Ohio subset of Plant Communities of the Midwest ... - NatureServe

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Wooded Swamps and Floodplains: Midwestern Bottomland Hardwood Forests Acer saccharum - Carya cordiformis / Asimina triloba Floodplain Forest Sugar Maple - Bitternut Hickory / Common Pawpaw Floodplain Forest Maple - Hickory Mesic Floodplain Forest CEGL005035 DESCRIPTION: The vegetation is dominated by broadleaf deciduous trees. Acer saccharum and Carya cordiformis dominate the overstory. These stout-branched trees display broad crowns and stout columnar trunks and grow to 20- 30 m in height. The subcanopy contains a variety of tree saplings, including Ulmus americana, Ulmus rubra, Morus rubra, and Prunus serotina var. serotina. The shrub layer is often quite dense and tangled with vines. Species include Toxicodendron radicans, Parthenocissus quinquefolia, Campsis radicans, Smilax tamnoides (= Smilax hispida), Smilax rotundifolia, Wisteria frutescens, and Vitis vulpina. Asimina triloba dominates the shrub layer, but Lindera benzoin, Aralia spinosa, Corylus americana, Ilex decidua, Crataegus viridis, Crataegus pruinosa, and Cornus florida are also commonly encountered. On better sites, the herbaceous stratum is dense and diverse. Typical species include Laportea canadensis, Symphyotrichum lanceolatum (= Aster lanceolatus), Polygonum virginianum, Poa sylvestris, Ruellia strepens, Tradescantia subaspera, Vernonia gigantea, Eupatorium purpureum, Teucrium canadense, and Dioscorea quaternata. Stands on the floodplains of the Ohio and Mississippi rivers in western Kentucky contain other canopy species, such as Gymnocladus dioicus, Quercus pagoda, Quercus shumardii, Quercus macrocarpa, Quercus muehlenbergii, Carya illinoinensis, Quercus alba, Quercus rubra, Nyssa sylvatica, and Juglans nigra (TNC 1995a). Stands occur on level to gently sloping ridges, terraces, natural levees, or higher elevations which border river floodplains or streams. Sites often have a ridge-and-swale topography. Mesic moisture conditions are maintained throughout most of the growing season, but some flooding does occur. Soils are moist and well- to moderatelydrained. In general, they have medium-textured silts and colluvial, deep, clay loams derived from sandstone and shales. Natural disturbance includes flooding, wind, and storm damage. COMMENTS: 3, MCS. This type is not well-defined, occupying a relatively narrow segment of the moisture/topographic gradient and containing a diverse mixture of tree species. Further study is needed to determine its characteristics. Only a few remnants remain in Kentucky (e.g., Bayou Creek Ridge Natural Area, McCracken County). Many occurrences have been cleared for agriculture. This type resembles Acer saccharum - Quercus rubra - Carya cordiformis / Asimina triloba Forest (CEGL002060) but is east of the Mississippi, whereas CEGL002060 is west. A related mesic hardwood floodplain type, Fagus grandifolia - Quercus spp. - Acer rubrum - Juglans nigra Forest (CEGL005014), is dominated by Fagus rather than Acer and Carya. CONSERVATION RANK: G2. There are probably fewer than 100 occurrences of this community rangewide. This community occurs in Illinois (where it is ranked S3S4), Ohio (S), Kentucky (S), and Tennessee (S); it may also occur in Indiana. Currently three occurrences are documented from Illinois and Ohio. There are probably fewer than 1000 acres rangewide. Currently 16 acres have been documented from two occurrences in Illinois. Many occurrences may have been degraded by logging, and others have been cleared for conversion to agriculture. DISTRIBUTION: This maple - hickory mesic floodplain forest is found in the central United States, ranging from Tennessee, Kentucky, and southern Illinois east to Ohio and possibly Indiana. USFS ECOREGIONS: 222Aq:CPP, 222C:CP, 222Dh:CCC, 222Di:CCC, 222Gb:CCC, 222Hb:CCC, 251Cj:CCC CONSERVATION REGIONS: 36:C, 42:C, 43:C, 44:C, 45:C STATES: IL IN KY OH TN PROVINCES: MIDWEST HERITAGE SYNONYMY: IL mesic floodplain forest (S); wet-mesic upland forest (S) I IN mesic floodplain forest OH mixed floodplain forest OTHER SYNONYMY: Fagus - Liquidambar/Rhus [Toxicodendron] Community (Voigt and Mohlenbrock 1964) B. Despite the difference in name and presence of Fagus in Voigt and Mohlenbrock's (1964) type, the topographic position and associated species are very similar., No equivalent (Eyre 1980) USNVC HIERARCHY: ACER SACCHARUM - CARYA CORDIFORMIS TEMPORARILY FLOODED FOREST ALLIANCE (I.B.2.N.d) PLANT COMMUNITIES OF THE MIDWEST – 2001. APPENDIX: ASSOCIATION DESCRIPTIONS 185
