ARTIFICIAL INSEMINATION IN FARM ANIMALS - Phenix-Vet

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130Artificial Insemination in Farm AnimalsMishra, M.; Acharya, UR. (2004). Protective action of vitamins on the spermatogenesis inlead-treated Swiss mice. J. Trace Elem. Med. Biol, 18 (2): 173-178O’Bryan, MK.; Schlatt, S.; Phillips, DJ.; De Kretser, DM.; Hedger, MP. (2000). Bacteriallipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation compromises testicular function atmultiple levels in vivo. Endocrinology, 141: 238-246Peltola, V.; Huhtaniemi, I.; Metsa-Ketela, T.; Ahotupa, M. (1996). Induction of lipidperoxidation during steroidogenesis in the rat testis. Endocrinology, 137 (1): 105-112Potts, JM.; Pasqualotto, FF. (2003). Semilal oxidative stress in patients with chronicprostatitis. Andrologia, 35: 304-308.Regina BF.; Maret, GT. (1999). Vitamin E: function and metabolism. FASEB J, 13: 1145-1155Sen, CK.; Khanna, S.; Rink, C.; Roy, S. (2007). Tocotrienols: the emerging face of naturalvitamin E. Vitam Horm, 76: 203-61Sidney, I.; Mauey, KE.; Mason. (1975). Antisterility Activity of d-a-TocopherylHydroquinone in the Vitamin E-deficient Male Hamster and Rat. J. Nut, 105: 491-494Skinner, MK.; Griswold, MD. (1980). Sertoli cells synthesize and secrete transferrin-likeprotein. J. Biol. Chem, 225: 9523-9525Soleimani, MM.; Noorafshan, A.; Momeni, HR.; Abnosi, MH.; Mahmoodi, M.; Anvari, M.;Hoseini, SM. (2009). Stereological study of the effects of Vitamin E on testisstructure in rats treated with para-nonylphenol. Asian J. Androl, 11: 508-516Sugiyama, M. (1992). Role of physiological antioxidants in chromium (VI)-induced cellularinjury. Free Radical Biol. Med, 12: 397-407Tappel, AL. (1962). Vitamin E as the biological lipid antioxidant. Vitam. Horm, 20: 493-510Todorovic, M.; Jokic, Z.; Davidovic, V. (2002). The influence of selenium and Vitamin E inpoultry nutrition. Biotech. Anim. Husb, 18: 231-238Vernet, P.; Aitken, RJ.; Drevet, JR. (2004). Antioxidant strategies in the epididymis. Mol. Cell.Endocrinol, 216 (1-2): 31-39Wilson, MJ. Kaye, D.; Edward, SW.; Quach, HT.; Sinha, AA.; Vatassery, GT. (2003). Effect ofVitamin E deficiency on the growth and secretory function of the rat prostaticcomplex. Exp. Mol. Pathol, 74: 267-275Wu, SH., Oldfield, JE.; Whanger, PD.; Weswig, PH. (1973). Effect of selenium, Vitamin E andantioxidants on testicular function in rats. Biol. Reprod, 8 (5): 625-629Yan, LY.; Yue, DB.; Luo, HL.; Jin, XX.; Xu, X. (2010). Effect of Vitamin E supplementation onthe enzymatic activity of selected markers in Aohan fine-wool sheep testis. Anim.Reprod. Sci, 122: 264-269Yousef, MI.; Abdallah, GA.; Kamel, KI. (2003). Effect of ascorbic acid and Vitamin Esupplementation on semen quality and biochemical parameters of male rabbits.Anim. Reprod. Sci, 76: 99-111Yue, DB.; Yan, LY.; Luo, HL.; Jin, XX.; Xu, X. (2010). Effect of Vitamin E supplementation onsemen quality and the testicular cell membranal and mitochondrial antioxidantabilities in Aohan fine-wool sheep. Anim. Reprod. Sci, 118: 217-222Zhu, H.; Luo, HL.; Meng, H.; Zhang, GJ.; Yan, LY.; Yue, DB. (2010). Effect of Vitamin Esupplement in diet on antioxidant ability of testis in Boer Goat. Anim. Reprod. Sci,117: 90-94Zhu, H.; Luo, HL.; Meng, H.; Zhang, GJ. (2009). Effect of Vitamin E supplementation ondevelopment of reproductive organs in Boer goat. Anim. Reprod. Sci, 113: 93-101
9Evaluation of a New Method andDiagnostic Test in Semen AnalysisPetra ZrimšekClinic for Reproduction and Horses,<strong>Vet</strong>erinary Faculty,University of Ljubljana,Slovenia1. IntroductionSperm concentration is an important parameter affecting fertility. Animal species ofagricultural interest are mainly produced by artificial insemination (AI) which contributeshighly to the development of worldwide swine production, making the impact of the malein reproductive efficiency of the pig herds more crucial (Jounala et al., 1998).The efficiency of AI (fertility rate and prolificacy) is directly dependent on the quality ofsemen doses and on the number of spermatozoa used for insemination (Camus et al., 2011).In commercial farms, routine examination of boar semen is performed aiming to predict themale’s fertility. Evaluation of concentration is crucial to adapt dilution rate and to optimizesperm concentration which will directly impact fertility performance. In the first part of apresent chapter we address the basic concepts of a method comparison study and present anexample of a method comparison experiment concerning determination of spermconcentration.Various laboratory methods techniques are used to evaluate sperm quality, such as spermconcentration, motility, viability, and morphology. However, there is no single semen assaythat provides complete information about semen quality (Holt & Medrano, 1997; Johnson etal., 2000; Liu & Baker, 2002). Studies in domestic animals showed that these semencharacteristics were often not significantly correlated to fertility, while the most validassessment of boar semen quality is to obtain viable pregnancies and normal offspringfollowing AI (Tsakmakidis et al., 2010). Since fertilization is a complex process involving ahuge number of events, fertility research must not only device more predictive laboratorytests, but also properly combine different assays aiming to predict male fertilizing ability, asspermatozoa should satisfy many requirements for successful fertilization (Quintero-Moreno et al., 2004). Assessment of metabolic status of spermatozoa could provide a usefultool for evaluation of semen quality, because sufficient metabolism for energy production isone of the several attributes that a sperm must posses to fertilize an oocyte. In the secondpart of this chapter developing and diagnostic evaluation of a spectrophotometricapplication of the resazurin reduction assay will be presented.Learning objectives of a chapter are to: Investigate repeatability in continuous data
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ARTIFICIAL INSEMINATION IN FARM ANIMALS - Phenix-Vet

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