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£-26<br />

VOLUME 3<br />

Chapter X<br />

THE PAST-DECADE DEVELOPMENTS AND FUTURE TRENDS IN<br />

OIL-WELL DRILLING, COMPLETION, AND STIMULATION, WITH<br />

SPECIAL APPLICATIONS TO DEVELOPMENTS<br />

AT THE WIPP SITE<br />

by<br />

Geir Hareland<br />

TABLE OF CONTENTS<br />

Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... . . . , . X-I<br />

Technical development in drilling, completion and stimulation the past decade. . .. X-1<br />

Drilling ,....................................... X-1<br />

Directional and horizontal drilling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. X-1<br />

Drilling bits . ' _. X-2<br />

Measurement while drilling (MWD) and logging while drilling (LWD) .. _ X-3<br />

Down-hole motors X-4<br />

Drilling fluids - polymers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . _ X-4<br />

Coiled tubing ..,.................................., X-4<br />

Underbalanced drilling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. X-5<br />

Optimization tools - $/ft s<strong>of</strong>tware , X-6<br />

3-D planning tools _ X-6<br />

Slimhole drilling ,.. X-7<br />

Drilling rigs .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. X-7<br />

Top drive ,.................. X-7<br />

Instrumentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. X-7<br />

Conclusions - Application to the WIPP discussion X-7<br />

Completion . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. X-8<br />

Horizontal wells . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . , .. X-8<br />

Cement additives X-9<br />

Cement DllXmg X-9<br />

Perforation , , X-9<br />

Conclusions - Applications to WIPP discussion<br />

X-IO<br />

Stimulation<br />

_ . X-Il<br />

Hydraulic fracturing - proppant . . . . . , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . X-I0<br />

Horizontal wells . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . _ X-Il<br />

In-situ stress pr<strong>of</strong>iling<br />

_ X-Il<br />

3-D hydraulic fracturing models X-12<br />

Real-time monitoring and analysis _.. X-12<br />

New fracturing products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . _ . . . . . . X-12<br />

Hydraulic fracturing - acidizing : _ . _ X-13<br />

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