Middle East DVEP - Armed Forces Pest Management Board

larviparous - insects that deposit larvae rather than eggs on a host, food source, or othersubstrate.maggot - legless larva of flies (Diptera).mechanical transmission - the vector transmits the pathogen on contaminatedmouthparts, legs, or other body parts, or by passage through the digestive tract withoutchange.miracidium (pl. miracidia) - ciliated, first larval stage in the life cycle of Schistosomathat penetrates and infects a snail, undergoing further development in the snail.molluscicide - a chemical substance used for the destruction of snails and other molluscs.myiasis - the invasion of human tissues by fly larvae.night soil - human excrement used as fertilizer.nosocomial - originating in a hospital or medical treatment facility.nymph - an immature stage of an insect that does not have a pupal stage, or an eightleggedimmature tick or mite.obligate - necessary or compulsory; characterized by the ability to survive only in aparticular environment.pandemic - a widespread epidemic disease distributed throughout a region or continent.periurban - relating to an area immediately surrounding a city or town.prevalence - the total number of cases of a disease in existence at a certain time in adesignated area.pupa (pl. pupae) - a nonfeeding and usually inactive stage between the larval and adultstage.quest (questing) - the behavior of ticks waiting in search of a passing host.reservoir - any animal, plant or substance in which an infectious agent survives andmultiplies.rodenticide - a chemical substance used to kill rodents, generally through ingestion.ruminants - relating to a group of even-toed mammals such as sheep, goats and camelsthat chew the cud and have a complex stomach.sequelae - any aftereffects of disease.species complex - a group of closely related species, the taxonomic relationships of whichare sometimes unclear, making individual species identification difficult.synergist - a chemical that may have little or no toxicity in itself but, when combined witha pesticide, greatly increases the pesticide’s effectiveness.steppe - a vast, arid and treeless tract found in southeastern Europe or Asia.transovarial transmission - passage of a pathogen through the ovary to the nextgeneration .transstadial transmission - passage of a pathogen from one stage of development toanother after molting.ultra low volume (ULV) - the mechanical dispersal of concentrated insecticides inaerosols of extremely small droplets that drift with air currents.urticaria - a reaction of the skin marked by the appearance of smooth, slightly elevatedpatches (wheals) that are redder or paler than the surrounding skin and often associatedwith severe itching.vesicant - a blistering agent.virulence - the degree of pathogenicity of an infectious agent.wadi - a valley or bed of a stream in regions of southwest Asia and northern Africa that isdry except during the rainy season.xerophilic – tolerant of dry environments.204