Vol. 16â1962 - NorthEastern Weed Science Society

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444 taken OR' the spedes, bd' abu~ of, nad."pl.~ '!he Virginia I~t~~te of Marf.De:sae .. cooper.tedR:tltsuney 11\ V~aj the Maryland NaWta1 ResOUl'ceslutitu.,M1p.d' s~ti tileatea &ClII'""Dft~WashiD8ton, D., q~,: . , along the MBylua4 std. 'of, ChiQPO c R:tver, ad, .11ODS .the Weste~ SJi6tt to theh.u"o!·,Cbu.,..u Ba1i :theMarylarael"'aaid loland F18h .. ., ~ Coam1.u1d1l·•• t.ted tn the s--:f"g lII6et of the -ilUtern Shore doWn to ' Tal:bot County.' . . .J ',";S' , Siuce previous studies (S~. aDd Stotts, 1961) had indicated that phenoxy cCllllpOUDds,parttcular~y 2,4-D1mpregnated .~~ttaclay gr&DUles, were the 1IIOR.en.cU". cbeadllliAJW;fcWcontrol tit adlanwateX'lll1.lto1l10 tidal ,ar... ._8IIlPtiasis In 19M !We OIl refl ..... '·ol techD1ClUes.of· ttl.. ':.. I\I8Dt and on cn.... to·determ1i1ie':'·wetber other P.'''~]>benoxy comp~.~, be8ldU 2,4-01>tIIDU1dg1Ve 1Iuec:8Htdi results. AbOift5;000 pounds ofgr~ pheDoXyfCJzWalatl ',' .:..:' .: •.". '. .iJbY") :piopyl'elie '81,"1: fobUtyl ether"~sbf 2,4-0dlchlorcS2 " ·':·pheao.x)'a~·tecld . )
Empb4sis was on testing DOD-volatile esters of 2,4-D lmpregaated in granules. Series of randOlllized. replicated trea~ts, with checks, were made on liS-acre and l-acre plota in fresh and brllidciah water habitats during ti~, of slack low water. 'lbe dosage rate .... re 10, 20, and 30 pounds a. e.. per a... Chemiuls WIre applied duriiIB the latter part of May and early Juae after watend.l~ll was high enouahto reach the water surface at ebb tide; most of the treatments were. made when the temperatul:'e of the water was above lSoc. Other phenoxy formulations were applied at. dosages of 5, 10, and 20 pounds' •••• per acre on Lilo-acre plots in both fresh and tidal water ereas; X'epU.catioDS were made at the 10 pound a. e.: per acre rate. testing was cont1aued until after taitial flowering. Additional tests of both e,tews and amine sal~ of 2,4-D were made et high tide, when dispersal of herbicides by currents would be greatest; these tests were made on 1/2-acre ADd l-acre plot.. EDdothal. which is a highly .oluble and readily dispUs.d formulation, was te.ted at 40 pouDd,I a.e. per acre on a 2 1/2-acre plot in a small bay at dead-low tide to see whether it would be effective under such favorable conditions. Herbicides Were applied frOlll a l4-foot boat. "tlich was propelled by, a 5 horsepower air~thrust motor. Granular herbicides were applied with a knapsack power sprayer (Solo Model 60) strapped to a seat in the center of the boat. A hopper .of the type ,used for farm tractors was cradled in a wooden fr8llle on the gunnels of the boat and attached to the knapsack POlfllr uDit with a rubber bose. '1be gr ... les were fed by::sravity into the rotor of the air-thrust unit and dispersed through a 4-iach rubber hose and head device in a 10';'foot swath. 'lbe flow of granules was regulated with a pointed stick that fitted the opening of the fuDDel. Liquid formulations were applied with coaventional power spray equipmeat from a boat propelled by an air- tbrus t motor. Results Distributiog Studies. The rasults of the survey in the Chesapeake Bay and PotOlllac River region in 1961 indicated that the area of infes tetioo of Eurasian watermilfoil toteled about 100.000 acres &Del that new esteblishments were occurring at a rapid rate. This is in contrast to its known range of 50,000 acres in 1960 (Stotts, 1961). '1be rapidity of invasion 111illustrated by the records of aDDual OCtober surveys. of the Susquebal:lna Plats, an area of major importance for waterfowl. Previous sampling of stetions sbowd the following. frequencies of occurrence at vegeteted stations in successive years: none, 1957; 1 perct,t. 1958;, 47 percent., 1959; and 84 percent, 1960 (SpX'inger et al., 1961)A '1be stJtYey in 1961 X'evealed that Eurasian Rtermilfoil was pX'Uent at 88 pucent of' the stations. 1Jl July 1961, a silil!lar auX'Vey showed that 71 percent of the : stations had Eurasian wateim1lfoil. 445 1/ a.e ..- = acid equ.ivai~t. ~l Also, P. 'to SpriaSeX'. V. D. Stotts. and C. K. Rawls, se., unpublished field DOtes. 1961.
