VOLUNTEERING INFRASTRUCTURE

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12GCHAPTERRVOLUNTEERINGINFRASTRUCTUREEECEAUTHORDr. PanagiotisZannis, Athena -Social Interventionand Planning
1. VOLUNTEERING INFRASTRUCTURECONCEPT DEFINITIONVolunteering and volunteerism are rather new social phenomena in Greek public discourse. Theyarose during the “global associational revolution” of the 1980s and the spread of civil society’sideas and ideals. Before, volunteering was a practice, almost exclusively, of the Orthodox Churchand traditional organisations like the Red Cross and the Scouts.Historically, forms of intervention in the public sphere were orientated and limited throughpolitics and by traditional forms of active citizenship (elected representatives, political partymembership etc). On the other hand, solidarity was based mainly on family and kinship, andless on community. The Orthodox Church and Government’s role was subsidiary in the socialprotection sector. These factors left no space for the development of civilsociety institutions and consequently, volunteering. As an outcome of thistradition, Greek society has been generally very sceptical about volunteering,as there were strong beliefs that it was ‘an indirect way for the demolition ofthe welfare state’ and the replacement of paid employment by volunteers.In the last few years, a shift in public opinion and volunteering is beingdetected, as people are re-evaluating it in more positive terms.Although there are some regulations coming from Governmentdepartments, there is no general law on volunteering. Furthermore, there are no specific andclear bodies of law concerning non-profit, voluntary organisations and relevant notions wellknown in literature. Different government departments have their own perceptions aboutnon-profit sector related terms. Until recently, legislation and developmental strategies were alow priority for policy makers.The significant growth of the sector during the 1990s was the main source of attracting andspreading volunteering ideals through Greek society. At the end of the century, governmentactors started to implement some projects based on volunteering. The Olympic Games of 2004were a highlight of the Government’s active involvement. Later, large for-profit companiesstarted to implement limited-scale volunteering projects, using their staff in specific areas,mainly ecology. The Orthodox Church encourages volunteerism, but its main form of actionis charity, and less giving in the form of volunteering. Today the non-profit sector, as well asinformal initiatives, is the main source of volunteering.Volunteering infrastructure in Greece refers to the potential of volunteering development onthe local, national or international level. It is constituted and defined by the level, quantity andquality of relevant information and knowledge, the existence and the functionality of policydirectives and the willingness and experience of different stakeholders to promote volunteeringin a specific human environment.The Olympic Games heldin 2004 were a highlightof the Government’s activeinvolvement in projectsbased on volunteering.165 Volunteering infrastructure in Europe 12 Greece
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CONTENTS6810-18Foreword John Macdon
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FOREWORDAs is now widely known, we
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The European Year of Volunteering (
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1. VOLUNTEERING INFRASTRUCTURECONCE
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5. Other stakeholdersIn terms of th
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Local Volunteer Service of Tirana,
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In our opinion there is an ambivale
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in CSR projects. Companies with sig
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10. Additional countryspecificities
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3CHAPTERLBEDUTCH-SPEAKINGCOMMUNITYG
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2. Volunteering landscapeVolunteeri
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operates as a volunteer support cen
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8. Ethics and quality standardsfor
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nominated by the King, which are th
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schools have parent associations wh
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8. Ethics and quality standards for
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ResourcesBelgian Red Cross, 2011. G
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To conclude, in Bosnia and Herzegov
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can state that more volunteering wi
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4. Structure of the non-profit sect
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Herzegovina include CSR in their po
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2. Recommendations for local author
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CRO5CHAPTERATIVOLUNTEERINGINFRASTRU
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Besides the principles embedded in
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The National Strategy for the Creat
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Only 6% of theorganisationswho had
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promotional activities, with the ai
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Recommendations on a European level
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of different abilities and socio-ec
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As in most geographical contexts, t
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3. Legal framework for volunteering
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Non-profit companies: Non-profit co
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such a boundary exists) the arena e
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associations, a large part acting a
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A similar context occurs in the pol
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7. Regular and systematic researchT
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The building of a truly enabling en
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7CHAPTERCVOLUNTEERINGINFRASTRUCTURE
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2. Volunteering landscapeDefinition
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Table 4: Likelihood of Volunteering
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In the Czech Republic, a system of
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People in Need is a humanitarian or
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VOLUNTEERINGINFRASTRUCTURECHAPTERDE
Page 113 and 114: Volunteer is a person who undertake
Page 115 and 116: However, a recent population survey
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Page 125 and 126: organisations in the South (mostly
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Page 131 and 132: of those were active in 2007 29 . I
Page 133 and 134: GroupsSocial and health association
Page 135 and 136: important role in the development a
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Page 143 and 144: 2. Volunteering landscapeIn France,
Page 145 and 146: works to promote the sector in its
Page 147 and 148: Some large companies have set up vo
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Page 153 and 154: Besides that there is a large secto
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Page 159 and 160: Each federal state has offices or d
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Page 169 and 170: 11. RecommendationsThe Greek Govern
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Page 175 and 176: 3. Legal framework for volunteering
