Middle East DVEP - Armed Forces Pest Management Board

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zoonosis - An infectious disease of animals transmissible under natural conditions fromnonhumans to humans.zoophilic - the preference of insects and other arthropods to feed on animals other than humans.205
A. Primary SitesAppendix IInternet Websites on Medical Entomology and Vector-borne Diseases1. Emerging diseases website, with current information on disease outbreaks.2. Iowa State University’s comprehensive site on medical entomology with excellentinformation on links to over 20 additional sites.3. WHO disease outbreak information – emerging and communicable disease informationfrom the WHO and its databases. The tropical medicine databases are the most usefulfor vector-borne diseases. Access can also be obtained to the Weekly EpidemiologicalRecord.4. The Walter Reed Biosystematic Unit’s online information regarding taxonomic keys,diseases transmitted by mosquitoes, and mosquito identification modules.5. Centers for Disease Control – information on the CDC’s travel alerts, including accessto country health profiles, vaccine recommendations, State Department entryrequirements, and publications.6. Search the National Library of Medicine’s biomedical databases, especially Medline.Provides complete references and abstracts to more than 9 million journal articles frombiomedical publications. 7. The Malaria Foundation International’s site for general resources on malaria availablethrough the worldwide web. Includes references, malaria advisories, and lists of othermalaria websites.8. The WHO site for information on vectorborne diseases, including disease distribution,information on disease outbreaks, travel alerts, WHO research programs, and progresson control.9. The CDC’s site on information available on encephalitis, as published in the Morbidityand Mortality Weekly Report. Includes case definition and disease outbreakinformation.10. Information from the University of Florida’s website on mosquitoes and other biting206
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1. Table of ContentsI. Preface.....
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IX.Selected ReferencesA. Military P
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and spills have polluted sea- and l
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Sand fly fever is the most widespre
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VENOMOUS ANIMALSThere are 31 specie
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Middle East11
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leptospires, various bacteria and i
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Bandar Abbas (elevation 10 m)Mean D
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a wide variety of human pathogens.
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The Jordan Valley area is part of t
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still numerous sites where waste di
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highlands (445 m elevation) are sim
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ocky central plateau, the Nejd, whi
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MONTH J F M A M J J A S O N DMaximu
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known as the Liwa, form an arc alon
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___________________________________
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Table 1. Drug-Resistant Falciparum
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Saudi Arabia: Malaria occurs in the
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General Bionomics. Female anophelin
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host with the body nearly perpendic
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crevices, leaf litter, or moist tre
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All dengue serotypes are now endemi
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period immediately following it (19
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Military Impact and Historical Pers
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on camels, pigs, dogs, donkeys, hum
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CCHF virus loses infectivity shortl
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that usually is associated with cat
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and sheep, although immature stages
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Haemaphysalis punctata is also wide
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The risk of transmission is seasona
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from bites of infected fleas in sou
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and then only while they are on the
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Culex pipiens pipiens occurs throug
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human morbidity in areas of norther
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mortality in calves and lambs and a
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109
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human and animal structures. Abando
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hospitalized 2,088 patients with sc
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Oman: Recognized foci of intestinal
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Female worms can deposit from 300 t
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Cercariae are killed by exposure fo
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123
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personnel moving into an endemic ar
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The biology of the Cx. pipiens comp
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Depending on the stage of developme
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higher in the Balkans. Convalescenc
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Scabies mites are very small, about
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exude serum, itch for several days,
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Eastern countries, including Cyprus
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also become attached to the cocoon
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sites of attack, and a favorite sit
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In the Middle East, the family Elap
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Table 2a. continuedBahrain Cyprus I
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Table 3. Plants That Cause Contact
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IX. Selected References.A. Military
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Bruce-Chwatt, L. J. 1985. In Essent
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Jacobson, R.L., Y. Schlein and E.R.
Page 158 and 159: Oldfield, E.C. III, M.R. Wallace, K
Page 160 and 161: Appendix A. Arthropod Species and t
Page 162 and 163: A.1. Mosquitoes continuedBahrain Cy
Page 164 and 165: A.2. Reported Distribution of Sand
Page 166 and 167: A.2. Sand flies continuedBahrain Cy
Page 168 and 169: A.3. Ticks continuedIXODIDAEBahrain
Page 170 and 171: A.3. Ticks continuedBahrain Cyprus
Page 172 and 173: A.4. Fleas continuedBahrain Cyprus
Page 174 and 175: A.4. Fleas continuedHYSTRICHOPSYLLI
Page 180 and 181: A.5. Reported Distribution of Scorp
Page 182 and 183: A.5. Scorpions continuedBahrain Cyp
Page 184 and 185: Appendix B. Vector Ecology Profiles
Page 186 and 187: Appendix B.2. Vector Ecology Profil
Page 188 and 189: B.2. Ticks continuedSpecies Geograp
Page 190 and 191: In recent years, synthetic pyrethro
Page 192 and 193: Published Reports of Insecticide Re
Page 194 and 195: Turkey.Calgar, S.S. 1991. An invest
Page 196 and 197: Appendix ESelected List of Identifi
Page 198 and 199: MammaliaHarrison, D.L. and P.J.J. B
Page 200 and 201: Appendix F: Personal Protective Mea
Page 202 and 203: Appendix GBioscience and State Depa
Page 204 and 205: 8. Kuwait9. Lebanon10. Oman11. Qata
Page 206 and 207: Appendix H: Glossaryacaricide - a c
Page 210 and 211: flies.11. Information on ticks and
Page 212: APPENDIX J METRIC CONVERSION TABLEM
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Middle East DVEP - Armed Forces Pest Management Board

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