Section Days abstract book 2010.indd - RUB Research School ...

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It is intuitively obvious that a better educated population, a better infrastructure or higher quality institutions may result in higher GDP per capita growth. But one cannot rule out reverse causality, that is, that as countries get richer, e.g., as measured by GDP per capita growth, they invest more in education and infrastructure and experience an improvement in the quality of institutions. In econometric terms, such a situation is called an endogeneity problem, which is, to say the least, unfavourable for econometric analyses. Normally, in econometric modelling one would look for a situation with one variable of interest and then explain differences in that variable across countries and time using a set of explanatory variables that are independent of the variable of interest. But in our case, most of the control variables are very likely to be endogenous, including trade and unfortunately also the areas of top priority for the AfT Agenda, such as education, infrastructure, and institutions. Obviously, the indirect effects through trade of the AfT agenda are then also endogenous. The Aid for Trade variables, the trade variable as well as some of our control variables not only influence the dependent variable, but are also influenced by the development of per capita growth over time. As a result, it is difficult to disentangle cause and effect for these crucial variables. Because standard econometric techniques would lead to biased results and cast doubts on reliability, a more sophisticated estimation approach is called for. Consequently, we use a dynamic Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) panel estimator (system-GMM) that allows us to analyze changes across countries and over time (panel analysis). The estimator deals effectively with the endogeneity problem by using a set of instruments for the endogenous variables. In fact, it uses lagged levels and differences between two periods as instruments for current values of the endogenous variable. This approach ensures that all information will be used efficiently and that we can concentrate on the impact of the explanatory variables on GDP per capita growth and not vice versa. Overall, we find that education and institutions are the most important areas. More specifically, we find strong results for primary and secondary education (rather than tertiary education) and for political institutions, proxied by constraints on the political executive of a country. In fact, these results underline the fact that countries have to have a well educated workforce and high quality institutions if they are to maximise the benefits from trade. For the third area, the (physical) infrastructure, proxied by the number of telephone lines, the network of paved roads or railways, and the power generating capacity, we did not find any significant results. However these results should be treated with caution, as it is quite difficult to find an adequate measure of both the quality and quantity of infrastructure. The indicators we have used only record the existence of infrastructure, but not their quality or the extent of their usage.
INTERNATIONAL TRADE AND GLOBAL POWER SHIFT Jan-Frederik Kremer Institute of Development <strong>Research</strong> and Development Policy (IEE), PhD International Development Studies; Ruhr-Universität Bochum, 44780 Bochum, Germany Center for Global Studies, University of Bonn, Head of <strong>Research</strong> Group Economy and Finance, Walter-Flex-St. 3, Bonn, Germany e-mail: jan-frederik.kremer@rub.de e-mail: kremer@cgs-bonn.de The study of ‘power’ is probably among the most arduous tasks in the realm of IR; defining power “remains a matter of controversy” (Waltz 1986: 333). Especially when it comes to explain power shift in contemporary world politics existing concepts of power in political science (hard and soft power) are shortcoming (Nye / Keohane: 2001, Keohane: 2003), either because of the fact that existing concepts are lacking at the level of operationalization (soft power), or because of the act that existing approaches (hard power) are no longer suitable to explain the whole range of empirical power phenomena in 21st century international relations, characterized by global interdependence and a setting of mutual integration of actors. International trade is maybe the most interdependent sector of international relations, characterized by mutual dependence of the states involved. By looking at hard or soft power capabilities, power shift in international trading system can only be explained in rudimentary ways. This project is going to address this problems, by focusing on the policy of three most important trading entities (the U.S., EU and China), in contemporary world politics accounting for approx. 33% of total global share in trade (WTO: Trade Statistics, Bonn Power Shift Monitor: 2010), and tries… 1. …to investigate the ontological character of the structure of the international trading system in terms of the relationship between structure, units and political power. 2. …to investigate the ontology of power within this relationship and to answer the question how does power works in the sector and through which transmissions channels it is exercised and to conceptualize sector relevant power capabilities for this sector and developing appropriate indicators. 3. …to identify sector relevant power capabilities of the “big three” in international trade (EU, US, China). 4. …to answer the question under which conditions these sector relevant power capabilities transmits successfully into the ability of one state to achieve its preferences and to shape the structure in the case of the “big three”.
