Central Rice Research Institute Annual report...2011-12

Enhancing and Sustaining the Productivity of Rice Based Farming Systems
one hand weeding formed the treatments for weed management
practices. Rice + BG (3:1) sown at uniform spacing
of 20 cm coupled with pendimethalin alone produced
comparable yield with pendimethalin supplemented
with one hand weeding. Sole rice crop had
higher weed biomass than the intercrop system under
herbicide treated plots.
Another field experiment was conducted during the
wet season, 2011 to evaluate the performance of different
weed management practices in rainfed upland rice
at KVK, Santhapur. There was predominance of grassy
weeds along with sedges at early stage (30 DAS) and
broad leaf weeds at later stage (45 DAS). Among the
different weed management treatments, better control
of weeds was recorded in the plots where stale seed
bed technique was adopted followed by post emergence
application of Azimsulfuron @ 35 g a.i. ha -1 at 20 DAS
(3.43 t ha -1 with weed control efficiency 86%) and it
produced the comparable yield with twice hand weeding
(3.52 t ha -1 ) while weed free check produced the
highest yield of 3.73 t ha -1 .
Integrated Farming Systems in Different
Rice Ecologies
Diversified rice farming systems for favourable
and unfavourable upland ecologies
To evaluate crop component based farming system
in rainfed uplands, sesame (Shekhar and Tarur), black
gram (BU-1) and fingermillet (JWM 1 and A-405) were
sown with upland rice as intercrops with two ratios
(1:1 and 2:1) at uniform base and intercrop spacings of
15 and 20 cm. Experimental results revealed that all
intercrop combinations were more productive in terms
of rice equivalent yield and LER. Rice intercropped
with fingermillet showed better performance when combined
with fingermillet cv. A-405 due to different growth
behavior of rice and fingermillet.
Improvement and popularization of integrated
farming system model for small and marginal
farmers under irrigated condition
The multi-enterprise integrated rice based farming
system model was developed at CRRI, Cuttack with the
potential integration of fishery, poultry, duckery, beekeeping,
vermin-composting, horticulture and
agroforestry with rice and rice based crops to improve
water, nutrient and energy use efficiency in 1 acre area
under irrigated condition. In its present form, the model
has full potential to earn regular livelihood for small
and marginal farmers by ensuring food and nutritional
security besides its socio-economic and ecological benefits.
With the aim of further improvement of the model;
mushroom, nutritional garden and nursery raising enterprises
were integrated during the year 2010-11 in
the model and found compatible and feasible.
In this system,after an early crop of rice cv. Apo,
submergence tolerant rice variety Swarna Sub-1 was
transplanted in the last week of June. During the dry
season rice cv. Naveen was grown. Three rice crops
together (Swarna Sub-1, Naveen and Apo) produced a
total grain yield of 12.8 t ha -1 . On the bunds more than
1.5 tones of vegetables and fruits were produced.
Around 1.5 q of fish and 15,000 fingerlings were harvested
in the system and generated an income of
Rs. 20,000.
As a whole the system could produce about 14.3 q
of food crops, 1.5 q of fish, 1.8 q of meat, 10 q of vegetables
and 5 q of fruits besides 13 to 14 q of rice straw
(used for animal feed) annually to ensure food and
nutritional security, stable income on short and long
term basis and year round employment of farm family.
Development of rice-fish farming systems for
waterlogged and deep water areas and studies
on rice-fish environment and interactions
Rice-fish-prawn-livestock horticultural crop based irrigated
farming system for medium deep water lowlands
In the rainfed lowland rice-fish integrated farming
system in one hectare area components like high yielding
rice varieties (Varshadhan and Durga) followed by
moong bean and okra in the dry season in the field and
horticultural crops, poultry, duckery and agroforestry
etc. were taken up. The productivity of wet season rice
crop ranged between 3.0 – 3.5 t ha -1 (Durga) and 4.0 –
4.5 t ha -1 (Varshadhan), and the same for dry season
crops after rice were 0.6 t ha -1 (greengram) and 7.0 t ha -1
(okra).
Rice-fish-horticultural crops-agro forestry based integrated
farming system model for deepwater ecosystem
Rice-fish-horticulture based diversified farming systems
with the integration of various crops and animal
components were taken up in rainfed waterlogged and
deepwater ecologies, besides studies on rice-fish environment
and interactions. The grain yield of wet season
rice (var.Pooja, Gayatri) was in the range of 4.3-5.0
t ha -1 in rainfed lowland and 3.8-4.6 t ha -1 (var.Durga,
Varshadhan) in deepwater situation. The yield of various
dry season crops grown with harvested rainwater
were 0.53 t ha -1 in greengram (PDM 54), 3.3-5.9 t ha -1 in
vegetables (Bottle gourd, cucumber, okra) and 5.0 tha -1
in rice (cv. Naveen). The productivity of other field crops
in upland (Tier I and II) was in the range of 3.5-11.9 t
ha -1 in vegetables during dry season and 7.9-12.7 t ha -1
CRRI ANNUAL REPORT 2011-12
73