ARTIFICIAL INSEMINATION IN FARM ANIMALS - Phenix-Vet

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160Artificial Insemination in Farm Animalsongoing maintenance of pregnancy, 6. lactation, 7. extra reserves of energy, 8. estrouscyclicity, ovulation and early pregnancy, and 9. excess reserves. Therefore, the reproductivefunctions, in terms of partition of nutrients, are not priorities for the animal economy(Wright & Russel, 1984).Knowledge of body condition score herd contributes to decisions on measures of impact onproduction and costs of livestock development. In fact, you can set times to wean the calvesor to define when and how to supplement the diet of breeders, aiming to reduce the periodof postpartum anestrus (Moraes et al., 2007). Furthermore, knowing the body conditionscore is useful even in the prediction of productive performance (Short et al., 1996) andreproductive performance (Dunn & Moss, 1992).The score is obtained by the visual and tactile (palpation) of the animal by a trainedprofessional. There are scores of different scales, which vary in concept, the topology of thepoints of observation and animal species for which they are applied. The notes are given toanimals in accordance with the amount of tissue reserves, especially fat and muscle incertain areas of the body, often associated with specific anatomic landmarks, such as certainbony protrusions, ribs, spinous processes of the spine, processes transverse spine, flank, tipof the ileum, above the tail, sacrum and lumbar vertebrae. Extreme scores 1 and 5 (obese andcachectic) are undesirable in any scale and in any animal species studied (figure 2).The monitoring of changes in the body condition score and body weight providesinformation on the reproductive potential of the cows (Dunn & Moss, 1992), which isScore 1Score 2
Particularities of Bovine Artificial Insemination 161Score 3Score 4Score 5Fig. 2. Body condition score of dairy cows.directly related to nutrition in the pre-delivery and postpartum period. Kunkle et al. (1994)found that body condition score at calving and during breeding season is closely related tothe interval between births, the proportion of cows not pregnant at the end of the breedingseason, milk production and cow weight at weaning. Cows with body condition at calvingcycle more rapidly than those with body condition score.In cows of high milk production is expected high demand for nutrients and thusmobilization of reserves in the first three to five weeks postpartum. This phenomenon is
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VIContentsChapter 9Evaluation of a
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XPrefaceless stress to the female,
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ARTIFICIAL INSEMINATION IN FARM ANIMALS - Phenix-Vet

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