121PACSERAt Pacser sixteen Serbians fell in the shootings in 1941. Two hundred Hungarians had tosuffer death for it. It was the butcher, Ivo Jovkovics, who organized the administration of"justice" and the death-ceremony on the road leading to Bajmok, where three big mass graveswere dug with the help of the Third Battalion of the Eighth Brigade of Vojvodina. They picked adistrict inhabited by Hungarians and those who were found there were all driven to their graves.The Rev. Jozsef Kovacs was seized separately. In the course of an inspection, an officerof the brigade recognized Kovacs as an old schoolmate. It was not easy for him to save thepriest, as his accuser, since a church going Catholic Serb insisted that the priest was a greatenemy of the Serbs. He had often been heard glorifying the Virgin Mary, protector of theHungarians. The priest, no longer under threat of death, tried to save the villagers alreadyrounded up, but the partisans of the Third Battalion preferred to follow the butcher, IvoJovkovics. Even the old schoolmate supported his efforts, but the two hundred Hungarians had todie anyway. On their grave, the dissembling, careful, Serbian generations planted wisteria, tocover the crimes of their fathers.BAJMOKThe local Hungarian Counter Intelligence Group took thirty-five Serbians toconcentration camps, although the burgomaster pleaded their innocence with his peasantnaivete.In the middle of October 1944, the Russian troops occupied Bajmok, and the partisansappeared on their heels with people who had been released from captivity by the CounterIntelligence Agency. They brought with them an ardent desire for action, which was a desirefor reprisal. On the first night of their arrival they rounded up seventy-eight Hungarians and twoGermans. They tortured them for days at the Village Hall; pretending they were selecting some.One or two friends were saved by some Serbians through a side door of the movie house, wherethe people to be executed were kept. That is where the Pharmacist, Erno Jeszenszki, the owner ofthe pharmacy called "Guardian Angel" was held. He was known for his willingness to helpanybody who came for help. Apart from being a Hungarian, he122was found guilty of being knighted by Regent Miklos Horthy in 1941 for his heroism in WorldWar I. <strong>This</strong> was considered by Titoist and Stalinist standards, equal to being a Fascist.After long tortures, the partisans took their captives to the clay pits near the railwaybridge, where they shot their victims by the hundreds. The bloody work was easier since they didnot have to dig, just dump soil on the bodies. The owner of the previously mentioned pharmacywas thrown on the heap too.The males of the village fled to the edge of the village where they spent the night in thecornfield so they would not be found. Those who joined the workers in the field during the day
had done so in wain, since the the partisans herded the villagers into the moviehouse, theanteroom of hell, together with their hired workers. The number of victims slowly rose to onehundred and fifty. Later on new pits had to be dug at the railway bridge, the old ones now beingfull. The newly arrived, foreseeing their destiny in the dead bodies laying there, first coveredtheir fellows with soil, then made room for themselves before they surrendered, half naked, tothe machine guns. The inhabitants of the nearby farms had to listen in horror to the constantrattling of guns and the cries "Help, Hungarians!"The murderers left no burial mound. If there was a mound they stamped it into theground, singing and dancing triumphantly.The following spring, when the farmers horses went to plough, they sensed that the fieldno longer supported life. The horses reared, snorting, when they approached the field. That field,consecrated by Hungarian bodies, remained unplowed due to the homage paid to it by thesehorses. The people who were left behind kept coming back to pick up a rag, a cap, or a shoe,which were useless to the executioners.The fate of the Judge Karoly Czimbell deserves special notice. We have alreadymentioned him - anonymously - as one who did his best to save his Serbian fellows. Theretreating gendarmes warned him to get away because he would be the number one enemy of thepartisans, since he was in a responsible position. He did not ignore the warning, although hebelieved that he was innocent. He went along in painful march with the gendarmes as far asBaja, but there he got on a cart going to Bajmok and returned to his family after a few daysabsence. He did not even have time to take a bath before the partisans came to get him. Theykept in mind his suspicious though short absence. After a short beating they skinned CzimbellKaroly alive before putting him on a truck and throwing him into the mass grave without hisskin; he was still breathing.123SZABADKAThe town, which inaugurated its new Major, Andor Rokk, on January 19, 1942, wasspared by the raid of the partisan hunters. Serbian data from 1946 says that during the days whenthe Hungarians came in, one hundred and forty-seven Serbians fell victim to the change ofregime in April 1941. They never mentioned the number of Hungarian deaths. The Hungariansof Szabadka had to pay a high price for this in the fall of 1944.The town was occupied by the Russians and the partisans on October 10. After a fewdays orientation, they started to round up the Hungarians. At dawn they drove their jeeps to getthose who they had singled out. There was always a Russian soldier with them, accompanied bypartisans wearing machine guns. To keep things moving along smoothly, they kept saying thatthe person summoned as a witness at this early hour was to be taken in only to give a statement.These witnesses, who were never interrogated, were either taken to the barracks on Palicsi Streetor to the yellow house in Agnes Lane, to the much feared Counter Intelligence Center of theHome Affairs Authorities. After being severely tortured, the only place for them to go was thecemetery.Here, without any trial, verdict, or even an explanation of any kind they were shot and dumpedinto the pit. Beyond the seedy buildings of the old hospital (now a factory) on a clearly outlined
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Library of Congress Catalogue Card
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Mutilation of the hands or feet wit
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they wanted to belong. On the annex
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individuals, then shooting them by
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the Russians and under their protec
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22PEOPLE OF BEZDAN1.On a May aftern
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26that those people all fell victim
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ack a 13 year-old boy to the soccer
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Russian officers cursed and told th
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Jani was set free for he had been a
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There were some people who, in spit
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March 12, 1945. The relatives of th
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Ferenc Csapo, 33 Mihaly Miovacs, 18
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Having heard about the advance of t
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"On November 3, I got up at five in
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The vicar would come every night. H
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hand. Raising it to his mouth, he d
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"24th October, 1944. Yesterday was
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- Page 122 and 123: Recommended readingeRudolf Kiszlion