Page 1 and 2:
PRESENTANDFUTtJU OF AQUATIC'. WIlD
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Complete reports from 12 Nor~heaste
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The reawakening in aquatic weed con
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,10.1ng -2,4.,;iD (19), 2,4~5.T (4)
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9 The Role of the State in Res idue
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,., 1'4 keep developmental work in
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In addition to a review of field an
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State workers have to consider resi
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The vigorous regrowth of quackgrass
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during t,he sUllllller.is l,ower ll
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5. llslapon and other chlorine,ted
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23 • ·i INTRODUCTION: !!'he Bear
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Some damage to runners rssul ted fr
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27 CELLSTRUCTUREANDPLANTGROWTHCRMON
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pel'fQ.,..d,-.ear17M1932. that the
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a copious precipitate deposits afte
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B) A general review of the subject
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This narrative of ineptitude must b
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does Jo run a recreational facility
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Another pote1U:ialuse for chemicals
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Newapproaches in the use of herbici
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43 sentence would bear this out". T
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More and more each year since the a
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11. Rice, E. J. The effects of cUlt
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PFSI'ICIDESUSED - - - - - - - - - -
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__..:I whether or not these apparen
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Dosage. Ib./acre Dimethyl tetrachlo
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~ ~_~ __ L L Table 2. Weed Susceoti
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- - - - - - - - ~, - - - - --- - -
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Table 7.. Weed Control in :l:!c,Ql1
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Table '1. Rat.1lISstI 'Of carrot an
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H , 'ta~l!. g,._~e~_O!~ut~• .:.:.
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65 plant press and dried in a f~ced
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67 Tablet. 'lIi! EFFECT'or AN'INO'l
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69 THE INFLUENCE JIt P.I!ll'ROLEUM
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71 1 CDEC(Ee) 2 " " 3 4 " 5 " " 6 7
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!a~l~ 1._ ~!:.c!: :!!1~hJl!:e.::m~d
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75 EFFECT;OFCOMPOSITIONANDVOLUMEOF
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A LOGARITHMICSPRAlERFORSMALLPLCflSY
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79 Do~ Calculations The actual init
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Selective Herbicides for Several Cr
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83 Susceptible weeds Tolerant weeds
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85 Marion Market 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 Da
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Table 5. Bai
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weeding of Lima Bean. With Chemical
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EFFECTOF HERBICIDESONQUALITYANDYIEL
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Results Date treated: 9/6/61 Soil m
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95 Date planted: 915/61 Date treate
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Table 3. Yield Data on Hanover and
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Weeding of Carrots With 'pre-lilanU
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101 WEEDCONTROLSTUDIESIN SEElED ONI
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Weather conditions at the two locat
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In contrast to the damage noted in
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107 Literature Cited 1. Althaus. R.
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Table 1. Weed control: stand of pla
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Results and Discussion. The data, p
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CIPO, Vegadex, and Randox Singly or
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Table 1•. Wa. control, stand of p
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'Ihree experiments were conducted i
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a- Table 2_"COIIlpartsonof' Several
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fJ Table 3. CcBparison of Several.