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Section Days 2010 November 3 Natura
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Humanities and Social Sciences (Nov
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Programme Section Days 2010 Novembe
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Friday November 5, 2009: Humanities
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Abstracts
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NSE_01 A-SI:H/A-C:H MULTILAYER AS E
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NSE_03 DYNAMIC QOS PROVISIONING BAS
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NSE_05 SIMULATION OF FLUIDIZED BEDS
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NSE_07 KEMIEPLUS - A CHEMISTRY PROJ
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NSE_09 MODULAR CHEMICAL PLANT Stefa
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NSE_11 PROBING THE DEPTH OF THE SKI
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NSE_13 THE MULTIPOLE RESONANCE PROB
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NSE_15 HMDSO / O2 ATMOSPHERIC PRESS
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NSE_17 CALIBRATING THE ELECTROMAGNE
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NSE_19 OPTIMAL MEMORY MANAGEMENT FO
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NSE_21 INTERFACIAL Cu /ZnO CONTACT
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NSE_23 MICROBIOLOGICAL AND PLASMA P
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NSE_25 TOWARDS A MULTI-SCALE MODEL
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Life Sciences
Page 39 and 40: LS_2 The effect of synthetic sandal
Page 41 and 42: LS_4 Evaluation of differences in d
Page 43 and 44: LS_6 RNA-BASED TEMPERATURE SENSING
Page 45 and 46: LS_8 Functional role of Vav3 for th
Page 47 and 48: LS_10 Investigations on the role of
Page 49 and 50: LS_12 Neuroprotective autoimmunity:
Page 51 and 52: LS_14 Investigation on the mechanis
Page 53 and 54: LS_16 AUXILIARY SUBUNITS OF CALCIUM
Page 55 and 56: LS_18 LASTING EFFECTS OF A SINGLE M
Page 57 and 58: LS_20 Effects of acute amyloid-beta
Page 59 and 60: HSS_01 WATER PRICING AND EXTERNALIT
Page 61 and 62: THE CATHOLIC CHURCH AND THE PRESS A
Page 63 and 64: HSS_03 ASSOCIATION BETWEEN FUNCTION
Page 65 and 66: HSS_04 DAS 'AUDIOVIDUUM' EINE DISKU
Page 67 and 68: References: Kaplan, E. Ann (2001):
Page 69 and 70: Vor dem Hintergrund eines ressource
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Page 73 and 74: Nelting, David (2010): „‚Un gio
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Page 77 and 78: FINANCIAL RISK AND RESPONSIBILITY S
Page 79 and 80: THE IMPACT OF AID FOR TRADE FACILIT
Page 81 and 82: Martinez-Zarzoso, Inmaculada, Eva M
Page 83 and 84: CROSSCUTTING RELIGION A SURVEY OF R
Page 85 and 86: SPANISCHE UND DEUTSCHE CHATS IM VER
Page 87 and 88: THE RELEVANCE OF METAPHOR TO EVERY
Page 89: PREMISES OF AID FOR TRADE Jens Kön
Page 93 and 94: RELATIONS BETWEEN BUDDHISM AND POLI
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Page 103 and 104: Results: Out of 1,627 analysed pati
Page 105 and 106: EINE GEMEINDE VON ABWESENDEN? RELIG
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Page 109 and 110: HSS_09 AETHERMAGIC. THE BROADCAST W
Page 111 and 112: THE IMPACT OF NATURAL RESOURCE ABUN
Page 113 and 114: Delikatesse der Empfindung setzt Le
Page 115 and 116: PEDAGOGICAL INNOVATICS AS A NEW BRA
Page 117 and 118: the ―emergence of multilevel syst
Page 119 and 120: HSS_12 VOM COMIC ZUM FILM - (RE)MED
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Page 125 and 126: DIE AUSEINANDERSETZUNG MIT DEM APAR
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Page 133 and 134: HSS_14 THE SOCIO-ECONOMIC IMPACT OF
Page 135 and 136: Participants
Page 137 and 138: Life Sciences Name Abstract Poster
Page 139: Tobias Starzak tobias.starzak@rub.d
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