Middle East DVEP - Armed Forces Pest Management Board

Appendix H: Glossaryacaricide - a chemical substance used to kill ticks and mites.anaphylaxis - an unusual and severe allergic reaction of an organism to a foreign proteinor other substances.adulticide - insecticides used to kill the adult stages of an insect.anthropophilic - the preference of insects and other arthropods to suck blood fromhumans rather than from animals.autochthonous - transmission of a disease in the place where the disease occurred.autogenous - not requiring a bloodmeal to produce eggs.biotope - a habitat characterized by environmental conditions and its community ofanimals and plants.case fatality rate - the percentage of persons diagnosed as having a specific disease whodie as a result of that illness within a given period.cercaria (pl. cercariae) - free-living stage in the life cycle of Schistosoma that emergesfrom snails and infects vertebrate hosts.chelicerae - a pair of appendages used as mouthparts in arachnids such as scorpions,spiders, and ticks.chemoprophylaxis - the administration of a chemical to prevent the development of aninfection or the progression of an infection to active disease.commensal - living in close association with another organism.crepuscular - the twilight periods of light at dusk and dawn.diapause - a period of arrested development and reduced metabolic rate, during whichgrowth and metamorphosis cease.diurnal - activities occurring during the daytime.ectoparasite - a parasite that lives on the exterior of its host.endemic - the constant presence of a disease or infection within a given geographic area.endophilic - the tendency of arthropods to enter human structures.enzootic - a disease that primarily infects animals and is present in an animal communityat all times.epidemic - the occurrence of cases of an illness (or an outbreak) that is clearly in excess ofnormal expectancy.epizootic - an outbreak of a disease within an animal population.exophilic - the tendency of blood-sucking arthropods to feed and rest outdoors.family - a group of related genera.facultative - not obligatory; characterized by the ability to adjust to circumstances.focus (pl. foci) - a specific localized area.genus (pl. genera) - a group of closely related species.incidence - the number of new cases of a specific disease occurring during a certain periodof time.incubation period - the time interval between initial contact with an infectious agent andthe first appearance of symptoms associated with the infection.inapparent infection - the presence of infection in a host without clinical symptoms.indigenous - living or occurring naturally in a particular environmentinstar - an insect between successive molts.larva (pl. larvae) - the immature stage, between the egg and pupa of an insect, or the sixlegged,prenymphal immature stage of acarines.larvicide - insecticides used to kill larvae or immature stages of an insect.203