Reducing Ethnic Profiling in the European Union - Open Society ...

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IRELANDNational Action Plan Against RacismIRELAND Policing Plan 2008GREECEUNITED KINGDOMBELGIUMFRANCEIRELANDNORTHERN IRELANDNETHERLANDSUNITED KINGDOM/NORTHERN IRELANDUNITED KINGDOMDENMARKUNITED KINGDOMUNITED KINGDOM/NORTHERN IRELANDUNITED KINGDOMUNITED KINGDOMRequirement to Investigate Racist IntentIndependent Police Complaints CommissionComité PNational Commission on Police EthicsGarda Síochana Ombudsman CommissionOffice of the Police OmbudsmanNational OmbudsmanNorthern Ireland Human RightsCommission’s Research: Our Hidden Borders:The UK Border Agency Power of DetentionEqualities and Human Rights CommissionInvestigation: Stop and Think!The Danish Institute of Human Rights ResearchEthnic Profiling in Denmark—Legal Safeguardswithin the Field of the Work of the PoliceThe London Metropolitan Police AuthorityScrutiny Panel on Stop and SearchPolicing Board Thematic Investigation intoChildren and Young PeopleThe Communities and Local GovernmentCommittee Review of the Prevent ProgramMerseyside Police Review of Stop DataUNITED KINGDOM West Yorkshire Police Use of BlackBerrys ®to Record Stop DataHUNGARY AND SPAINNETHERLANDSUNITED KINGDOMBELGIUM/GERMANY/ITALYRUSSIAFRANCEReducing Ethnic Profiling through theIntroduction of Stop FormsStudy of Preventive Stop PowersSection 95 DataEuropean Network Against RacismSupplemental Reports on Ethnic ProfilingEthnic Profiling in the Moscow MetroEthnic Profiling in Paris8 LIST OF CASE STUDIES
UNITED KINGDOMAUSTRIA/BELGIUM/BULGARIA/ITALY/ ROMANIA/SLOVAKIAIRELANDUNITED STATESUNITED KINGDOMUNITED KINGDOMBULGARIA/HUNGARY/SPAINBELGIUMNORTHERN IRELANDIRELANDDENMARKSWEDENUNITED STATESBELGIUMUNITED KINGDOMUNITED KINGDOMSPAINUNITED KINGDOMUNITED KINGDOMProfiling Populations “Available” for Stopand SearchFRA Survey on Minorities’ Experience of LawEnforcementAttitudinal Survey of Traveller and EthnicMinority CommunitiesAttitudinal Survey of Young New YorkersPolice Stops and “Reasonable Suspicion”The Views of the Public on Stops andSearchesViews of the Police and Public on Stopsand SearchesRoundtables on Community Policing inDiverse NeighborhoodsBeyond the Margins: Building Trust inPolicing with Young PeopleSingled Out: Exploratory Study on EthnicProfiling in Ireland and its Impact on MigrantWorkers and their FamiliesMedia Reporting of Police Stop and SearchOperationsSwedish Brunch Report Radio ShowEnding Ethnic Profiling EnhancesEffectivenessJudicial Control of the Use of SpecialInvestigative TechniquesNational Intelligence ModelBorder Agency Harm Scoring MatrixUsing Stop Data in Supervision andManagementComputerized Monitoring of IndividualOfficers’ Stops in Hertfordshire *London Metropolitan Police Service’sOperation Pennant to Monitor Area BasedProfiling *REDUCING ETHNIC PROFILING IN THE EUROPEAN UNION 9
Page 1: OPEN SOCIETY JUSTICE INITIATIVERedu
Page 6 and 7: described in this report. The case
Page 9: List of Case StudiesThe case studie
Page 13: UNITED KINGDOMUNITED KINGDOMNETHERL
Page 16 and 17: The United Nations, the Council of
Page 19 and 20: I. Ethnic Profiling DefinedA Compre
Page 21 and 22: The use by the police, with no obje
Page 23 and 24: explicitly on their membership in a
Page 25 and 26: of the persons subjected thereto sh
Page 27 and 28: The impact of ethnic profiling on c
Page 29 and 30: of the ethnic minorities disproport
Page 31 and 32: II. A Holistic Approachto Reducing
Page 33 and 34: Law enforcement agencies are accoun
Page 35 and 36: III. Legal Standards andInstitution
Page 37 and 38: Criminal and Administrative Legal R
Page 39 and 40: ImmigrationThe Equality Act covers
Page 41 and 42: FRANCEObligation of Non-Discriminat
Page 43 and 44: General principles of good practice
Page 45 and 46: UNITED KINGDOMPolice and Criminal E
Page 47 and 48: has lasted for an hour, the examini
Page 49 and 50: In order to conduct a check using a
Page 51 and 52: the person could pose a threat to p
Page 53 and 54: Improving law enforcement relations
Page 55: IRELANDPolicing Plan 2008The Garda
Page 58 and 59: officer misconduct more than patter
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complaints commissions that include
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Civilian oversight can and should d
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In Ireland and Northern Ireland, po
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These case studies also demonstrate
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NETHERLANDSNational OmbudsmanThe Du
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UNITED KINGDOM / NORTHERN IRELANDNo
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DENMARKThe Danish Institute of Huma
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• the impact of race• the use o
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UNITED KINGDOMThe Communities and L
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used, such as those described below
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passengers at borders, although the
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UNITED KINGDOMMerseyside Police Rev
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Reducing Ethnic Profiling and Impro
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As the above examples indicate, dat