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c
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Table 1. Seeding and Weed Counts on
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WEEDCONTROLANDTHE IMPROVEMENT OF SE
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Following emergence of the tomato s
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indicates that several of the treat
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DISCUSSIONOF RESULTS Transplant Tom
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harvest was covered with weeds, and
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An additional 2 years of tests on f
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~ Table 2 .--l Average Number and P
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~ Table 4 Total Yields in Number an
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"" ~ Table 6 Bvalu~t1.on of S&l~nto
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of weed eoneee I without inj ury 't
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1. Associate Research Specialist in
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Stulllll&ry A study was lh1tlatedto
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Table 2. The residual effects of se
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FURTHEROBSERVATIONS ONCONTROL OF TH
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Table 3 - Mean per cent brake contr
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lAssociate Research Spec1alist in W
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PRE-E~mRGENCE WEEDCONTROLTEST IN RE
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161 Table 2. Tolerance of Beets and
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163 Results generally were good wee
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USE OF GRANULAR CHl!H[CALAPPLICATOR
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u.s. #1 potatoes and weed control e
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0' ~ Table 2. Pre-emergent weed con
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Table 3. Post-hilling weed control
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~/Pe.nt>:r lITn. h.7(L T1o:oTl.,:r+
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In table 2 are presettted weed a*1'
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Since rec1root is only one of the I
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w.l.th 3 and 4 Ibs. ot Randox per a
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181 CONTROLOF ANNUALWEEDSIN pOTATOE
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The following comments on the vario
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185 S\:U!U!1fryand ConclWtlon No he
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187 Table 2. Potato YIelds Followin
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Residue analysis of potatoes treate
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soil temperatures at the time the m
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( ( ~able 2. Effect of Several Che~
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195 PROBLEMSIN THEAPPLICATIONOF HER
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197 scale tests on 2 cOlJllllercial
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l!!!! Experiment A factorial experi
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frOlll plot. at .horter i*nalt (~ t
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6.50 Table 1. Effe,ct of p"e- an
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205 EVALUATION0It' DACTHAL * HERBIC
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The 1959 and 1960 replicated field
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209 TABLEII Average Weed Cont~l Exh
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Where the weed eompleJl;conststs of
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...... 1.67, 213 Table 1. Effect of
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215 Table 2. Bffect of pre-plant he
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.217 Pive pre-plant herbicide. were
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219 Table 1. Effect of pre-p1anthel
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Table 2. tilat' of pre-plantbftb.tc
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l EVALUATIONOF THREEHERBICIDESONPnE
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TABLE2. TIll HIGHESTlATEOFHERBICIDE
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Because of the lush growth of quack
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Table 2. Effects of Herbicides on Q
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Table 3. Effects of Herbicides on A
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233 The inhibitory activity was ass
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non-polar solvents. Table 5 shows t
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237 Figure I Bioassay of cbrOlll4to
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239 Weed Control and Residual Effec
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Rototilling was done in June·' SO
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243 in the spring of 1961 preceedin
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WEEDCONTROL.AR
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Li£erature Cited 1. Chappell. W. E
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Tl'eatments ghing un.811~!8facto%'y
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Table 1. Designa t ion Am1l:)en .\
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Table 3. Percent Broadleat Weed Con
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,255 CONTROLOF ANNUALWlmDSIN swDT C
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of Casoron per acre was statistical
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~.-! _ 1.37 ~ Table 2. Sweet Corn Y
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Table 4. Peroent Control ot Ann.ual
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EVALUATIONOF FIVE _~p>I!:S FOR KILL
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265 STRAWBERRY HERBICIDEINVESTIGATI
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267 Table 2. Eftect Of'herbicidet~e
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'h ", 4. Tillam lOG at 5 lb/A a.i.
