page 76 and 77: Rocky Uplands (Glades, Rock Barrens
Page 78 and 79: DISTRIBUTION: This limestone glade
Page 80 and 81: DISTRIBUTION: This graminoid shale
Page 82 and 83: Cliffs, Talus, Buttes and Badlands:
Page 88 and 89: Forests and Woodlands: Midwestern D
Page 90 and 91: Forests and Woodlands: Midwestern D
Page 92 and 93: Forests and Woodlands: Midwestern M
Page 94 and 95: Forests and Woodlands: Appalachian
Page 102 and 103: Forests and Woodlands: Interior Hig
Page 104 and 105: Savannas and Non-Rock Barrens: Midw
Page 106 and 107: Savannas and Non-Rock Barrens: Midw
Page 108 and 109: Prairies/Grasslands: Midwestern San
Page 110 and 111:
Prairies/Grasslands: Midwestern Thi
Page 112 and 113:
Prairies/Grasslands: Midwestern Dee
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Ohio subset of Plant Communities of the Midwest ... - NatureServe

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