Central Rice Research Institute Annual report...2011-12

during wet season, 6.2-47.6 t ha -1 in tuber crops and 8-
30 kg fruits per plant in fruit crops. The fish yield was
0.94 t ha -1 at a stocking density of 7,000 fingerlings ha -1 .
Among the fish species, Catla attained maximum
growth (0.88 kg) followed by Rohu (0.84 kg) and Mrigal
(0.77 kg). Among the bird components, poultry birds
(Vanaraja) attained average weight of 2.1 kg in 90 days,
while ducks (Khaki Campbell) recorded average weight
of 1.4 kg per year. The average net income of the multitier
rice-fish-horticulture based farming system for
deepwater areas was around Rs 1,00,000 ha -1 .
Studies on rice-fish environment and interactions
The possibility of using insectivorous fish (Kou,
Anabas testudinues) as a component of IPM was studied
under rice-fish farming during dry season. Culture of
fish (Kou) reduced the infestation of yellow stem borer
(YSB) of rice crop (Naveen) by 40.9% at the heading
stage resulting marginal increase in grain yield. Use of
insecticide (Chlorpyriphos) as seedling root dip (0.04%
a.i ha -1 ) reduced the YSB infestation at vegetative stage
by 57.3% and later integration of fish (Kou) reduced the
YSB infestation at heading stage by 25.5%. However,
spray of Imidacloprid at 0.01% at heading stage gave
comparable control of YSB with that of seedling root
dip followed by release of fish. The grain yield of rice
ranged from 4.6- 5.2 t ha -1 . The yield of fish fingerlings
was in the range of 41.1-54.4 kg ha -1 in 75 days. The
green house gases (CH 4
and N 2
O) emission and their
interaction with different fish species (catla, rohu,
mrigal, and common carp) was studied under rainfed
waterlogged rice-fish farming during wet season using
rice variety, Varshadhan. The methane emission varied
from 0.69 to 10.6 mg m -2 hr -1 during the crop growth
stages with a peak flux at 102 DAT (after PI stage). The
methane emission was found higher under rice-fish
farming compared to rice alone and among the fish
species common carp emitted maximum methane (0.72-
10.6 mg m -2 hr -1 ) due to more bioturbation because of its
scavenger feeding habit followed the other species as
catla, rohu and mrigal, respectively. The CH 4
emission
was also found 32% higher in the flowering stage of the
dry season rice (var.Naveen) under rice-fish culture.
The N 2
O emission varied from 13.2-55.2 N 2
O-N g m 2
hr -1 with peaks values after the N fertilizer applications.
The N 2
O emission was higher during rice farming alone
compared to rice-fish farming and there was no effect
of fish species in the case of N 2
O emission. The grain
yield of rice was 4.55 t ha -1 in rice-fish farming compared
to 4.10 t ha -1 in rice alone. The fish yield was 195-
238 kg of fingerlings ha -1 in 90 days.
Development of Integrated Farming Systems
for flood-prone areas
Performance of integrated rice-fish farming system at CRRI
regional station, Gerua
Rice constituted the main component of rice-fish
farming system model which covered 60 % of the total
area. Five rice varieties, i.e., Swarna, Swarna-sub1,
Ranjit, Pooja and Sabita were tested in RBD with four
replications during wet season 2011. Swarna recorded
significantly higher grain yield of 5.26 t ha -1 followed
by Swarna-sub1 (4.97 t ha -1 ) and Ranjit (4.93 t ha -1 )
(Table 29).
Vegetable crops were cultivated on the pond dyke
throughout the year. Interventions made were lady’s
finger (var. Arka Anamika) and yardbean (var.
Harirani), brinjal (cv. PK-123) during pre-wet season
and wet seasons, green chilli (var. Surajmukhi) during
wet season and post-wet seasons. French bean (var.
Anupam) and cabbage (var. Shaan) during dry season.
Interventions made on the hanging platforms were
of pumpkin (var. Arjun) during wet seasons and bottle
gourd and country bean (var. Kartika Seem) during dry
season. Red amaranth was grown on pond bunds as
wet season and post-wet season leafy vegetable while
spinach was grown as leafy vegetable during dry season.
Gross income from the various components of the
integrated farming system was calculated to be
Rs. 80,650 from 0.5 ha of area. The major contribution
in terms of production and income was highest from
horticulture component (43.95%, followed by fish
(24.80%) and rice (21%).
Table 29. Performance of rice varieties under integrated rice-fish farming system during wet season 2011
No. of filled Test Straw yield
Variety EBT/sq m grains panicle -1 wt (gm) Grain (t ha -1 ) (t ha -1 ) HI
Swarna 273.07 153.30 19.60 5.26 6.45 0.45
Swarna sub-1 272.25 152.80 19.05 4.97 6.25 0.44
Ranjit 249.97 153.05 20.05 4.93 7.01 0.41
Pooja 338.25 104.00 20.16 4.25 6.10 0.41
Sabita 243.37 122.56 34.13 4.39 7.95 0.36
CD (P.05) 22.42 9.91 0.26 0.30 0.40 0.09
EBI: Ear bearing tillers, HI: Harvest index
74 CRRI ANNUAL REPORT 2011-12