Mitigation and Remedy of Groundwater Arsenic Menace in India

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Mitigation and Remedy of Groundwater Arsenic Menace in India : A Vision DocumentHORIZONTAL SCALE KARNAMIPUR0 1.5 3.0 KM.0VERTICAL SCALE4080120160200 M.BRAHMPURAquifer Group IAquifer Group IIBHARAULISHAHPURNARGADANARAYANPURAquifer Group IAquifer Group IIPAHARPURAMRAHINAWADALEGENDClay, Sandy-clay, Silty ClayFine to medium sand withoccasional sand layers.Coarse to very coarse sandwith occasional gravel beds.Figure 4.7 : Lithological formations of the arsenic affected areas.4.2.1 Schemes Initiated on Remedial measuresAs counteractive and precautionary measures, against the probable threats emerged outfrom the groundwater arsenic menace, the Public Health Engineering Department (PHED),Govt. of Bihar, has implemented the following schemes:(i)(ii)(iii)(iv)(v)Open dug wells, located in the arsenic affected areas, had been cleaned and put intooperation for the villagers. The dug well water is free from arsenic contamination andacceptable to the people as those are the age old abstraction structure. Nearly, 186 newwells have been constructed and fitted with India Mark III hand pumps. In addition tothat, construction of sanitary wells in 133 schools is in progress.Twenty rain water harvesting structures have been constructed in different schools inthe arsenic affected areas.PHED has planned to install arsenic removal plants in 700 schools with two filters ineach school to supply arsenic free groundwater after treatment,PHED has taken up the task to construct hand pumps to tap arsenic-free deep aquifer,with provision of 5 hand pumps, in each of the arsenic affected areas.Deep tube wells, tapping arsenic free deeper aquifer for community based piped waterLsupply scheme, has been installed in the Semaria Ojhapatti village, Bhojpur district.NIH & CGWB 73
Mitigation and Remediation Update from West Bengal and Bihar : Studies and Projects Initiated(vi) A number of surface water based pipe water supply schemes are under construction.These schemes will have their intake from the Ganga River with multi-village supply.The schemes are at:a) Mauzanpur, Bhojpur district, covering 39 villages,b) One in Bidupur in Vaishali district; and one in Simri block in Buxar district for whichwork is about to start,c) One each in Mohiuddinnagar and Mohanpur blocks in Samastipur district; one each inKahalgaon and Pirpainti blocks in Bhagalpur district; and one each in Sultanagalganj andNathnagar blocks in Bhagalpur district; one each in Matihani, Begusarai and Barauniblocks in Begusarai district, are in final stage of implementation.In order to identify and assess the potentiality of deeper aquifers and their sensitivitytowards overlain contaminated shallow aquifer, CGWB-MER, Patna, has carried out the task ofexploration through drilling in the affected districts. Twenty deep tube wells, in different locationsin 6 districts, have been constructed with proper sealing to prevent any vertical percolation ofcontaminated water from the overlain aquifer. These tube wells have been handed over toPHED for use as groundwater production well. These wells are as given in Table-4.3.Table-4.3: Arsenic-free exploratory well constructed by CGWB-MER, Patna in different placesin Bihar as on 31st March 2009.Sl. Location District Sl. LocationDistrictno.no.1 Barisban12 Barh2 Shahpur 13 GyaspurPatna3 Paharpur 14 Maner4 Nargada Narayanpur 15 Madudabad5 Bharauli Bhojpur 16 Vidyapati Nagar6 Karnamipur 17 Kancha Samastipur7 Amrahi Nawada 18 Shahpur Patori8 Arjurnpur 19 Gangajal20 SitabdiaraSaran9 Brahmpur Buxar Narapur Begusarai10 Churawanpur4.2.2 Social Responses and ImpactsDue to lack of awareness about the ill effects of consuming arsenic contaminated groundwater,on the one hand, and unknowingly and compellingly (because of no other option) , on theother, the rural people in the arsenic affected areas are continually using arsenic contaminatedgroundwater. Nevertheless, due to some spiritual notions, rural people are in normal habit of74NIH & CGWB
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTThe Government of In
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nearly 33 villages in 4 districts i
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(iii) Whether ex-situ removal techn
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6.4 Experiences during Arsenic Remo
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List of FiguresFigure no. Figure ca
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List of TablesTable no. Table Capti
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Mitigation and Remedy of Groundwate
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Mitigation and Remedy of Groundwater Arsenic Menace in India

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