Mechanisms of aluminium neurotoxicity in oxidative stress-induced ...

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REFERENCES Nair V. D., McNaught K., St P, González-Maeso J., Sealfon S. and Olanow C. W. (2006) p53 222 mediates non-transcriptional cell death in dopaminergic cells in response to proteasome inhibitors. J. Biol. Chem. 281, 39550–39560. Narendra D., Tanaka A., Suen D. F. and Youle R. J. (2008) Parkin is recruited selectively to impaired mitochondria and promotes their autophagy. J. Cell Biol. 183, 795–803. Nayak P. and Chatterjee A. K. (2003) Dietary protein restriction causes modification in aluminum-induced alteration in glutamate and GABA system of rat brain. BMC Neurosci. 4, 4–11. Nehru B. and Anand P. (2005) Oxidative damage following chronic aluminium exposure in adult and pup rat brains. J. Trace Elem. Med. Biol. 19, 203–208. Ngim C.H. and Devathasan G. (1989) Epidemiologic study on the association between body burden mercury level and idiopathic Parkinson's disease. Neuroepidemiology 8, 128–1241. Nicklas W. J., Vyas I. and Heikkila R. E. (1985) Inhibition of NADH-linked oxidation in brain mitochondria by 1-methyl-4-phenyl-pyridine, a metabolite of the neurotoxin, 1-methyl-4- phenyl-1,2,5,6-tetrahydropyridine. Life Sci. 36, 2503–2508. Nieboer E., Gibson B. L., Oxman A. D. and Kramer J. R. (1995) Health effects of aluminum: a critical review with emphasis on aluminum in drinking water. Environ. Rev. 3, 29–81. Niu P. Y., Niu Q., Zhang Q. L., Wang L. P., He S. E., Wu T. C., Conti P., Di Gioacchino M. and Boscolo P. (2005) Aluminum impairs rat neural cell mitochondria in vitro. Int. J. Immunopathol Pharmacol. 18, 683–689. Nostrandt A. C., Shafer T. J., Mundy W. R. and Padilla S. (1996) Inhibition of rat brain phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase C by aluminum: regional differences, interactions with aluminum salts, and mechanisms. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 136, 118– 125.
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Universidade de Santiago de Compost
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Don Ramón Soto Otero y Doña Estef
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Acknowledgements The work of this t
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Abbreviations AA ascorbic acid AD A
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Abbreviations (continuation) PCC pr
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List of figures (continuation) Chap
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TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION ....
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CHAPTER 3 Brain oxidative stress an
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INTRODUCTION PARKINSON’S DISEASE
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INTRODUCTION PD is found in all eth
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Bradykinesia INTRODUCTION Bradykine
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INTRODUCTION predate the occurrence
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Table 1: Differential diagnostic in
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INTRODUCTION Table 3: National Inst
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Figure 4: Dopamine catabolism (Mén
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The basal ganglia INTRODUCTION The
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The death of SNpc DAergic neurons I
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INTRODUCTION the dorsomedial part o
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INTRODUCTION characterized as are l
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INTRODUCTION (Olanow et al. 2004).
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Etiology and pathogenesis of PD INT
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Ageing INTRODUCTION Ageing remains
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INTRODUCTION The finding of MPTP to
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INTRODUCTION may clarify why many n
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Misfolding and aggregation of prote
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INTRODUCTION (E3) (Figure 18A). Los
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INTRODUCTION in connection with Par
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INTRODUCTION Oxidative damage happe
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DA metabolism as a source of ROS IN
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Contribution of oxidative and nitro
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Excitotoxicity INTRODUCTION Glutama
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INTRODUCTION al. 1996, Cicchetti et
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Experimental models of PD INTRODUCT
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INTRODUCTION induce selective DAerg
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ALUMINIUM General features INTRODUC
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INTRODUCTION Varying amounts of alu
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INTRODUCTION and antiperspirants co
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INTRODUCTION approximately 3% of al
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Excretion INTRODUCTION As insoluble
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INTRODUCTION 3.5 mg may be increase
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INTRODUCTION Oteiza 1999), non-iron
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Aluminium as a cell membrane menace
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INTRODUCTION mobilization of Ca 2+
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Aluminium impairs neurotransmission
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AIMS OF THE PRESENT THESIS The main
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OBJETIVOS
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OBJETIVOS 3) Evaluar de forma preci
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CHAPTER 1 Time-course of brain oxid
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CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 86 6-OHDA (2
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CHAPTER 1 MATERIALS AND METHODS Che
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CHAPTER 1 followed by centrifugatio
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CHAPTER 1 RESULTS Effects of 6-OHDA
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CHAPTER 1 DISCUSSION 94 As shown by
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CHAPTER 1 strategies or to study th
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CHAPTER 1 Fig. 2 Changes in PCC in
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CHAPTER 2
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ABSTRACT CHAPTER 2 In the present w
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MATERIALS AND METHODS Chemicals CHA
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CHAPTER 2 atomization used were 1,5
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DISCUSSION CHAPTER 2 Aluminium ente
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Table 1. Graphite furnace programme
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CHAPTER 3 Brain oxidative stress an
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CHAPTER 3 INTRODUCTION 120 The huma
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CHAPTER 3 MATERIALS AND METHODS Che
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CHAPTER 3 1:15 for hippocampus and
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CHAPTER 3 initially incorporated to
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CHAPTER 3 RESULTS In vivo effects o
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CHAPTER 3 Effects of aluminium admi
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CHAPTER 3 DISCUSSION 132 Aluminium
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CHAPTER 3 hippocampus, showed simil
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CHAPTER 3 assume that the distinct
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CHAPTER 3 Fig. 1 Levels of TBARS (A
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CHAPTER 3 Fig. 2 Enzyme activity of
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CHAPTER 3 Fig. 3 Microphotographs s
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CHAPTER 3 Fig. 5 Levels of TBARS (A
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CHAPTER 3 Fig. 6 In vitro effects o
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SUMMARY
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SUMMARY values were attained at 48
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SUMMARY neurodegeneration in the DA
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CONCLUSIONS The results obtained in
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13) Aluminium does affect neither M
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RESUMEN RESUMEN Desde el punto de v
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RESUMEN zonas cerebrales excepto en
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CONCLUSIONES
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CONCLUSIONES Capítulo 2 4) La admi
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