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Page 181 and 182: 8. Ethics and quality standards for
Page 183 and 184: A National Strategy for Volunteerin
Page 185 and 186: Hopkins Comparative Nonprofit Secto
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or 2011, the possibility of ceasing
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7. Regular and systematicresearchSy
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9. Awareness of volunteeringopportu
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CSVnet, 2009. Manifesto of Voluntee
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According to the study, responses o
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In general, the perception of volun
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written certification regarding the
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preparation of different campaigns
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Even though the idea is really nobl
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In Latviathere is nogovernmentalor
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Factum Research Studio, 2010. Aptau
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volunteering. Additionally, 28.5 %
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There are a variety of organisation
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ResourcesOfficial Gazette of Republ
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An indication of the profile of vol
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The introduction of new elements, s
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volunteers forming part of the Prog
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with an organisation as part of the
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Civil Society FundAdministered by t
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ResourcesChapter 327 of the Laws of
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1MOCHAPTER9LDVOLUNTEERINGINFRASTRUC
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Moldavian law on volunteering defin
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ResourcesState Register of Legal Ac
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standpoints” 1 . However, despite
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However, the results of research sh
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10. Additional countryspecificities
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ageing population in the Netherland
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Netherlands. Volunteer centres also
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Service-learning in the Netherlands
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The total amount of hoursvolunteers
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A successful European Year of Volun
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Be aware of the changing motivation
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CHAPTER2O2PVOLUNTEERINGINFRASTRUCTU
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The Polish third sectorconsist of a
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On the other hand main people’s m
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The Council of Volunteer centres Ne
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5. Other stakeholdersCompaniesVolun
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involve them in shaping the Union
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7. Regular and systematic researchR
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“volunteer friendly criteria”.
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An importantobstacle forvolunteerin
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iblioteka.ngo.pl/public/ksiazki/wol
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Holy Houses of MercyThe first Holy
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2CHAPTER4ROVOLUNTEERINGINFRASTRUCTU
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The resources included refer to ena
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Thirdly, the communist legacy of th
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udgets at all levels. One of the ma
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Within the registered non-profit en
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Educational institutionsVolunteerin
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In 2011, more than1,6 million Roman
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hypothesis of constant growth in th
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members of the network, meeting rep
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11. RecommendationsRomania has a lo
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25SLCHAPTERVOLUNTEERINGINFRASTRUCTU
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It’s difficult to define thesitua
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is important. There are many exampl
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4. STRUCTURE of the non-profit sect
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There is a boomin employeevolunteer
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7. Regular and systematic researchI
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10. Additional country specificitie
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2CHAPTERSL6OVENVOLUNTEERINGINFRASTR
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In the Slovenian context, unpaid ac
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The Law on Volunteering represents
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Slovene Philanthropy initiated a pr
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Another widely supported recommenda
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Table 2. Logics (1) of the Vertical
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(1) Each of these logics in the cre
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shows that, within the entities res
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a platform for dialogue between soc
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Businesses also have a role to play
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9. Awareness ofvolunteering opportu
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Fundación La Caixa, 2007. Buenas p
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According to the latest study by th
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part of Switzerland.74% Swiss peopl
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10. Additional country specificitie
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CHAPTER92KUVOLUNTEERINGINFRASTRUCTU
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The strategy also expressed concern
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the Office for Civil Society does n
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The reduction in the incomeof the v
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Low N., Butt S., Ellis Paine A. and
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The Scottish governmentbudget for t
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11. RecommendationsWe would strongl
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volunteering than they have roles t
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health and social care services are
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organisation’s reputation. Fifty
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CHAPTER92KUVOLUNTEERINGINFRASTRUCTU
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to benefit others or the environmen
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volunteering. At a time when there
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ResourcesCharities Aid Foundation a
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