Mitigation and Remedy of Groundwater Arsenic Menace in India

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6.4 Experiences during Arsenic Removal Technology……………….........…………. 118Evaluation in Technology Park6.5 Alternate approach for ensuring supply of arsenic-free water …….........…………. 1206.6 Summary.............…………………………………………………………………..122Chapter-7: Work Ahead: Critical Concerns and Key Challenges ……125-1387.1 Unfinished Agenda …………………………………………………………. 1257.2 Critical Concerns …………………………………………………………. 1267.2.1 National Standard for Arsenic in Drinking Water ……………………………….. 1267.2.2 Identification of Contaminated Sources and Creation of District,Block and Village Level Database: Key Challenges……………………………... 1287.2.2.1 Field Testing Kit vis-à-vis Network of Laboratory …………………....………..... 1287.2.3 Provision of Arsenic Safe Water to the Community:The Key Challenge of Sustainability…………………………………………….... 1297.3 Existing Knowledge Gaps ............…………………………………………………. 1307.3.1 Health Impact: Scientific Health Risk Assessment andRational Estimation of Disease Burden…….……………………………………..1307.3.2 Arsenic Contamination in Agriculture: A Threat to Water- Soil- Crop - Animal - Human Continuum....………………....………………......1327.4 Critical Needs for Research and Capacity Building…….........………….................1357.5 Technology Options: Critical Constraints and limiting factors ……………….1357.6 Key Factors Impeding the Progress of MitigatoryProgrammes in the Arsenic Affected States……....……………….………........... 1367.7 Establishing a Transparent System of Information sharingby all Stakeholders........ …………………………………………………………...137Chapter- 8: Roadmap for Achieving Envisaged Targets ………………139-1568.1 Important Milestones …………………………………………………………. 1398.1.1 Emerging R & D Activities ………………………………………………………… 1408.1.2 Ensuring Arsenic Free Water …………………………………………………….. 1448.1.3 Capacity Building and Social Empowerment …………………………………… 1458.1.4 Revision of the National Standard for Arsenic in drinking water……………... 1478.2 Approaches for Achieving Milestones ……………………………………….. 1478.2.1 Bharat Nirman (2005-2009) ………………………………………………………. 1488.2.2 Accelerated Rural Water Supply Programme (ARWSP) & PrimeMinister's Gramodaya Yojana (PMGY) - Rural Drinking Water……………….1488.2.3 National Rural Employment Guarantee Act-2005 (NREGA)……………………1498.3 Operational Framework ………………………………………………………. 1508.4 Mechanisms for Implementation of Envisaged Activities …………………..152xiii
Chapter - 9 : Financial Requirement............…………………………………….157-1629.1 General …………………………………………………………………...……1579.2 Distribution of Financial Allocations under Different Schemes…….......................1619.2.1 Distribution of Financial allocation between the CentralGovernment and the respective State Governments…….........………….161Chapter-10 : Mission Management and Time Frame ………………… 163-16610.1 Mission Management …………………………………………………………. 16310.2 Time Frame …………………………………………………………………. 164REFERENCES …………………………………………………………… 167CONTRIBUTORS ………………………………………………………………… 180ANNEXURE ..…………………………………………………………… 180-184xiv
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Mitigation and Remedy of Groundwater Arsenic Menace in India

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