Synchrophasor Initiative in India - erldc

More documents

Recommendations

Info

SYNCHROPHASORS - INITIATIVE IN INDIA JUNE 2012the control centre which hitherto was possible only in offline mode in the form of substationDisturbance Records or through offline dynamic simulations performed on network models.The Phasor Measurement Unit (PMU) is the basic building block of Wide Area MeasurementSystem (WAMS). The PMU measures the system state viz. voltage and angle of a particularlocation at a rate of multiple samples per second (say 25 samples per second). This data is timestamped through a common reference and transmitted to the Phasor Data Concentrator (PDC)installed at a nodal point, through high speed wideband communication medium (such asOptical Fibre). The PDC aligns the time synchronized data and presents it to the User/Historian.The Historian archives the data for retrieval and post-dispatch analysis of any grid.World over the synchrophasor technology is increasingly being used for supplementing theconventional SCADA / EMS for providing a wide area visibility and enhancing situationalawareness at the control centre. In India, pilot/ demo projects have been taken up or envisagedin all the five regions. This report enumerates the features available in the synchrophasorpilot/demo projects taken up in India since May 2010. It provides a compilation of case studiesdescribing various real-time and offline application of the synchrophasors data. The reporthighlights the major challenges encountered in the tenure of the past two years. The reportconcludes with the proposed suggestions, future scope and probable roadmap for furtherexploitation of synchrophasors technology in India.Overview of the synchrophasor initiative in IndiaIn India, fourteen (14) Phasor Measurement Units (PMUs) have been commissioned as on 31 stMay 2012. In the Northern Region, the PMUs have been placed at nine 400 kV substations viz.Vindhyachal (HVDC back-to-back station), Kanpur (with SVC), Dadri (HVDC inverter terminal),Moga, Kishenpur, Agra, Bassi, Hisar and Karcham Wangtoo. In Western Region PMUs havebeen placed at two 400 kV substations viz. Raipur and Bhadravati. In Southern Region, theyhave been placed at three 400 kV substations viz. Salem, Hyderabad and Bengaluru. The threePhasor Data Concentrators (PDC) have been installed at the respective Regional LoadDespatch Centres (RLDCs) located in New Delhi, Mumbai and Bengaluru. Placement ofPMUs/PDCs at few more locations in India has been envisaged under the pilot projects takenup by the RLDCs. The WAMS in Western and Southern Region are demonstration projects,while in the Northern Region the expenditure under the pilot project was approved by theHonourable Central Electricity Regulatory Commission (CERC) and funded from theUnscheduled Interchange Pool Account.Application of synchrophasor data available through the pilot projectThough the synchrophasors data is presently available only from a few locations in the Indiangrid, yet it has dramatically raised visualization and the level of understanding of the powersystem at the control centres within few months of its commissioning. It has enhancedsituational awareness in real-time. In the offline mode the synchrophasors data is being utilizedPOSOCO Page 8 of 143
SYNCHROPHASORS - INITIATIVE IN INDIA JUNE 2012for forensic analysis of faults; post-dispatch analysis of grid performance and; detection andanalysis of oscillations in the power system. An overview of the application of synchrophasorsdata in real-time and offline is presented in the table below:TimeframeRealtimeOff-lineTable 1: Application of Synchrophasors in IndiaApplication DescriptionVisualization of- Magnitude, angle of all three voltage/current phasorEnhancing - Sequence components of voltage/current phasorsituational - Frequency & Frequency differenceawareness - Rate of change of frequency- Angular separation between pair of nodes- 1-phase auto reclosing in EHV transmission lineDetection of- Grid events within / other region- Type of fault viz. LG, LL, LLG, LLL, LLLGForensic - Nature of fault (Dead short circuit or high resistance)analysis of - Time of the fault and sequence of eventsfaults/grid - Fault clearance time, probable location of faultincidents - Summary of element on fault or otherwise- Voltage recovery post fault clearance- Possible protection operation / misoperation- 1-phase auto reclosing in EHV transmission lineValidation of- Steady state network model- Transfer Capability declaration- Simulated short circuit currentPost-dispatch - Substation disturbance recordanalysis of - Substation event loggrid operation - Performance / utility of System Protection Scheme- Measurement cycle used in df/dt relayComputation of- System inertia constant (H) using df/dt- Frequency Response Characteristics (in MW/Hz)Detection ofDetection and- Time, duration, amplitude, frequency of oscillationsanalysis of- Type of oscillation viz. inter area or localoscillations in- Nature of oscillations viz. damped or un-dampedthe power- Modes present, their amplitude and damping factorsystem- Coherent group of generatorsCase StudyNo.Case Study-1 to 5Case Study-6 to 19Case Study-20 to 29Case Study-38 to 39Case Study-30 to 37POSOCO Page 9 of 143
Page 5: SYNCHROPHASORS - INITIATIVE IN INDI
Page 19 and 20: SYNCHROPHASORS - INITIATIVE IN INDI
Page 67 and 68:
SYNCHROPHASORS - INITIATIVE IN INDI
Page 69 and 70:
Page 71 and 72:
Page 73 and 74:
Page 75 and 76:
Page 77 and 78:
Page 79 and 80:
Page 81 and 82:
Page 83 and 84:
Page 85 and 86:
Page 87 and 88:
Page 89 and 90:
Page 91 and 92:
Page 93 and 94:
Page 95 and 96:
Page 97 and 98:
Page 99 and 100:
Page 101 and 102:
Page 103 and 104:
Page 105 and 106:
Page 107 and 108:
Page 109 and 110:
Page 111 and 112:
Page 113 and 114:
Page 115 and 116:
Page 117 and 118:
Page 119 and 120:
Page 121 and 122:
Page 123 and 124:
Page 125 and 126:
Page 127 and 128:
Page 129 and 130:
Page 131 and 132:
Page 133 and 134:
Page 135 and 136:
Page 137 and 138:
Page 139 and 140:
Page 141 and 142:
Page 143 and 144:
Page 145 and 146:
Page 147 and 148:
Page 149 and 150:
Page 151 and 152:
show all

Synchrophasor Initiative in India - erldc

Create successful ePaper yourself

Delete template?

Save as template?