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Asparagus The results of weed contr
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273 TABLEII. ~1EED CONTROLANDYIELD
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~ C'l TABLE tv. lIEE» OON1T..OLAND
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WEEDCONTROLIN TRANSPLANT TOMATOES (
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279 ·QUACKGRASSCONTROL S.M. Raleig
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281 table II. The control of:'4oaek
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no cultivation during the growing s
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SummaryandConclu.1Qp' 1. A quackgra
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If or where farmer acceptance of a
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,~, ~ Tab1.e II. Chemical. Treatmen
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so11 per plot at each sampling date
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418' 293 Table III Main Eff,ects of
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Table V, }nt ...... e..• ,fa~, I;
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plots showed smaller decreases with
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FURTHEREVALUmONor HERBICIDESFal· W
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301 In the SUIIIIIlf)1' seeding, th
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The results were similar to those o
Page 305 and 306:
In another experiment, loam soil wa
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apparently due to severe competitio
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ab1e 2. Average dry weight of corn
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311 The most strllt~Mrr~ct. ~fiIIJI
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313 RE9lfm'$~lfI)DI3CtlSSION '1.",
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315 LrrERATURECITED 1. Fertig, Stan
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.~ pattern following applications o
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Ratings at the time of'gJ;Vllst; al
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THERESPONSEOF NUTGRASS TO HERBIC~I)
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'\.......- TABLE2. Ratings of Nutgr
Page 325 and 326:
All treatments produced si~1f~c~tly
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A 327 WEBDe
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. Eli'FECTSali' WEEDSON YIELD AND"G
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Pollen Maturity: ",l. ,. Broadleaf
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'--' The applicators were tested un
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335 Figure 1. The effeetof partic1e
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337 SRFeader 1 On this spreader onl
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Table 4. The effect of speed, p~~cl
Page 341 and 342:
Table 1: Herbicidal treatments used
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·000 .000, I II ! WEEDCONTROLRATIN
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2.5000 CORNINJURY EXPRESSEDAS SQUAR
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347 1. 2. Danielson. l , ;4. L. Ef~
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',-- 34~ 3-(3 ..4-Dichlorophenyl)-1
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weed control with adequate safety t
Page 353 and 354:
Untreated Table 2. Directed Post-E"
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.s .... __ Table 7. Pre-Emel'ae~eWe
Page 357 and 358:
experiment is reported herE!. Trifl
Page 359 and 360:
Results are given. in Table 4~J'Rot
Page 361 and 362:
In Princeton fine sand, tritlupalin
Page 363 and 364:
Included in the lima. bean test wer
Page 365 and 366:
Table 1. The Effects ofS8veral form
Page 367 and 368:
Table 3. The effects of several for
Page 369 and 370:
369 Table 5. The effects of sev~ral
Page 371 and 372:
• ~ : .• \ • ' -' ..,,:- ',-"
Page 373 and 374:
Heights of barley were significantl
Page 375 and 376:
Table 2. The effe,cts of s~\I'~ral
Page 377 and 378:
Table 4. 377 The effects of aevel8.
Page 379 and 380:
,:' A PROGRESSREPORTONCOMIo!ERCIAL
Page 381 and 382:
4. Undesirable dead stem.,lio not r
Page 383 and 384:
areas under service conditionsa~ va
Page 385 and 386:
We ,prpbablyhave no speeie of g~owt
Page 387 and 388:
control. At the end of the third ye
Page 389 and 390:
initial defoliation was evident lat
Page 391 and 392:
OBJECTIVE In 1958 an experiment was
Page 393 and 394: Replicates DlO 810 I 2.0 0.5 II 1.5
Page 395 and 396: DISCUSSION One Year After Applicati
Page 397 and 398: 1. Button, E.F. Bndwrfg'h~';J .L. ,
Page 399 and 400: 399 The treatment consisted of appl
Page 401 and 402: 401 FIELD PROCEDURES Although. the
Page 403 and 404: 403 In the light of these data it a
Page 405 and 406: 405 ...·1!MLE I SAMPLECHARACTERIST
Page 407 and 408: 407 , '.". '.·',',~'l~rL,i;'. "\"
Page 409 and 410: dltterent l"atespacaoreand"~"at thr
Page 411 and 412: 411 RESULTS ireatmentettect was det
Page 413 and 414: , 413 ;. ' "1 ' "':j " • made wit
Page 415 and 416: ( ( . Table 3. Effectiveness on Spe
Page 417 and 418: 417 FENURQlt,A PROMISINGNEWTOOL FOR
Page 419 and 420: There are a number of reaso~ for un
Page 421 and 422: .n_ots, "'hhin a few months after:
Page 423 and 424: sater method ot tree-killing close
Page 425 and 426: Material ~izone is a,mixedf~g.. t w
Page 427 and 428: 427 On November 16, 1961, at the en
Page 429 and 430: CHBMI-THINNINGWITH,AIrlINES IN THED
Page 431 and 432: These tests show once aaaiJithe nee
Page 433 and 434: Th:Ls ch!~ca1. tx'eatme:n1!_1IhClJ.
