Woven Fabrics - Fairchild Books

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7 Other Types of Textiles 147 Objectives 147 Key Terms Related to Textiles 147 Nonwoven Fabrics 148 Background 148 Table 7.1: End Uses of Nonwoven Fabrics 148 Durable and Disposable Nonwoven Fabrics 149 Manufacturing Nonwovens 149 Fusible Nonwovens 151 Hybrid Products 151 Nonwoven Wipes 152 Trade Shows and Associations 152 The Environment 153 Felt 153 Bonded and Laminated Materials 153 Bonded Fabrics 153 Laminated Fabrics 154 Quilted Material 155 Stitch Bonding 156 Lace Fabrics 156 Embroidery 157 Textile Connection: Appliqué 158 Tufted Fabrics 159 Study Questions 160 Other Types of Textiles: Fabric Science Swatch Kit Assignment 161 8 Textile Dyeing 163 Objectives 163 Key Terms Related to Textiles 163 Dyes and Pigments 165 Conventional, or Aqueous, Dyeing 165 Textile Connection: A Colonial Dyer 166 Classes of Dyes 166 Color Formulations and Matching Shades 166 Table 8.1: Major Dye Classes and their Fastness Properties 167 Computer Shade Matching and Computer- Controlled Dyeing 168 E X T E N D E D C O N T E N T S A xi F Metamerism 169 When Dyeing Is Done 169 Stock Dyeing 170 Top Dyeing 170 Table 8.2: Comparison of Dyeing in Various Stages 170 Yarn Dyeing 171 Piece Dyeing 171 Continuous Dyeing 173 Garment Dyeing 173 Special Dyeing Effects 173 Cross-Dyeing 173 Table 8.3: Classical Woven Fabrics with Colored Effects Created by Dyeing of Yarns 174 Union Dyeing 174 Tone-On-Tone Effects 174 Pigment Coloring 174 Solution Dyeing 175 Colorfastness 175 Textile Connection: Bleeding Madras 176 New Developments 176 The Environment 176 Glossary of Imperfections of Dyed Fabrics 177 Study Questions 178 Textile Dyeing: Fabric Science Swatch Kit Assignment 179 9 Textile Printing 181 Objectives 181 Key Terms Related to Textiles 181 Methods of Printing 183 Screen-Printing 183 Hand-Screen Printing 183 Textile Connection: A Printed Mark 183 Automatic Screen Printing 184 Rotary-Screen Printing 184 Roller Printing 185 Setting the Color in Screen and Roller Printing 186 Heat-Transfer Printing 186
Advancements in the Print Industry 187 Digital Printing 188 The Environment 188 Color Features of Printed Fabrics 189 Colorfastness 189 Wet-on-Dry and Wet-on-Wet Effects 189 Halftone 189 Strike-Off and Color Matching in Printed Fabrics 189 Which Method of Printing is Best? 189 Table 9.1: Comparison of Printing Methods 190 Basic Types of Prints 191 Direct Prints 191 Discharge Prints 191 Resist Prints 191 Pigment Prints 191 Special Types of Prints 192 Blotch Prints 192 Table 9.2: Comparison of Wet (Dye) Prints, Dry (Pigment) Prints, and Heat-Transfer Prints 192 Flock Prints 193 Flocking 194 Warp Prints 194 Burn-Out Prints 194 Duplex Prints 194 Engineered Prints 194 Glossary of Imperfections on Printed Fabric 195 Study Questions 196 Textile Printing: Fabric Science Swatch Kit Assignment 197 10 Textile Finishing 199 Objectives 199 Key Terms Related to Textiles 199 Classification of Finishes 200 Pretreatment Processes 200 Textile Connection: The Origin of Bleaching 201 Resins 202 Aesthetic Finishes 202 Calendering 202 E X T E N D E D C O N T E N T S A xii F Table 10.1: Summary of Textile Finishes 202 Fragrances 204 Fulling 204 Mercerization 204 Napping and Sueding 205 Plissé 205 Shearing 206 Softening 206 Stiffening 206 Stone Washing, Acid Washing, and Cellulase 206 Functional Finishes 207 Antimicrobial Finishes 207 Antistatic Finishes 208 Crease-Resistant Finishes 208 Durable Press 208 Resin Treatment and Curing 208 Flame-Resistant Finishes 210 Mothproof Finishes 210 Shrinkage-Control Finishes 210 Table 10.2: Shrinkage Control Methods 211 Soil-Release Finishes 212 Ultraviolet-Absorbent Finish 212 Water Repellents 212 Waterproof-Coated Fabrics 214 Nonaqueous Finishing 214 Final Fabric Drying 215 Plasma Processing 215 Nanotechnology 215 The Environment 216 Textile Connection: The Changing Fabric 217 Glossary of Finishing Imperfections 217 Study Questions 218 Textile Finishing: Fabric Science Swatch Kit Assignment 219 11 Textiles and the Environment 221 Objectives 221 Key Terms Related to Textiles 221 Green Product Characteristics 222 Renewable 223 Resource Conservation 224 Energy Saving 224
Page 2 and 3: j.j. pizzuto’s FABRIC SCIENCE ten
Page 4 and 5: Executive Editor: Olga T. Kontzias
Page 6 and 7: Preface xv Acknowledgments xvii 1 T
Page 8 and 9: Secondary Manufactured Fibers for C
Page 12 and 13: Nonhazardous 224 Recycling 224 Work
Page 14 and 15: Fabric Performance Testing 316 Text
Page 17 and 18: air-jet bare elastic yarn blended y
Page 19 and 20: Identifying Spun and Filament Yarns
Page 21 and 22: Uses of Spun and Filament Yarns Som
Page 23 and 24: Fabrics made from worsted yarn are
Page 25 and 26: this system, one end of a fiber is
Page 27 and 28: textured yarn a b heater c d high p
Page 29 and 30: Table 4.1 Comparison oF sTreTCh Yar
Page 31 and 32: warp yarn Figure 4.14 Making chenil
Page 33 and 34: Table 4.2 Yarn number Conversions W
Page 35 and 36: Table 4.4 Thread Finishes and Their
Page 37: FABRIC SCIENCE / Swatch Kit Assignm
Page 40 and 41: Over 4,000 years ago, man created f
Page 42 and 43: yarn package yarn package yarn pack
Page 44 and 45: Figure 5.5 Various types of selvage
Page 46 and 47: the same appearance as when the fab
Page 48 and 49: More fabrics are made with plain we
Page 50 and 51: Most twills are either warp face or
Page 52 and 53: Figure 5.15 (a) Five-shaft warp-fac
Page 54 and 55: Figure 5.18 Filling-pile weave fabr
Page 56 and 57: Sometimes the pile loops are cut in
Page 58 and 59: light-pattern changes to create a r
Page 60 and 61:
A product that can be considered as
Page 62 and 63:
Glossary of Classic Woven Fabrics A
Page 64 and 65:
Frieze: Heavy, thick, rough-surface
Page 66 and 67:
Taffeta: Medium-weight, plain-weave
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Woven Fabrics - Fairchild Books

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