OECD (2000)

B1
Educational Expenditure Relative to Gross Domestic Product
Table B1.1c. Educational expenditure as a percentage of GDP for tertiary education,
by source of funds (1997)
Financial aid
Private payments
Total expenditure
Public
to students not
to educational
from public, private
subsidies Total expenditure attributable
Direct public institutions and international Private payments
to households and from both public to household
expenditure for excluding public sources for other than
other private and private sources payments
educational subsidies educational to educational
entities excluding for educational to educational
institutions to households and institutions plus institutions
public subsidies for institutions institutions for
other private
public subsidies to
student living costs
educational
entities
households
services
OECD countries
Australia 1.0 0.18 0.53 1.7 1.9 0.2 0.19
Austria 1.3 0.03 0.17 1.5 1.7 m 0.20
Belgium (Fl.) 0.8 0.04 0.10 0.9 1.2 m 0.22
Canada 1.2 0.45 0.35 2.0 2.2 0.4 0.19
Czech Republic 0.7 n 0.11 0.8 0.9 m 0.07
Denmark 1.1 n 0.01 1.2 1.8 0.6 0.63
Finland 1.7 0.02 x 1.7 2.0 m 0.35
France 1.0 0.03 0.14 1.2 1.2 0.1 0.06
Germany 1.0 n 0.08 1.1 1.2 0.1 0.13
Greece 1.0 m 0.18 1.2 1.2 m m
Hungary 0.8 0.04 0.22 1.0 1.1 m 0.08
Iceland 0.7 x 0.04 0.7 1.0 m 0.25
Ireland 1.0 0.09 0.29 1.4 1.7 m 0.28
Italy 0.6 0.05 0.15 0.8 0.9 0.4 0.05
Japan 0.5 m 0.58 1.1 m m m
Korea 0.5 m 1.95 2.5 2.5 m n
Luxembourg 0.1 n m m m m 0.09
Mexico 0.8 n 0.27 1.1 1.2 n 0.07
Netherlands 1.1 0.12 0.03 1.2 1.5 0.3 0.25
New Zealand 1.0 x m m m m 0.80
Norway 1.3 x 0.09 1.4 2.1 n 0.74
Poland 1.2 m m m m m 0.05
Portugal 1.0 a 0.02 1.0 1.1 n 0.05
Spain 0.9 0.03 0.27 1.2 1.3 0.1 0.06
Sweden 1.6 n 0.16 1.7 2.4 m 0.62
Switzerland 1.1 0.01 n 1.1 1.2 n 0.04
Turkey 0.8 m m m m m m
United Kingdom 0.7 0.16 0.12 1.0 1.3 m 0.25
United States 1 1.4 m 1.29 2.7 2.9 0.1 m
Country mean 1.0 0.06 0.31 1.3 1.5 0.2 0.23
OECD total 1.0 0.08 0.70 1.7 2.0 0.1 0.14
WEI participants
Argentina 0.8 n 0.29 1.0 1.1 n n
Brazil 2 0.8 m m m m m m
Chile 0.4 0.12 1.24 1.8 1.8 m 0.02
Israel 3 1.2 0.05 0.77 2.0 2.0 n n
Malaysia 1.1 n 0.28 1.4 1.6 n 0.27
Paraguay 0.7 a m m m n a
Philippines 0.5 0.01 0.93 1.4 1.4 0.4 a
Thailand 1.0 m m m m m m
Uruguay 0.6 a m m m a a
Zimbabwe 1.5 n n 1.5 1.7 n 0.19
. Includes post-secondary non-tertiary data.
. 1996 data.
. 1995 data.
ource: OECD Education Database. See Annex 3 for notes.
© OECD 2000
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