Page 435 and 436: : if.. . ' A Comparative Study of t
Page 437 and 438: 'j 437 petioles, now elongated,f'or
Page 439 and 440: Helisoma, Menetus, fhYSa andValvata
Page 441 and 442: i s. The benth1c populat1Q~ W¥", O
Page 443: 443 Eurasian. wa~lfoil a W8t.f~~ ap
Page 447 and 448: 447 . , , -. I':'V'est~a.ti
Page 449 and 450: FIELDOBSERVATIONS UPONESTUARINE ANI
Page 451 and 452: more than 2 feet. ExceptionalUdes s
Page 453 and 454: TABLE1. Responseof oysters t~ diffe
Page 455 and 456: In the'Dundee Creek series. ,one of
Page 457 and 458: workers. springer (1961) cite8& num
Page 459 and 460: OBSERVATIONSONTHE OCCURRENCE' ANDPE
Page 461 and 462: 461 TABLE! Chemical Water QuaU1?::r
Page 463 and 464: TABLEIII Threshold Taste and Odor C
Page 465 and 466: (1.1-) Burttschell, R.H. , et al.,
Page 467 and 468: Code A - seeded June 29 B - seeded
Page 469 and 470: SUIIIIJ~, ~ Conclusions 5' 469 The
Page 472 and 473: III. Average turf scores l' of thre
Page 474 and 475: 474 PIft'J'OTOXICBlFBQTS'QJe'CBRTAI
Page 476 and 477: 476 MERIONBLUEGBASS• T!BATANDsgD
Page 478 and 479: 478 In general. the treatments appl
Page 480 and 481: 4BJ days follow:lng the ohemical tr
Page 482 and 483: ') ') ' :_B!.ue~s•. Fescue au:l~"
Page 484 and 485: :". ',J P~E~ C!',. O~.C~G~S 'F.~HEM
Page 486 and 487: Lima and ferd'1izer applications sh
Page 488 and 489: 4es 1'.o~~1ty, ", .ewf!r''''rsenc.
Page 490 and 491: } ) Table 1. Besu):ta.Qf 1961 pre-e
Page 492 and 493: 492 corresponding plots on este.bl1
Page 494 and 495:
494 ae.u!s,'I!IIDi,cua.:Lon leUllll
Page 496 and 497:
496 D±!3pa,~n~ Resul te)I? .,l-ta,
Page 498 and 499:
498 1 . 1 J. E. Gallagher and n. J.
Page 500 and 501:
500 Da1;ejJ01 e~uations ~,a.;t'ollC
Page 502 and 503:
502 TADLEIt Comparison of "severalc
Page 504 and 505:
504 TADLE3: Pre-oemergence and poet
Page 506 and 507:
506 Table 1. Re8eeding Resulte:afit
Page 508 and 509:
5"8 d1propalin ortrifluralin 'at ':
Page 510 and 511:
510 aUlIPIl iri '-1: ' D" "" Diphen
Page 512 and 513:
Fall ve. spriif ~nts .. 'Ibe",obl1.
Page 514 and 515:
514 ~ Tab1e2. Cr&bgraS$'Contr01 in
Page 516 and 517:
516 ,';1:".i'"'f'!r": :~,j i: .. r
Page 518 and 519:
. ~lS residual cemtrol of crabgrssi
Page 520 and 521:
520 - . \.. ; ."," ,
Page 522 and 523:
5~2 'rab4t13.· ~gtnc. ·QGabtiol:o
Page 524 and 525:
524 PRE.._RGENCE AMU' POsT-EHERGENC
Page 526 and 527:
526 Table 1. 'l'a):lsra,. ContrO.k1
Page 528 and 529:
528 Pre- andpost ..emergejljCec:rab
Page 530 and 531:
530 Prior to each chemical applicat
Page 532 and 533:
u 532 3) Those trea.t,mellts which
Page 534 and 535:
Table I (Coot'd) 27. JSc.F,~iOe t$~
Page 536 and 537:
536 EXPERIMENTS ONTHECHOOCALCOIm'l)
Page 538 and 539:
~______ , 53S Table 1: Control of c
Page 540 and 541:
54' In a similar po st-ell1~rgence
Page 542:
542 da~hal and diphenatrile) at ear
Page 545 and 546:
.. ";' -:' il; JT!.: .'\ i~'J" ; ~J
Page 547 and 548:
541 Distr:tbution of radioacti~tl t
Page 549 and 550:
549 •RESULTS The distribution of
Page 551 and 552:
GRAPHII: Comparison of the~.tl;'i~u
Page 553:
"-...-.. J.4 The distribution of r~
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Vol. 16â1962 - NorthEastern Weed Science Society