Planning education to care for the earth - IUCN Knowledge Network

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Communication in support of protected areasPhase 1: Gazetting and administrative preparationIn this phase a national overview of the important conservation areas isdefined. Government agencies need to be notified of conservation interest inthe area at the national regional and local levels. These include ministries ordepartments involved in forestry, tourism, agriculture, mining and energy,regional development, industry, public works, defence and so forth at thenational level. In addition regional (there are 27 regions) and local agenciesin planning, forestry, and population and environment need to be approachedto approve the proposal and support its implementation. As a measure ofhow much has to be organized and kept track of in this agenda settingexercise, the principle agencies and their roles need to be listed. If theresponsibilities of each agency are understood, the benefits of the protectedarea to that agency can be highlighted in presentations or communication tothem. Non government organizations, representing various communityinterests are also involved in agreeing on the areas to be conserved and todetermining acceptable boundaries. Once agreement is obtained and theboundaries defined, the proposed protected area is submitted for ministerialdecree.The role of communication in this process is to inform and consult with allgovernment agencies, by both formal and informal means. At the local level,awareness raising amongst local politicians about the proposal for aprotected area can be used to build community support. Other local actorsdirectly involved in the protected area process are provided with simpleexplanations about the gazetting mission.The education/ communication activities include personal visits, surveys oflocal knowledge, attitudes and practices, establishment of contact withNGOs and community-based organizations (CBOs), the distribution of basicinformation on the environment and protected areas, and regular briefings,interviews and meetings with interest groups.Phase 2 : Developing a management planOnce an area has been declared protected, a detailed management plan has tobe finalized, in which threats to the area and the aims of conservation aredescribed. The park management, equipped with a detailed analysis ofthreats and opportunities and a clear picture of groups with a direct orindirect interest is ready to formulate objectives. Instruments to support theconservation of the area such as the provision of subsidies, incomegeneratingsub-programmes, zoning systems and licensing based onenvironmental impact assessments are developed. The most effective mix ofpolicy instruments has then to be established and local legislation may berequired. Community leaders and CBOs have to be involved in the design ofa zoning plan. Education/ communication advisors are essential in all theseparticipatory activities.During this phase surveys of the knowledge, practices and attitudes of thelocal population and users of the area provide a basis for understanding how89
Planning education to care for the earthTable 1. Role of communication in phases of Protected Area SystemPlanning, (adapted from Winsemius, 1986)Park ManagementPhaseMethods of communication1: Gazetting & • personal visitspreparation • qualitative knowledge/attitude/practice (‘KAP’)surveys• establishing contact with NGOs and CBOs• basic information material on environment and• protected areas• regular briefings/interviews and meetings withinterest groups2: Composing • quantitative knowledge/attitude/practicemanagement plan (‘KAP’) surveys• integrating communication in the mix of policyinstruments• design of communication strategy• informative extension/communication(to disclose issues and policy options) tothose who will get involved3: Implementing • communication to raise awareness ofmanagement plan conservation issues among key-sectors of thelocal population• informing groups on the use of othermanagement instruments (new legislation,subsidies,alternative technology etc)• ex-ante evaluation through qualitativeresearch4: Maintaining & • public informationcontrol• regular option/attitude surveys (since agelinked target groups slowly will be replacedby younger generations)90
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Planning educationto care for the e
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IUCN - The World Conservation Union
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Published by:IUCN, Gland, Switzerla
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Planning education to care for the
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ForewordMy introduction to IUCN - T
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Pllanning education to care for the
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Influences on pro-environmental pra
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Influences on pro-environmental pra
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Behaviour, social marketing and the
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Social marketing• Perceived benef
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Social marketingnew behaviours. The
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Social marketingchecklist of such d
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Social marketingThe recycling conta
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Social marketing2. Listen to the pe
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A basis for environmental education
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Basis for EE in the Sahelinstitutio
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Basis for EE in the SahelThe stages
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Basis for EE in the SahelCommentsIt
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Communication: an instrument of env
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Communication: an instrument of pol
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Planning education to care for the earth - IUCN Knowledge Network

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