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Research Approaches and Methodologi
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Observational studies were pioneere
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The study revealed that in addition
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esponses, and in some cases, broad
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UNITED STATESAttitudinal Survey of
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UNITED KINGDOMThe Views of the Publ
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NORTHERN IRELANDBeyond the Margins:
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DENMARKMedia Reporting of Police St
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VI. Strategies for Reducing EthnicD
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people were stopped and valuable po
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only do so if the measure is determ
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Supervision and Oversight of Front-
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This is not to say that stop forms
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• Recording of self-defined ethni
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UNITED KINGDOM“Know Your Rights
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Prior to the ride-alongs, many Hung
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General principles of good practice
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UNITED KINGDOMMonitoring the Qualit
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GREECEProhibition of Racist Languag
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This handbook recommends that law e
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Where possible, training should inc
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SWEDENPolice and Youth Sharing Expe
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Training in the Counter-radicalizat
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VIII. Changing Institutional Cultur
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and Wales have used the package. Mo
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NORTHERN IRELANDCreating a More Bal
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Moroccan man. Another minority offi
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other characteristics or values. Co
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Take steps to ensure that all parts
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Law enforcement agencies must be se
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A large number of Polish migrants h
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variety of individuals with “life
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UNITED KINGDOMCommunity Stop and Se
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their needs, and problems, and hear
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to travel as far as Liverpool to ac
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The strategy includes multiple init
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The website provides an interactive
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Appendix A:Sample Stop Forms171
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REDUCING ETHNIC PROFILING IN THE EU
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Fuenlabrada, Spain Stop FormREDUCIN
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West Yorkshire Police Stop ReceiptR
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Covenant rights that are especially
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• Necessity: The use of ethnic pr
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The clear risk of arbitrariness in
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The Committee considers that identi
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adopted on June 29, 2007, CRI/Counc
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European Union Fundamental Rights A
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Notes1. Rebekah Delsol, Open Societ
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13. A report of MI5’s behavioral
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38. From the email text sent by Tem
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57. R. Davis and P. Mateu-Gelabert,
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88. Gillan and Quinton v. United Ki
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Ireland). Of the total number of co
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139. For example, European Commissi
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165. Open Society Justice Initiativ
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197. These can be found at: http://
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230. More information can be found
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266. To undertake this kind of anal
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279. In Rosalind Williams, Spanish
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Ethnic profiling by police in Europ
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