ARTIFICIAL INSEMINATION IN FARM ANIMALS - Phenix-Vet

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48Artificial Insemination in Farm Animals Artificial insemination of ewes can be performed with very high effectiveness on farmsin every day practice mainly by shepherds. The reality is that AI does not needveterinary assistance, but maintaining the health of ewes needs veterinary control. The procedure of artificial insemination requires well-skilled shepherds with goodpractice and enough support. The breed of ewe has a significant effect on the pregnancy rate, which is consistent withthe results of Hill et al. (1998), Perkins et al. (1996), Donovan et al. (2001 and 2004),Karagiannidis et al. (2001) and Anel et al. (2005). However, the results could bepositively modified by the interest of the sheep owner. The dose of PMSG affected conception rate, similar to the findings of Hill et al. (1998).Thus, in some cases, the dose should be reduced in order to avoid too many lambsbeing born and higher lamb loss originating from the weakness of the lambs at birth. Most shepherds use fresh, locally collected, un-diluted semen with good results, andthe importance of dilution is only realised by a small number of the shepherds. The year had a strong effect on the results of artificial insemination, in accordance withthe results of Anel et al. (2005), but no trends could be discovered in the data. Theenvironmental circumstances (available pasture and feed for instance) had strongerimportance. The cost of artificial insemination depends on the farm, but in general, the direct costwas less than one euro per ewe. Of course, in the case of oestrus synchronisation andinduction, these costs could reach 7 to 8 euros per ewe. The results of artificial insemination could easily be controlled by usingultrasonography (Egerszegi at al., 2008) at an early stage of pregnancy, but this methodwas only used on a small number of farms.5. AcknowledgementsThe authors would like to thank the owners and the representatives of the sheep farms fortheir excellent technical help in collecting the data and analysing the information needed forfinal evaluation. They are in alphabetic order: Attila Harcsa (Abbod Farm, Szendrő), AntalKádas (Túrkeve), István Nagy and Imre Nagy (Ganna), László Nagy (Eger), Sándor Nagy(Bakonszeg Awassi Corporation, Bakonszeg), Zoltán Nagy (Harkakötöny), Mihály Sebők(Törtel), Ede Sipos (Móriczhida), Károly Szabó (Hajdúbagos) and Zoltán Szabó (Karcag).The study was made by K-OVI-CAP BT within the framework of University of DebrecenCentre of Agriculture and Economic Sciences with the help of the Jedlik Ányos projectsupported by National Office of Research and Technology (NKTH)6. ReferencesAnel, L., M. Kaabi, B. Abroug, M. Alvarez, E. Anel, J.C. Boixo, L.F. de la Fuente, P. De Paz(2005). Factors influencing the success of vaginal and laparoscopic artificialinsemination in Churra ewes: a field assay, Theriogenology, 63, 1235-1247.Barillet, F., S., Sanna, D., Boichard, J.M., Astruc, A., Carta, S., Casu (1993). Geneticevaluation of the Lacaune, Manech and Sarda dairy sheep with Animal Model,Proceedings of 5th International Symposium on Machine Milking of SmallRuminants /Ed.: Kukovics, S./, Hungary, May 1993, 289-303.
Artificial Insemination of Sheep –Possibilities, Realities and Techniques at the Farm Level 49Becze, J. (1982). Tanulmányok haszonállatok szaporításáról. (Studies on the reproduction ofdomestic animal breeds); Mezőgazdasági Kiadó, ISBN 963-231-114-0, BudapestDonovan, A. , J.P. Hanrahan, T. Lally, M.P. Boland, G. P. Lonergan, D.J. O’Neil (2001). AIfor sheep using frozen-thawed semen, ARMIS 4047 Project report, under theResearch Stimulus Fund; OPARDF measure 5b, ISBN 1 84170 152 1Donovan, A. , J.P. Hanrahan, E. Kummen, P. Duffy, M.P. Boland (2004). Fertility of the ewefollowing cervical insemination with fresh or frozen-thawed semen at natural orsynchronised oestrus, Animal Reproduction Science, 84, 359-368.Egerszegi, I., A., Molnár, P., Sarlós, F., Soós, J., Rátky (2008). Investigation of the folliculardevelopment and early Pregnancy in Hungarian Black Racka ewes by meansultrasonography – preliminary study (A tüszőnövekedés és korai vemhességultrahangos vizsgálata fekete racka juhokban – előkísérlet) AWETH 4. (2.) 311-318.2008 I. Gödöllői Állattenyésztési Tudományos Napok, Gödöllő 12-13, (inHungarian)Ehling, C., P. Wirth, L. Schindler, K.-G. Hadeler, H.-H. Döpke, E. Lemme, D. Herrmann, H.Niemann (2003). Laparoscopical intrauterine insemination with different doses offresh, conserved, and frozen-thawed semen for the production of ovine zygotes,Theriogenology, 60, 777-787.Fernandez-Abella, D., M.O. Preve, N. Villegas (2003). Insemination time and diluting rate ofcooled and chilled ram semen affects fertility, Theriogenology, 60, 21-26.Gergátz, E. (2007). A juhok mesterséges termékenyítése; in: Házi emlősállatok mesterségestermékenyítése. (The artificial insemination in sheep; in Artificial insemination indomestic mammals); Szerk. (Edited) Tamás Pécsi; Pécsi Tamás, MezőgazdaKiadó,Bp. ISBN 978-963-286-237-8Gergátz, E., E., Gyökér (1997). Cervicouterinal Insemination method with cooled and deepfrozen ram semen; 48. Annual Meeting of EAAP,Vienna, Book of Abstract, 319-325.Gulyás, L., E., Gergátz, J., Végh, A., Németh (2007). A fogyasztási csúcsokhoz igazodóbárányelőállítás lehetőségei biotechnikai módszerek felhasználásával. (Possibilitiesof lamb meat production adjusted to consuming peaks using biotechnicalmethods). Acta Agronomica Óváriensis 49. 1.-29-42.Hill, J. R., J. A., Thomson, N.R., Perkins (1998). Factors affecting pregnancy rates followinglaparoscopic insemination of 28,447 Merino ewes under commercial conditions: asurvey, Theriogenology, 49, 697-709.Jávor, A., S., Kukovics, Gy. Molnár (2006). Juhtenyésztés A-tól Z-ig (Sheep breeding to A toZ), Mezőgazda Kiadó, ISBN 963 286 275 9, Budapest.Karagiannidis, A., S. Varsakeli, G. Karatzas, C. Brozos (2001). Effect of time of artificialinsemination on fertility of progestegen and PMSG treated indigenous Greekewes, during non-breeding season, Small Ruminant Research, 39, 67-71.King, M.E., W.A.C. McKelvey, W.S. Dingwall, K.P. Matthews, F.E. Gebbie, M.J.A. Mylne, E.Stewart, J.J. Robinson (2004). Lambing rates and litter sizes following intrauterineor cervical insemination of frozen-thawed semen with or without oxytocinadministration, Theriogenology, 62, 1236-1244.Kukovics, S. (1974). A mesterséges termékenyítés eredményeinek értékelése, valamint a juhszaporaságának és gazdaságosságának néhány kérdése (The evalation of theresults of artificial insemination and some questions prolificacy and profitability in
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ARTIFICIAL INSEMINATION IN FARM ANIMALS - Phenix-Vet

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