Ohio subset of Plant Communities of the Midwest ... - NatureServe

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DISTRIBUTION: This limestone glade or barrens community is found in the central and eastern United States, ranging from southern Illinois, Kentucky, Tennessee and Alabama, east to Georgia, western Virginia, West Virginia, and Ohio. USFS ECOREGIONS: 222Aq:CCC, 222De:CCC, 222Df:CCC, 222Dh:CCC, 222Di:CCC, 222Ei:CCC, 222Ek:CCC, 222El:CCC, 222Fc:CCC, 222Fd:CCC, 222Fe:CCC, 251Cf:CCC, 251Ci:CCC CONSERVATION REGIONS: 36:C, 38:C, 43:, 44:C, 49:, 50:C, 59: STATES: AL GA IL IN KY OH TN VA WV PROVINCES: MIDWEST HERITAGE SYNONYMY: IL limestone glade = IN limestone glade = OH little bluestem prairie + OTHER SYNONYMY: Xeric Limestone Prairie (Baskin et al. 1994), Barrens type (Hutchison et al. 1986). is sometimes treated broadly as a barrens type, Barrens type (Hutchison 1994). is sometimes treated broadly as a barrens type USNVC HIERARCHY: (JUNIPERUS VIRGINIANA) / SCHIZACHYRIUM SCOPARIUM - (BOUTELOUA CURTIPENDULA) WOODED HERBACEOUS ALLIANCE (V.A.6.N.q) PLANT COMMUNITIES OF THE MIDWEST – 2001. APPENDIX: ASSOCIATION DESCRIPTIONS 304
Rocky Uplands (Glades, Rock Barrens, Outcrops and Alvars): Interior Highlands Shale Glades and Barrens Quercus marilandica - (Juniperus virginiana) / Schizachyrium scoparium - Danthonia spicata Wooded Herbaceous Vegetation Blackjack Oak - (Eastern Red-cedar) / Little Bluestem - Poverty Oatgrass Wooded Herbaceous Vegetation Central Shale Glade CEGL002428 DESCRIPTION: Trees can be found scattered or in isolated clumps and patches throughout the occurrence, along with a few saplings and shrubs. Quercus marilandica and Quercus stellata are the dominant trees (Quercus prinus is dominant in Indiana examples), and Pinus virginiana or other Quercus spp. may also be found in some examples. Vaccinium arboreum, Rhus aromatica and Ulmus alata are common shrubs. Vaccinium pallidum and Gaylussacia baccata are common in Indiana examples. Ohio stands also contain Cercis canadensis, Amelanchier arborea, Frangula caroliniana (= Rhamnus caroliniana), Rosa carolina, and Vaccinium stamineum. Schizachyrium scoparium and Danthonia spicata dominate the herbaceous layer, along with a diverse assemblage of forbs. Missouri examples, where the shales are fairly 'limey,' contain Astragalus distortus, Dalea purpurea, Porteranthus stipulatus, and Psoralidium tenuiflorum. The herbaceous flora of Indiana Interior Low Plateau examples (Siltstone Glades) includes Agalinis sp., Symphyotrichum patens (= Aster patens), Symphyotrichum shortii (= Aster shortii), Brickellia eupatorioides (= Kuhnia eupatorioides), Cunila origanoides, Dichanthelium depauperatum, Euphorbia corollata, Helianthus sp., Hypericum crux-andreae, Hypericum hypericoides, Liatris squarrosa, Manfreda virginica, Porteranthus stipulatus, Schizachyrium scoparium, and Tephrosia virginiana. Some woody plants recorded at these sites include Pinus virginiana, Quercus prinus, Quercus stellata, Quercus marilandica, and Juniperus virginiana. In Ohio, Carex hirsutella, Agrostis perennans, Allium cernuum, Sericocarpus asteroides (= Aster paternus), Agalinis tenuifolia (= Gerardia tenuifolia), Houstonia canadensis (= Hedyotis canadensis), and Lithospermum canescens, among others, may occur. Some grasses and forbs from the Ouachita Mountain examples include Agrostis elliottiana, Oenothera linifolia, Astragalus distortus, and Ruellia humilis. Lichens and mosses occur in profusion on exposed bedrock surfaces and on soils not covered with organic debris (leaf litter, wood) (White and Madany 1978, Nelson 1985, Homoya 1994, TNC 1995a, D. Minney pers. comm. 2000). In Missouri, this community occurs on moderate to steep slopes of dissected drainages along major streams and mounds, and shales have a strong limestone component, making them less acid. In several square km of Illinois, a series of steep ridges occurs in thick shale outcrops. Shale glades occur there on exposed slopes. The soil of these communities is absent to thin (0-40 cm) and somewhat rapidly to very rapidly drained. The parent material is shale, with siltstone present in Indiana occurrences. Shale fragments and exposed bedrock are common on the surface. In Ohio, sites occur sparingly on estill shales with extreme southwestern exposures (White and Madany 1978, Nelson 1985, Homoya 1994, D. Minney pers. comm. 2000). Rapid weathering and erosion on steep slopes appear to be necessary for shale glades to persist. Fires may have been very