Wooded Swamps and Floodplains: Midwestern Bottomland Hardwood Forests Quercus macrocarpa - Quercus bicolor - Carya laciniosa / Leersia spp. - Cinna spp. Forest Bur Oak - Swamp White Oak - Kingnut Hickory / Cutgrass Species - Woodreed Species Forest Bur Oak - Swamp White Oak Mixed Bottomland Forest CEGL002098 DESCRIPTION: The tree canopy contains Quercus macrocarpa, Quercus bicolor, and Carya laciniosa. In swaley places in the Inner Bluegrass of Kentucky, tree associates include Quercus shumardii, Fraxinus pennsylvanica, and Ulmus americana. Stands are found in wet-mesic bottomland habitats. Historically this type may have had a woodland structure because of fire. COMMENTS: 3, MCS. This type has been so heavily impacted by settlement and grazing that characterization is difficult. CONSERVATION RANK: G2G3. There are probably fewer than 100 occurrences of this community rangewide; twentytwo occurrences have been documented in five states (Illinois, Kansas, Missouri, Ohio, and Wisconsin). This community is also reported from Iowa, Kentucky, and Ontario. There are probably less than 10,000 acres rangewide; over 1600 acres are currently documented. This community is restricted to river bottoms, low terraces, and low slopes along river floodplains. This forest is documented from 14 subsections in two provinces. Nearly half of the documented occurrences are in good condition. DISTRIBUTION: This bur oak - hardwoods bottomland forest type occurs in the central United States, ranging from southern Ohio west to Wisconsin, south to Missouri, and east to Kentucky. USFS ECOREGIONS: 222Fb:CCC, 222Ga:CCC, 222Gb:CCC, 222Ha:CCC, 222Kf:CCC, 222Kg:CCC, 222Lc:CCC, 251Cc:CCC, 251Cd:CC, 251Cf:CCC, 251Cg:CCC, 251Ci:CCC, 251Cq:CCC, 251Df:CCC, 251Dg:CCC, 251Ea:CCC CONSERVATION REGIONS: 36:C, 37:C, 44:C, 45:C, 46:C, 48:C STATES: IA IL IN KY MO OH WI PROVINCES: ON MIDWEST HERITAGE SYNONYMY: IL OTHER SYNONYMY: wet-mesic floodplain forest (N) I IN wet-mesic floodplain forest + MO wet-mesic bottomland forest + OH maple-ash-oak swamps WI floodplain forest (bur oak-swamp white oak subtype) = USNVC HIERARCHY: QUERCUS MACROCARPA - QUERCUS BICOLOR - (CARYA LACINIOSA) TEMPORARILY FLOODED FOREST ALLIANCE (I.B.2.N.d) PLANT COMMUNITIES OF THE MIDWEST – 2001. APPENDIX: ASSOCIATION DESCRIPTIONS 186
Page 1 and 2:
PLANT COMMUNITIES OF THE MIDWEST CL
Page 3 and 4: CONTENTS APPENDIX: PLANT COMMUNITY
Page 5 and 6: OVERVIEW APPENDIX: PLANT COMMUNITY
Page 7 and 8: − The USFS (U.S. Forest Service)
Page 9 and 10: Box 2. State Natural Heritage progr
Page 11 and 12: INDEX TO ASSOCIATIONS BY ECOLOGICAL
Page 13: 2.3.4.4. Interior Highlands Shale G
Page 16 and 17: Acid Peatlands: Northern Shrub/Gram
Page 18 and 19: Rich Peat Fens: Northeastern Rich F
Page 20 and 21: Rich Peat Fens: Midwestern Prairie
Page 22 and 23: Seeps: Midwestern Seepage Meadows S
Page 24 and 25: Open and Emergent Marshes: Eastern
Page 30 and 31: * Nonstandard type (needs review) G
Page 32 and 33: Open and Emergent Marshes: Great La
Page 34 and 35: Wet Prairies and Wet Meadows: Great
Page 36 and 37: Wet Prairies and Wet Meadows: Midwe
Page 38 and 39: Wet Prairies and Wet Meadows: Midwe
Page 40 and 41: Wooded Swamps and Floodplains: Nort
Page 46 and 47: Wooded Swamps and Floodplains: Midw
Page 60 and 61: Wooded Swamps and Floodplains: Appa
Page 62 and 63: Wooded Swamps and Floodplains: Sout
Page 64 and 65: Wooded Swamps and Floodplains: Sout
Page 66 and 67: Shoreline Sand/Mud Strands, Beaches
Page 68 and 69: Sphagnum wulfianum, Sphagnum warnst
Page 70 and 71: Shoreline Sand/Mud Strands, Beaches
Page 72 and 73: Rocky Shores: Great Lakes Alkaline
Page 74 and 75: Rocky Shores: Appalachian Highlands
Page 76 and 77: Rocky Uplands (Glades, Rock Barrens
Page 78 and 79: DISTRIBUTION: This limestone glade
Page 80 and 81: DISTRIBUTION: This graminoid shale
Page 82 and 83: Cliffs, Talus, Buttes and Badlands:
Page 88 and 89: Forests and Woodlands: Midwestern D
Page 90 and 91: Forests and Woodlands: Midwestern D
Page 92 and 93: Forests and Woodlands: Midwestern M
Page 94 and 95: Forests and Woodlands: Appalachian
Page 102 and 103: Forests and Woodlands: Interior Hig
Page 104 and 105:
Savannas and Non-Rock Barrens: Midw
Page 106 and 107:
Savannas and Non-Rock Barrens: Midw
Page 108 and 109:
Prairies/Grasslands: Midwestern San
Page 110 and 111:
Prairies/Grasslands: Midwestern Thi
Page 112 and 113:
Prairies/Grasslands: Midwestern Dee
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Ohio subset of Plant Communities of the Midwest ... - NatureServe

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