Mechanisms of aluminium neurotoxicity in oxidative stress-induced ...

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INTRODUCTION PARKINSON’S DISEASE An overview INTRODUCTION Parkinson‟s disease (PD) was first formally described in modern times in a famous monograph entitled “An essay on the shaking palsy” published in 1817 by an English physician called James Parkinson (Parkinson 1817; Figure 1). In this report, the disease was initially defined as shaking palsy (paralysis agitans) and the syndromes observed were described as “involuntary tremulous motion, with lessened muscular power, in parts not in action and even when supported; with a propensity to bend the trunk forward, and to pass from a walking to a running pace: the senses and intellects being uninjured”. Figure 1: An essay of the shaking palsy (Parkinson 1817) 1
Page 1: Universidade de Santiago de Compost
Page 5: Don Ramón Soto Otero y Doña Estef
Page 9 and 10: Acknowledgements The work of this t
Page 11 and 12: Abbreviations AA ascorbic acid AD A
Page 13: Abbreviations (continuation) PCC pr
Page 16 and 17: List of figures (continuation) Chap
Page 19 and 20: TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION ....
Page 21: CHAPTER 3 Brain oxidative stress an
Page 26 and 27: INTRODUCTION 2 PD, also called idio
Page 28 and 29: INTRODUCTION Resting tremor 4 Resti
Page 30 and 31: INTRODUCTION disease, especially in
Page 32 and 33: INTRODUCTION diagnosis was substant
Page 34 and 35: INTRODUCTION Table 2: UK Parkinson
Page 36 and 37: INTRODUCTION Neurochemical and neur
Page 38 and 39: INTRODUCTION Figure 5: Dopamine pat
Page 40 and 41: INTRODUCTION accounting each for ap
Page 42 and 43: INTRODUCTION reduced activity in th
Page 44 and 45: INTRODUCTION Degeneration of all DA
Page 46 and 47: INTRODUCTION other brain areas and
Page 48 and 49: INTRODUCTION Figure 13: Six stages
Page 50 and 51: INTRODUCTION kinase 1 (PINK1) (Vale
Page 52 and 53: INTRODUCTION the drug users was fur
Page 54 and 55: INTRODUCTION be largely discussed l
Page 56 and 57: INTRODUCTION Parkinson diseases: a
Page 58 and 59: INTRODUCTION Figure 18: The ubiquit
Page 60 and 61: INTRODUCTION Mitochondrial dysfunct
Page 62 and 63: INTRODUCTION Oxidative stress 38 Ox
Page 64 and 65: INTRODUCTION Transition metals: the
Page 66 and 67: INTRODUCTION Nitric oxide 42 There
Page 68 and 69: INTRODUCTION have also been demonst
Page 70 and 71: INTRODUCTION 46 Another pathway has
Page 72 and 73: INTRODUCTION Cell death pathways 48
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INTRODUCTION Although the 6-OHDA mo
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INTRODUCTION mouse models, such as
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INTRODUCTION and [Al13(OH)30] 9+ .
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INTRODUCTION Iatrogenic exposure 56
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INTRODUCTION et al. 1993), probably
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INTRODUCTION Coble 1987). Transderm
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INTRODUCTION Aluminium influx and e
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INTRODUCTION Aluminium and oxidativ
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INTRODUCTION (Kong et al. 2002). In
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INTRODUCTION 68 As mentioned before
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INTRODUCTION 70 The signal transduc
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AIMS
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AIMS Chapter 3 The third major aim
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OBJETIVOS DE LA PRESENTE TESIS OBJE
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CHAPTER 1
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ABSTRACT CHAPTER 1 The unilateral a
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CHAPTER 1 2001), particularly due t
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Brain samples CHAPTER 1 After decap
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Statistical analysis CHAPTER 1 Resu
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CHAPTER 1 the left striatum and +11
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CHAPTER 1 against degeneration (Tro
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CHAPTER 1 Fig. 1 Changes in TBARS l
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CHAPTER 1 Fig. 3 Changes in PTC in
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CHAPTER 2 Analysis of brain regiona
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CHAPTER 2 INTRODUCTION 106 Aluminiu
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CHAPTER 2 experimental period of fo
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CHAPTER 2 RESULTS Aluminium distrib
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CHAPTER 2 significant increase of t
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CHAPTER 3
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ABSTRACT CHAPTER 3 The ability of a
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CHAPTER 3 not undergo redox reactio
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CHAPTER 3 saline over the same peri
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CHAPTER 3 used as chemical dosimete
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Statistical analysis CHAPTER 3 Data
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CHAPTER 3 was noted in hippocampus
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CHAPTER 3 In vitro effects of alumi
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CHAPTER 3 administration routes (De
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CHAPTER 3 difference in the levels
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CHAPTER 3 Table 1. In vitro effects
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CHAPTER 3 139
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CHAPTER 3 141
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CHAPTER 3 Fig. 4 Density of striata
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CHAPTER 3 145
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CHAPTER 3 147
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SUMMARY SUMMARY Aluminium has becom
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SUMMARY stress is reached at this t
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CONCLUSIONS
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CONCLUSIONS 5) Intraperitoneal alum
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RESUMEN
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RESUMEN 1996, Shimohama et al. 2003
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RESUMEN 166 Por último y con el fi
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CONCLUSIONES CONCLUSIONES Los resul
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CONCLUSIONES aumento de grupos carb
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APPENDIX
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APPENDIX Publications arising from
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REFERENCES REFERENCES Aarts M., Liu
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REFERENCES Andersen J. K. (2004) Ox
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REFERENCES Cedarbaum J. M. and McDo
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REFERENCES Döllken U. (1897) Ueber
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REFERENCES Exley C. (2004b) Aluminu
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REFERENCES (2006) PINK1 protein in
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REFERENCES Hughes A. J., Ben-Shlomo
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REFERENCES Variable expression of P
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Page 273 and 274:
REFERENCES Zapatero M. D., Garcia d
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