"My younger brother, Bandi, was taken away on Sunday and was executed in the yard of theVillage Hall. The Feketes were executed at the same time, father and sons, in the order of theirages; Janos, Sandor, Feri and all the younger ones too. All the male members of the Bun andGosztonyi family, and old Teca111Hagymas. She had been outspoken all her life, and kept talking back to them insolently:"Shoot in my ass", she turned her backside towards them; she was shot in the head.Terus Kelemen and an other woman was also executed then.Mihaly, my husband, managed to hide on the farm. One night he came for me: "Let us flee toNovi Sad". We hid there till spring; this was not without danger. My parents were taken to theJarek camp in January."Those few who were left alive were driven to Backi Jarek on January 23, 1945. Their homes andall other properties were confiscated; they could only take their clothes with them. Those whohad a horse or a cart were allowed to go to Jarek by cart, but once there, their horses and cartswere taken from them. There was much starving and torment in the transit camp too. Many diedof hunger, others of epidemics. An old German internee was given the job of picking up the deadevery morning with a wheelbarrow. He collected and buried about twenty or thirty dead bodieseach day.The guards were very cruel. In the middle of winter, the internees were forced to walk fromJarek to Gojdobra in the severest cold. One of the women was from Martonos originally, andwas moved to Zsablya well after the raid in 1943. Her husband was immediately executed, whileshe was interned along with her ten month old daughter. They were poorly dressed, she had towalk from Jarek to Gajdobra in the coldest weather. At one point, the baby's scarf fell off herhead. The cruel and bloodthirsty partisan who was escorting them did not let the mother pick upthe child's scarf, saying, "She does not need it, at least she'll croak sooner".According to reliable estimates, at least 2000 of the Hungarian population of Zsablya died, mostof them were executed in their village, but many died of starvation or contagious diseases incamps.DEATH OF THE PUNTERSTo the Punter Districts belong, besides the already mentioned Csurog and Zsablya,Sajkasgyorgye (Gyurgyevo). Sajkaslak (Lok), Dunagardony (Gardinovce), Sajkasszentivan(Sajkos), Tiszakalmanfalva (Budisava), Tunderes (Vilovo), Mozsor112(Mosorin), and the "capital" or "capital village", Titel. These villages have been privileged sincethe Turks reached the Danube. The Punter Organization was born around the time when theTurks came to our frontiers. After they had been driven away. the Punter Soldiers relocated theirquarters for the defence of the frontier Pozsony and Komarom to the Punter District of Titel,functioning up to the end of the 18th century. After the expulsion of the Turks, there was a
Serbian majority among the punters. Some of their privileges, which were the pride of the swiftboatmen, remained intact.Puntership is much older than infantry; it preserved far more features of ancientHungarian warfare. The Danube did not allow the use of large warships. Instead, the small boat(sajka-punt) ) was used for defence, transport and even offensive operations during the Turkishwars. The institution, whatever the crew working within it, kept its Hungarian character.Navigation had demanded special knowledge. It wanted only professional soldiers andprofessional boatmen. Chiefs had been elected from among the crew. The private soldier, if hedistinguished himself, became a corporal and a nobleman. The best corporals then becamechieftains.The treasury paid the Punters by the year. They had a number of privileges. With theadvent of modern warfare the importance of the Punter Force disappeared, but the spirit of thesefearless fighters of the rivers lived on. <strong>This</strong> inherited self-confidence has remained prevalent inthe neighborhood of Titel up to our time. The Hungarian military authorities, as well as Tito,should have taken this to account in the vendetta, when they roused and unleashed the punters'anger.Gyurgyevo and the RusynsThe subsequent investigation by Hungarian military authorities failed to recognize theconsequences of the raid affecting Sajkasgyongye. Whether there were partisans here in 1942, itwould be hard to say today. What is certain knowing the nature of the organising methods ofthe partisans, they could have had supporters. Did they deserve sanctions for that? Maybe. The1946 report from Novi Sad records two hundred and forty-four Serbian and Rusyn victims.Almost half of the four thousand and five hundred people living there were Rusyns.The majority of the 300 Hungarians, when sensing the desire for revenge , leftGyurgyevo on the heels of the retreating Hungarian forces.113For lack of Hungarians to take revenge on, the Serbians vented their anger on the Rusynpopulation. <strong>This</strong> was due to the fact that, having had no contact with the partisans during theraid, they had hardly suffered any losses.They had been fair to the Hungarian authorities from the beginning, a fairness which thelater returned. The partisans, besides massacring the few Hungarians who did not leave, theybehaved as cruelly to the Rusyns as if the later were Hungarians. They executed the headmaster,Marvojlovics, because he spoke Hungarian and supported the idea that besides knowing theconversational language, children in his classes should learn Hungarian. They cruelly torturedthe Greek Catholic priest Michael Boszormenyi. He was shoed like a horse and driven to NoviSad barefoot in that pathetic condition, only to be executed after further cruel tortures.In 1944 several hundred Rusyns fell victim to the partisans in this way as a consequenceof the 1942 raid which they had nothing to do with. The reprisal did nor spare those who showedthe slightest sympathy with the Hungarians or those who expected the Serbian RoyalGovernment, with its seat in far-off London, to return.Also doomed to die was an aged woman, Kata Babe, who operated a small boardinghouse. In 1943, she received an order from a Serbian youth to poison, on "superior orders", the
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Mutilation of the hands or feet wit
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they wanted to belong. On the annex
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individuals, then shooting them by
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the Russians and under their protec
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22PEOPLE OF BEZDAN1.On a May aftern
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26that those people all fell victim
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ack a 13 year-old boy to the soccer
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Russian officers cursed and told th
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March 12, 1945. The relatives of th
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Ferenc Csapo, 33 Mihaly Miovacs, 18
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Having heard about the advance of t
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- Page 122 and 123: Recommended readingeRudolf Kiszlion