28. Jozsef Pasztor, 34 56. Albert Gazdag, 5074KANIZSA"In 1941, when the Hungarian troops marched in to Kanizsa, the Bagi lads and LajosBarta beat up about twelve Serbian prisoners at the Town Hall. Bato Knazsavity was beaten soblack and blue that I could hardly recognize him, but he survived to take his revenge on 300Hungarians in in 1944.It is said that some Serbians were executed during the war in 1941. It is possible, but Iknow only of the one executed at the Town Hall. He was the lame tailor who had shoutedidiotically that he wanted to eat a meal of the flesh of Hungarians. However it is possible thatthis man should have been taken to the Mental Hospital rather than executed. It's also true thatmost of the partisans would have deserved the same.The Russian troops crossing the Tisza marched into Kanizsa on October 7, 1944. Therewas neither a battle nor a massacre, but every woman was raped despite the fact that most ofthem could speak Serbian. Murderous partisans from Banat also came with the Russian troops,their leaders were Niklo Radovics and Szvetozar Knezevics Bacsa. It was announced that if aRussian or Serbian person were to be hurt and subsequently die, a hundred Hungarians wouldmeet the same fate. After a number of days, a Serbian soldier did happen to be shot in PalManyi's bar. Fortunately, before he died, he admitted that he had been shot by Dusan Tatics, afellow Serb.At the end of October or the beginning of November, people began to be picked up oneby one on the basis of a list. Whoever was able to do so fled to Szeged. We could not sleep forweeks. I put my bed underneath the kitchen window leaving a small opening, so that if theycame, I could jump through the window, and run away to Martonos or even farther away. Thoserounded up were put in the Town Hall prison and knocked about on the basis of whatever pretextcame into their interrogators' minds. For example, "Have you ever been a levente?" "Sure, Ihave." There was a powerful punch to the chin. "You also have been a levente, and you are aSerbian!" There were harder punches and kicks to the body of the poor Hungarian.Most of those taken were beaten to death in the cellar of the Town Hall. The dead bodieswere driven by carts to the Island at night. There the corpses were laid out unburied and coveredwith lime for days. Then the partisans gathered some people to75
dig ditches, pits, lug corpses and bury them any old way, it was all the same to them. Finallysome of them were also shot dead."It is characteristic of the work these unlucky men were forced to undertake. Decayedparts of human bodies were dug up by stray dogs near the park as late as 1975.Some of those were not beaten to death in the cellar of the Town Hall, were shot near thepathway leading to the Tisza, others into the river, or on its bank near the dike. They were alsoburied there. There are two mass-graves razed to the ground in this area. Later on relatives putcrosses on the two graves, but these were removed by the authorities. One of the common graveswas next to the path, while the other was near the bank of the Tisza, 150-200 metres to the southbetween the Tisza and the dike. No one has the courage to dig up the graves overgrown withweeds and bushes to rebury the bodies decently.Most of the murderers were Serbians who had lived in Kanizsa before 1941. Besidesthose mentioned above, Alexander Oluski nicknamed Saco and Dusan Ugranov, nicknamedDusko were also involved in the massacre there. The wife of Ugranov was Dragice Kardevanwho was the secretary of the commander of OZNA. They were the ones who asked the youngerprisoners if they wanted to join the Petofi-brigade. When everyone of them accepted this offerjust to save their lives, the Serbian Kanizsa people beat them to death with even greater pleasure.The gesture and the comment made by Dusko as a protest, when he saw the three-hundredthcorpse, were not contrary, "Comrades, let's finish it, if we kill every Hungarian, who will workfor us?" A real humanitarian...It made no difference for those who had been marked for execution, whether they hadbeen fighters in the class struggle or members of any political party whatever, what matteredwas their ethnic origin.In the first few days, a few illusory personal touches characterised the events. Femalerelatives (wives, mothers, sisters) of the prisoners attempted to carry some food to them. It waspassed on to the prisoners by the executioner's assistants and so it wasn't possible to see anyonepersonally. The most "honorable" action of the Serbian partisans was that they gave back thefood which had been brought for men who had been beaten to death. They said that the relativehad been transported somewhere else.The third wave of executions, which demanded only 22 dead, came on November 22nd.It was a Yugoslavian holiday. Dusko and his friends celebrated the holiday with the humorousidea, as they thought of executing 22 Hungarians to fit the date.76Only one man, Antal Dobo (Toni), who had been a member of the party, dared to protestagainst this terrible idea. After he had failed to prevent the "ceremony", he and another strongfellow buried those executed to save their bodies from the pigs of the forester.Saco Oluski, together with the partisans of Adorjan were held responsible for the threehundred victims. He is said to have been condemned to death, but the sentence was never carriedout.We might also mention the case of Dusan Ugranov, he had lived with a guilty consciencesince 1944. He had a nervous breakdown and as a psychiatric patient he would shout, "Help!Save me! The Hungarians will come and execute me!" He had a persecution complex and aclouded mind, he died in 1970.
- Page 3 and 4: Library of Congress Catalogue Card
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141Source: Zlocini okupatora u Vojv
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well as in words, that there had be
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The American military forces delive
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culpability or participation are th
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The accused did not make use of his
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the spirit of revenge among the Hun
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considered all the claims of Hungar
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The People's Court of Budapest just
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From then on all hell breaks loose.
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Recommended readingeRudolf Kiszlion