132 KEVIN E. KELLYLugosi, convinced the tide was finally turning in his favor, directed hisattention to The Final Curtain and was reading the script in his apartmentwhen he quietly died on August 16, 1956. Ironically, Wood found the backingto make his film, but used the money and Lugosi footage - as was his habit -to craft an entirely different production. Finally finding a distributor for whathe considered his magnum opus, Wood released Plan 9 from Outer Space (theoriginal title was Graverobbers from Outer Space) in 1959. It went on to beuniversally regarded as the worst movie ever made. 77 Billed as "the great BelaLugosi's last performance," Lugosi's participation in Plan 9 is limited to theold silent footage of his lurking in and out of a doorway and a cemetery, whilean all-too-obvious double with a cape drawn over his face completed the otherscenes. {The Final Curtain would be filmed with another actor in the roleintended for Lugosi. Unable to sell it, Wood again cannibalized its footage foranother one of his films, 1958's Night of the Ghouls.) 18To those who had followed the last years of his life, it was perhaps fittingthat Lugosi was buried in his Dracula costume, for in death his true characterand the screen persona he cultivated became one. And others thought that thedownward spiral of his career, ending with his final "appearance" in an EdWood film, was the inevitable result of missed opportunities and unwisedecisions. As a dedicated actor whose only goal was to continue working inthe profession that had sustained him since Hungary, it did not matter toLugosi what he did, so long as he was working. And in the years to follow,Lugosi's career would be assessed not critically, but with appreciation anddevotion from a rising number of fans who enjoyed his emoting in thedarkened auditoriums of American and overseas theaters.One year after Lugosi's death, a package of classic horror films, includinghis major performances in Dracula and opposite Karloff, were sold totelevision stations as Shock Theater. Unexpectedly, an entirely new audience ofyoungsters - and more than a few adults - reveled in the well-crafted thrills tobe found in each movie. Film magazines entered the market catering directlyto that interest, and while the facts were not always straight - serious filmscholarship of Lugosi's and KarlofPs careers would not gain any legitimacyuntil the latter 1960s - they fed the growing interest about the man who wasDracula. The disappointments, the slights, and the awful movies that plaguedLugosi were forgotten, and retrospectives of his unique position in Americanfilm appreciated what Gary Collins called "the larger-than-life quality whichwas very much in keeping with the basic spirit of the films themselves." 79Although the "fanzines" kept readers "informed" with numerous accurateand sometimes blatantly incorrect accounts of his life and career, the 1970s sawtwo full-length biographies of Lugosi published. 80 Even Ed Wood, reduced in
LUGOSI IN HOLLYWOOD 133his last years to writing and directing pornography, was working on a memoirof his relationship with the man with whom he had worked so closely, spurrednot so much by Lennig's work being the first to hit the bookstores, but theauthor's hostile reaction to Wood's films. 81 (Robert Cremer, another Lugosibiographer, noted that he had done several interviews with the frequentlyinebriatedWood for his book in the 1970s. On what was to be their lastmeeting, Wood apparently became violent over Cremer's progress, "becausehe felt he was the person who should be writing it." Wood's manuscript onhis years with Lugosi was lost after his death.) 82Béla Lugosi, a Hungarian expatriate whose talents were not appreciated inhis new country during his lifetime, eventually rose above the short-lived"movie star" label to become an indelible icon in film history. Perhaps, in hisown emotional manner when he organized his fellow actors in Budapest in1919, he was being prophetic when he claimed that "martyrdom was the pricefor the enthusiasm of acting."<strong>No</strong>tes<strong>1.</strong> Voodoo Man (Monogram Pictures, 1944), screenplay by Robert Charles; quoted in Kevin E.Kelly, "The American Horror Film," unpublished mss., 1974, 70; also in Arthur Lennig, TheCount: The Life and Times of Bêla 'Dracula' Lugosi (New York: G. P. Putnam's Sons, 1974),266, hereafter referred to as Lennig.2. Gary Collins, "The Meanest Man in the Movies," in Ted Sennett (ed.), The Movie Buff's Book(New York: Pyramic Books, 1975), 20.3. Harry Ludlam, A Biography of Dracula: The Life Story of Br am Stoker (London: W.Foulsham & Co., 1962), 175, quoted in Lennig, 297.4. Lennig, 35.5. Lennig, 25-30; also Raymond T. McNally and Radu Florescu, In Search of Dracula: A TrueHistory of Dracula and Vampire Legends (New York: Warner Paperback Library, 1973), 160.6. Lennig, 29-30.7. Lennig, 3<strong>1.</strong>8. Lennig, 33-34.9. Lennig, 35-36.10. Lennig, 37.<strong>1<strong>1.</strong></strong> Lennig, 39^2.12. Carlos Clarens, An Illustrated History of the Horror Film (NewYork: Capricorn Books, 1968), 62.13. Lennig, 38.14. Béla Lugosi, "History of the Formation of Our Trade Union," Színészek Lapja, May 1, 1919,quoted in Lennig, 43.15. Lennig, 43-44.16. Béla Lugosi, "Love the Actor," Színészek Lapja, May 15, 1919, quoted in Lennig, 45.17. Lennig, 44.18. Unidentified short subject interview, circa 1933.
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