Before and during World War II, the composition of the village was approximately thefollowing: O- and Uj-Szivac was one at that time, but 95% of the inhabitants in Uj-Szivac wereGerman, and O-Szivac was mixed. The entire population came to 14,000 among them 8,000-8,500 Germans, 1,200-1,300 Hungarians, and about 4,800 Serbs.When the Hungarian troops withdrew from the village on the 12th and 13th of October,1944, the "communist" commando was formed at once, and they began arresting people (men)on the 15th. Two armed so-called "partisans" carried off my father and me on the 17th. I was ledto a many-storied barn in O-Szivac, where they had already arrested 40-50 local Hungarians andsome Germans. My father was driven to Uj-Szivac, where there were only 10-12 men at thevillage hall, since the partisans did not take any more people there.64Where I was, additional people were brought in. A couple of us were let free, but on the 1st ofNovember, at nine in the morning a group of strangers, called "partisans", burst into the house.They told us they were from Csurog, and that they would shoot, but they just beat us. Most ofthem struck us with rifle butts, in the head, in the shoulder, up and down. I lost consciousnessbecause of the blows, and recovered my senses in the afternoon, but I was unable to move eventhen. The barn (magazine) was at the end of the garden of the Serb school. The Serb teacherrushed to my mother and told her that I was dead. My mother was running to and fro, and triedeverything to get me out of there. At last, with much difficulty, the doctor came to see me. Ireceived an injection from the village doctor, at least I was told so, and regained myconsciousness at about five. But I still was not able to move. At six an official came with thedoctor and with another injection. They put me on a stretcher, and handed me over in the streetto two youngsters. They carried me home, but my mother was not allowed to see me. I could gethome only this way, with a fracture of a rib, unable to see, to hear, or feel anything. By the nextmorning the ten people in the barn in Uj-Szivac had all disappeared. On November 2, we learntthat they had all been executed on that night. My father was among them.Two months later we found out that my cousin had escaped from the Serb cemetery,where all the others were massacred.At the end of December, I was driven to a private infirmary in Hodsag, now Odzaci. Iwas treated so efficiently that in two or three months I could get about again. I stayed in Hodsagtill 1955, when we moved to Szabadka, I still live here. I don't own a thing at home, in O-Szivac,they confiscated all I had. My mother was interned in a camp (lager) without a proper judicialprocess, and released after half a year. She was allowed to live in our house until her death, that'sall they permitted her. Later on she moved in with us in Szabadka.It was only the two of us who escaped from the barn, where 73 men were locked up. Mycousin still lives in Moravica.Dear Mr. Cseres, if you make use of anything written down here please do not mentionmy name, and burn the letter. I would like present-day generations to be aware of what happenedto innocent people who were not even interrogated or sentenced. All that took place then is stillconsidered taboo by the authorities.The roll of the executed victims,
65Ferencz Alfoldi, Lajos Bacso (innkeeper), Janos Baka, Janos Balogh (wool spinner), IstvanBocskovics, Jozsef Bodis, Lajos Bodis, Istvan Breznyak, Jozsef Breznyak, Andras Buza, PeterCzifra, Andras Czifra (lumberman), an unknown male from Csurog, Janos David, JanosDaruhalmi (tanner), Mihaly Domjan, Istvan Dragity (tradesman), Istvan Drobnyik, Janos Farkas,Janos Farkas, Lajos Farkas, Pal Farkas, Istvan Farkas (bricklayer), Jozsef Horvath, AndrasHorvath, Antal Juhasz, Istvan Klebecsko, Andras Lavro, Mihaly Mandity, Janos Mezei(cartwright), Mihaly Merkel, Mihaly Merkel, Jeno Mero, Ferencz Molnar, Antal Mudri, JozsefNagy, Jozsef Nagy Jr., Ferencz Nagy, Imre Nagy, Jozsef Papp (corn buyer), Mihaly Pavlik,Sandor Racz (Chubby, musician), Istvan Racz (musician), Peter Rigo, Peter Siflis, Istvan Siflis,Karoly Skorutyak (tailor), Antal Skorutyak (owner of a small dairy), Adam Strikovics (joiner),Imre Szalai, Janos Szalai, Istvan Szabo Peter Szobek, Istvan Toth, Mihaly Tokodi, MihalyTokodi Jr., Peter Turi, Peter Uglik, Janos Varosi (deputy clerk), Istvan Zseller - all Hungarians.An unknown man from Cservenka, Jakab Burger, Johann Gubola, Anton Hunsinger,Anton Modritsch (tradesman), Ferdinand Stieb, Anton Teehr, Heinrich Winterstein - they werethe German victims.Pero Czigany, a Serb horse-dealer.The people in Szivac were, and still are, so frightened that they did not dare to celebratea mass for their dead, or to bring some flowers to the mass grave.No one knows for what capricious reason the killers had by forcing the men dig the largecommon grave in the shape of a "M" (for abbreviated Magyar in Hungarian), in an areabetween the Catholic (Hungarian) and the Serb cemeteries.In the large village barn the murderers treated their victims in an oddly ambiguous way.Beside torturing and beating people severely, they allowed a doctor to go and see a young boywho was supposed to be dead. They are said to have let the captured teamsters go home for oneor two days to provide for their horses, though these men were looked after strictly, and wereordered to return.Those who were willing to join the Petofi Brigade and fight against the "fascists" werereleased and directed to the organization center, Topolya. On the other hand, the partisans cut offall fingers of Jeno Mero, the veterinarian's son, with an axe, just because he did not want to jointhem.Sandor Simo, the ranger, did not accept either alternative, and66ran away at the right moment, unarmed, squeezing out the eyes of his armed partisan guard.Our correspondent's cousin reports on his daring escape as follows,"Stripped to the skin, wired together in pairs (I was tied with my father), we were led tothe cemetery, and ordered to stand with our backs to the graves, so that they did not have tobother to put our corpses there. It was pitch-dark, only the barrels of machine guns told us thatbehind each barrel a partisan was standing ready to kill. I whispered to my father, "I will undothe wire and we can go!" My father nodded affirmatively, but he surely did not believe that hecould be as youthfully brisk as I was. Having my wrists set free, I knew the partisan officer
- Page 3 and 4: Library of Congress Catalogue Card
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took the priest under their protect
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"We set off from Hadikliget on Octo
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everyone to the front! The Party us
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137REPORT OF LOSSESIn addition to o
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141Source: Zlocini okupatora u Vojv
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well as in words, that there had be
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The American military forces delive
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culpability or participation are th
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The accused did not make use of his
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the spirit of revenge among the Hun
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considered all the claims of Hungar
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The People's Court of Budapest just
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From then on all hell breaks loose.
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Recommended readingeRudolf Kiszlion