rok 2007 - Fakulta chemickej a potravinárskej technológie
rok 2007 - Fakulta chemickej a potravinárskej technológie
rok 2007 - Fakulta chemickej a potravinárskej technológie
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APVT Project No APVT-20-000204 Electrochemical Deposition of Lanthanum from Fluoride<br />
Melts (Marta Ambrová)<br />
The spent nuclear fuel treatment is one of the alternatives to the present storage of spent fuel in deep geological<br />
storages. The present used ways are based on the neutron source. The possibility of using of chemical<br />
separation processes is under study, too.No one commercal cycle exists which could be fully satisfactory. The<br />
separation processes in the melts were studying in 50 th years. But they were not implemented because of high<br />
requirements on materials. These processes are realized at the temperature higher than 500 °C and used<br />
chemical agents are very aggressive. It means that there are serious problems at choosing of appropriate<br />
construction materials.<br />
The separation process of lanthanides and actinides is partially handled in chloride melts. However, this<br />
process does not suit the concept of the new types of reactors, where the fluoride melts are considered as carrier<br />
melts. It is important to handle the separation process from fluoride melts. In Czech Republic in Nuclear Research<br />
Centre in Řež, the technology based on the distillation of volatile fluorides was proposed. Uranium species can be<br />
distilled as UF 6 from the spent fuel. Solid fluoridated products and non-fluoridated species remain in the distillation<br />
residue (plutonium, actinides, ...). Electroseparation could be used to separate these species.<br />
New knowledge on the properties of the possible melt systems is needed for electroseparation. At<br />
present, the thermodynamic properties of the pure compounds, a few relevant phase diagrams and some<br />
“standard” (but inconsistent) electrochemical potentials of lanthanides and actinides compounds are available.<br />
Electrodeposition of lanthanum was chosen as a model system. Different methods of the<br />
electrodeposition can be tested in the model system. The main objective is split into the following steps:<br />
- solubility of lanthanum compounds in fluoride melts,<br />
- construction of the high-temperature electrolytic cell with exactly defined conditions,<br />
- electrode materials for electrodeposition with lanthanum depolarisation,<br />
- electrolytic deposition of lanthanum from the appropriate electrolyte,<br />
- influence of the pulse electrolysis.<br />
Project duration: from January 2005 to December <strong>2007</strong><br />
VI. COOPERATION<br />
A. Cooperation in Slovakia<br />
Institution Type of cooperation Responsible person Duration<br />
VUJE, Trnava Transmutation of spent nuclear fuel Ing. Petr Dařílek<br />
January –<br />
December<br />
<strong>2007</strong><br />
VUCHT, Bratislava<br />
March –<br />
Study of changes of active ZnO<br />
doc. Ing. M. Králik, PhD. December<br />
Calculation of the thermodynamic functions<br />
<strong>2007</strong><br />
SHMÚ Balance of green house emissions Ing. J. Szemesová, PhD.<br />
May –<br />
November<br />
<strong>2007</strong><br />
B. International Cooperation<br />
Institution Type of cooperation Responsible person Duration<br />
SINTEF, Norway Transference numbers in melts Prof. Jomar Thonstad<br />
VUT Brno, Czech<br />
Republic<br />
Corrosion of metals in melts<br />
Prof. O. Mátal<br />
January - December<br />
<strong>2007</strong><br />
August – November<br />
<strong>2007</strong><br />
C. Membership in Domestic Organizations and Societies<br />
Name Organisation or Society Position Valid date<br />
M. Chovancová Slovak Society for Surface Tretment and Technology other since 1995<br />
M. Chovancová Slovak Chemical Society member since 1987<br />
M. Chovancová Slovak Cleaner Production Centre member since 1993<br />
M. Chovancová Union of Slovak Scientific and Technological Societies member since 1972<br />
J. Híveš Slovak Society for Surface Tretment and Technology member since 1987<br />
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