occasional (Nelson 1985). COMMENTS: 2, MCS. This community has a restricted distribution and occurrences are small. In Indiana, Quercus prinus is the major dominant. Similar communities occur in West Virginia, and also with Quercus prinus as the primary scattered tree. In the Knobs region of Kentucky this community is threatened by strip mining. Total vegetative cover may sometimes be less than 10%. Shale glades in Missouri are so lime-rich that they may be treated as a variant of limestone glade (M. Leahy pers. comm. 1999). In Ohio, areas of shale that have been plowed have come back as "cedar barrens" but are typically dominated by a variety of annuals (though most of these are present at some level in the natural shale glades as well), and these areas may resemble the more annual grassland type, Sporobolus (vaginiflorus, neglectus, ozarkanus) - Aristida longispica - Panicum flexile - Panicum capillare Herbaceous Vegetation (CEGL004340) described for Tennessee glades. These shale glades may be so depauperate at this time that they could simply be combined with Quercus stellata - Quercus marilandica / Schizachyrium scoparium - Silphium terebinthinaceum Wooded Herbaceous Vegetation (CEGL005134) (D. Minney pers. comm. 2000). CONSERVATION RANK: G2. The shale glade community has a very restricted distribution and occurrences are small. In Kentucky, where it is most abundant, particularly in the Knobs Region, threats are primarily from strip-mining, since oil shales may be strip-mined depending on the market. Sites in Ohio have been disturbed by agriculture through pasturing (but no clearing), severe erosion, or fire suppression. PLANT COMMUNITIES OF THE MIDWEST – 2001. APPENDIX: ASSOCIATION DESCRIPTIONS 310
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PLANT COMMUNITIES OF THE MIDWEST CL
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CONTENTS APPENDIX: PLANT COMMUNITY
Page 5 and 6:
OVERVIEW APPENDIX: PLANT COMMUNITY
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− The USFS (U.S. Forest Service)
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Box 2. State Natural Heritage progr
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INDEX TO ASSOCIATIONS BY ECOLOGICAL
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2.3.4.4. Interior Highlands Shale G
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Acid Peatlands: Northern Shrub/Gram
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Rich Peat Fens: Northeastern Rich F
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Rich Peat Fens: Midwestern Prairie
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Seeps: Midwestern Seepage Meadows S
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Open and Emergent Marshes: Eastern
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Open and Emergent Marshes: Eastern
Page 28 and 29: Open and Emergent Marshes: Eastern
Page 30 and 31: * Nonstandard type (needs review) G
Page 32 and 33: Open and Emergent Marshes: Great La
Page 34 and 35: Wet Prairies and Wet Meadows: Great
Page 36 and 37: Wet Prairies and Wet Meadows: Midwe
Page 38 and 39: Wet Prairies and Wet Meadows: Midwe
Page 40 and 41: Wooded Swamps and Floodplains: Nort
Page 46 and 47: Wooded Swamps and Floodplains: Midw
Page 60 and 61: Wooded Swamps and Floodplains: Appa
Page 62 and 63: Wooded Swamps and Floodplains: Sout
Page 64 and 65: Wooded Swamps and Floodplains: Sout
Page 66 and 67: Shoreline Sand/Mud Strands, Beaches
Page 68 and 69: Sphagnum wulfianum, Sphagnum warnst
Page 70 and 71: Shoreline Sand/Mud Strands, Beaches
Page 72 and 73: Rocky Shores: Great Lakes Alkaline
Page 74 and 75: Rocky Shores: Appalachian Highlands
Page 76 and 77: Rocky Uplands (Glades, Rock Barrens
Page 80 and 81: DISTRIBUTION: This graminoid shale
Page 82 and 83: Cliffs, Talus, Buttes and Badlands:
Page 88 and 89: Forests and Woodlands: Midwestern D
Page 90 and 91: Forests and Woodlands: Midwestern D
Page 92 and 93: Forests and Woodlands: Midwestern M
Page 94 and 95: Forests and Woodlands: Appalachian
Page 102 and 103: Forests and Woodlands: Interior Hig
Page 104 and 105: Savannas and Non-Rock Barrens: Midw
Page 106 and 107: Savannas and Non-Rock Barrens: Midw
Page 108 and 109: Prairies/Grasslands: Midwestern San
Page 110 and 111: Prairies/Grasslands: Midwestern Thi
Page 112 and 113: Prairies/Grasslands: Midwestern Dee
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Ohio subset of Plant Communities of the Midwest ... - NatureServe

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