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OECD (2000)

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ANNEX 3<br />

Table 8. Mean mathematics achievement of 8th-grade students, by gender and beliefs about<br />

what is important for success in mathematics (1995)<br />

Natural ability Good luck Hard work Memorization<br />

Boys Girls Boys Girls Boys Girls Boys Girls<br />

Australia 2 Agree 527 530 495 494 532 535 524 529<br />

Disagree 538 542 547 551 513 522 545 544<br />

Austria 2 Agree 551 542 523 522 538 531 518 505<br />

Disagree 527 522 553 540 564 555 563 554<br />

Belgium (Fl.) 1 Agree 562 560 532 539 564 564 558 559<br />

Disagree 567 578 573 576 562 590 571 575<br />

Belgium (Fr.) 2 Agree 530 523 491 492 530 526 530 526<br />

Disagree 534 531 544 536 534 533 537 527<br />

Canada Agree 524 525 498 497 522 526 513 514<br />

Disagree 534 537 539 541 554 565 539 542<br />

Czech Republic Agree 574 556 557 546 559 549 540 525<br />

Disagree 563 563 585 577 608 607 592 580<br />

Denmark 2 Agree 514 496 487 465 511 491 509 489<br />

Disagree 492 487 524 506 522 519 519 503<br />

England 1 Agree 508 502 461 464 506 504 492 492<br />

Disagree 517 509 526 520 548 517 534 518<br />

France Agree 535 537 521 514 541 534 544 538<br />

Disagree 551 536 550 542 556 557 528 510<br />

Germany 2 Agree 516 519 480 484 503 500 497 491<br />

Disagree 509 499 524 519 539 550 529 526<br />

Greece 2 Agree 488 481 459 447 490 476 487 474<br />

Disagree 496 478 504 491 498 520 517 506<br />

Hungary Agree 539 539 516 515 529 532 510 510<br />

Disagree 539 532 570 565 571 568 565 563<br />

Iceland Agree 475 462 455 448 488 485 491 486<br />

Disagree 506 497 505 496 504 498 479 495<br />

Ireland Agree 532 521 511 489 537 522 529 513<br />

Disagree 552 524 551 535 522 510 557 538<br />

Japan Agree 607 597 603 599 609 600 607 598<br />

Disagree 619 616 619 601 612 600 638 629<br />

Korea Agree 616 598 603 589 616 599 602 585<br />

Disagree 615 600 634 617 580 533 650 638<br />

Netherlands 2 Agree 545 540 519 510 542 537 529 525<br />

Disagree 546 536 553 547 573 549 566 551<br />

New Zealand Agree 509 493 472 464 512 501 505 493<br />

Disagree 523 519 529 519 523 543 536 531<br />

Norway Agree 507 500 466 460 506 500 506 502<br />

Disagree 506 510 517 511 503 514 507 501<br />

Portugal Agree 458 446 447 436 459 449 454 439<br />

Disagree 467 463 469 460 480 448 471 462<br />

Spain Agree 491 480 481 461 488 481 482 470<br />

Disagree 494 487 500 493 519 505 509 500<br />

Sweden Agree 518 508 488 481 513 512 503 490<br />

Disagree 525 525 533 530 554 546 531 530<br />

Switzerland 1 Agree 551 544 514 505 537 533 528 525<br />

Disagree 547 543 561 554 581 570 564 553<br />

United States 1 Agree 496 490 470 461 501 498 490 488<br />

Disagree 511 506 520 514 511 503 524 512<br />

Country mean Agree 542 537 531 524 538 530 536 530<br />

Disagree 533 522 544 534 541 536 545 532<br />

The data in the rows marked ‘‘agree’’ reflect the mean achievement of students who responded ‘‘agree’’ and ‘‘strongly agree’’. The data in the rows<br />

arked ‘‘disagree’’ reflect the mean achievement of students who responded ‘‘disagree’’ and ‘‘strongly disagree’’.<br />

. Countries met TIMSS sampling requirements only partially.<br />

. Countries did not meet TIMSS sampling requirements.<br />

ource: International Association for the Evaluation of Educational Achievement (IEA)/Third International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS),<br />

1994-1995.<br />

© <strong>OECD</strong> <strong>2000</strong><br />

365

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