ARTIFICIAL INSEMINATION IN FARM ANIMALS - Phenix-Vet

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34Artificial Insemination in Farm Animalsof sheep were breed on the studied farms. The breeds kept on the various farms and thenumber of years when artificial insemination was utilised are summarised in Table 1.On most farms, only one breed was kept, but three different breeds were bred on farm No.2, 9 and 10, and two breeds on farm No. 11.In the first farm, which was a corporation, a breeding project has been carried out since 1990and purebred Awassi and crossbred Awassi (F 1 , R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 ) flocks have been reared. Themajority of female sheep was artificially inseminated during 2003 to 2007, but because oflow AI efficiency, natural insemination with breeding rams was used to get betterpregnancy results. The farm was finally reorganised and sold in 2009, so the use of AI endedfrom 2008.A breeding project was performed on the second farm, which was a state farm aiming tocreate a new synthetic breed and started operating from early 1970s. The Bábolna Tetrasheep breed was finally developed from the crossings of Hungarian Merino as well as 5lines of Finnish Landrace and 3 lines of Romanov breeds, and it was officially accepted as anew breed in 1995. In addition to this, Ile the France and American Suffolk nucleus flockswere also developed on the farm, starting in 1988. The reorganisation and final selling of thefarm and its sheep happened in 2009 and 2010, and it is currently a much smaller privatefarm.FarmcodeNo. and name of breeds keptNo. of years1 1: Awassi and Awassi crossbreds 5 (2003-2007)2 3. Bábolna Tetra, Ile de France, Suffolk 8 (2003-2010)3 1: Hungarian Merino 4 (2003-2006)4 1: German Mutton Merino 6 (2003-2008)5 1: Hungarian Merino 6 (2003-2008)6 1: Lacaune 2 (2009-2010)7 1: Lacaune 7 (2003-2010)8 1: Lacaune 2 (2003-2004)93: Hungarian Merino, German Mutton Merino,German Blackheaded Mutton Sheep8 (2003-2010)10 3: British Milksheep, Charollais, Hungarian Merino 5 (2005-2010)11 2: British Milksheep, British Milksheep Crossbreds 8 (2003-2010)Table 1. Number of breeds and the studied years on the farmsThe other private farms were founded in the 1990s, when most of the cooperative and statefarms were demolished, reorganised and the sheep were sold from them. The onlyexception was farm No. 7, which was a research station belonging to the University of WestHungary founded in 1982, and it is still a research station.The use of AI stopped on farm No. 3 in 2007, and in 2009 in the case of farms No. 4 and 5because of labour problems. On farm No. 8, the labour problem together with the lowquality of AI made with transported semen led to the replacement of AI with the use ofextra breeding rams.On farm No. 10, only a small population of the sheep (purebred imported breeds) wereartificially inseminated, and the AI started to be utilised in the nucleus part of the Merinoflock only in 2007. On farm No. 12, the British Milksheep crossbred sheep (Hungarian
Artificial Insemination of Sheep –Possibilities, Realities and Techniques at the Farm Level 35Merino x British Milksheep) were handled separately since 2007. On farm No.6, the use ofAI was only started in 2009.The results of AI were not possible to evaluate for year 2010 in the case of farms No. 6, 7, 10and partly 11 because the lambing of artificially inseminated ewes started only in 2011 andwas not finished before the time of data collection.2.2 Data collectionTwo surveys were carried out in late 2007 and at the beginning of 2011 in order to collectdata of artificial insemination on the selected farms. Each farm was visited and the data wascollected based on a questionnaire covering the following information:- number of sheep kept,- number of artificially inseminated ewes per breed and per year,- number of progeny born and weaned after AI per breed and per year,- method of selection and time searching ewes on heat,- time and number of insemination,- method of collecting and qualifying semen to use,- level of dilution, kind of extender and the size of inseminating dose,- method and use of oestrus synchronisation,- method of insemination,- fixing method of ewes during insemination,- control of pregnancy and use of ram service after insemination,- number of labour used over AI,- cost of AI.2.3 Processing of dataThe methods of AI used on various farms were evaluated in details. The results of AI werestudied on farm levels because of the farm difference in the number of breeds kept.Pregnancy rate (P%) =Lambing rate (L%) =Weaning rate (W%) =lambed ewesinseminated ewesborn lambslambed ewesweaned lambsborn lambsThe pregnancy rate (P%), lambing rate (L%) and the weaning rate (W%) were calculated byfarms and by breeds in every studied year. In the case of those farms where more than onebreed was kept, the effects of breed and year were studied. In the case of farms where onlyone breed was kept, the effects of year were examined.Chi-square test of SPSS 10.0 was applied to compare the breeds to each other and tocompare the years by breed. Significant differences between breeds and years weredetermined at P≤0.05.
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ARTIFICIAL INSEMINATION IN FARM ANIMALS - Phenix-Vet

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