Woven Fabrics - Fairchild Books

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Secondary Manufactured Fibers for Consumer Use 54 Textile Connection: Rayon Fiber 55 Bamboo Rayon 56 Glass 56 Metallic 56 Modacrylic 57 Triacetate 57 Secondary Manufactured Fibers for Industrial Applications 58 Anidex 58 Aramid 58 Azlon 58 Lastrile 58 Melamine 58 Novoloid 59 Nytril 59 PBI 59 Rubber 59 Saran 59 Sulfar 60 Vinal 60 Vinyon 60 Other Generic Fiber Categories 60 Carbon Fibers 60 Fluorocarbon Fibers 60 Heterogeneous Fibers 60 Fiber Innovation 62 Table 3.6: Fiber Names in Other Languages 63 Table 3.7: International Abbreviations for Designating Fibers in Yarns 64 Study Questions 64 Natural and Manufactured Fibers: Fabric Science Swatch Kit Assignment 65 4 Yarns and Sewing Threads 67 Objectives 67 Key Terms Related to Textiles 67 Spun and Filament Yarns 68 Identifying Spun and Filament Yarns 69 Monofilament, Multifilament, and Microfilament Yarns 69 E X T E N D E D C O N T E N T S A ix F Comparison of Spun and Filament Yarn Properties 70 Uses of Spun and Filament Yarns 71 Yarn Twist 71 Twist Direction 71 Carded and Combed Cotton Yarns 72 Tow and Line Linen Yarns 72 Woolen and Worsted Yarns 72 Single and Ply Yarns 73 Yarn Spinning 74 Yarn Pilling 75 Blends and Mixtures 75 Special Types of Yarns 76 Textured Yarns 76 Stretch Yarns 78 Table 4.1: Comparison of Stretch Yarns 79 High-Bulk Yarns 79 Novelty Yarns 79 Chenille Yarns 80 Metallic Yarns 80 Yarn Numbering Systems 81 The Denier System 81 The Yarn Count System 81 The Tex System 82 Table 4.2: Yarn Number Conversions 83 Sewing Threads 83 Fibers Used for Threads 83 Types of Threads 84 Thread Finishes 84 Thread Sizes 84 Important Factors in Thread Selection 84 Important Thread Factors That Govern Seam Appearance 84 Table 4.3: Comparison of Sewing Thread Types 84 Table 4.4: Thread Finishes and Their Uses 85 Table 4.5: Sewing Applications by Thread Size 85 Textile Connection: Tassel 86 Study Questions 86 Yarns and Sewing Threads: Fabric Science Swatch Kit Assignment 86
5 Woven Fabrics 89 Objectives 89 Key Terms Related to Textiles 89 The Loom 90 Types of Looms 91 Loom Production 93 Fabric Features 93 The Selvage 93 Identifying Warp Yarns and Filling Yarns 94 Face and Back 95 Top and Bottom 95 Yarns Per Inch: A Measure of Fabric Quality 96 Determining the Weave of a Fabric 96 Weave Floats 97 Basic Fabric Weaves 97 Plain Weave 97 Table 5.1: Comparison of Basic Weave Properties 97 Twill Weave 99 Satin Weave 101 Which Weave Makes the Strongest Fabric? 102 Special Fabric Weaves 103 Leno Weave 103 Pile Weaves 103 Double Cloth and Variations 106 Woven Designs 106 Dobby Pattern 106 Jacquard Pattern 106 Clip-Spot Pattern 107 Color-and-Weave Effect 107 Technology Advancements 107 Factors Affecting the Cost of Woven Fabrics 108 New Developments 108 Classic Woven Fabrics 108 Textile Connection 110 Changing the Fabric 111 Table 5.2: Woven Fabrics by Common Characteristics 111 Glossary of Classic Woven Fabrics 112 E X T E N D E D C O N T E N T S A x F Study Questions 117 Woven Fabrics: Fabric Science Swatch Kit Assignment 117 6 Knitted Fabrics 119 Objectives 119 Key Terms Related to Textiles 119 The Knitting Industry 120 Textile Connection: Knitwear 121 General Knitting Fabric Terms 121 Wales 121 Courses 121 Face and Back 122 Machine Nomenclature 122 Circular and Flat Machines 122 Knitting Needles 123 Cut and Gauge 124 Types of Knitting Stitches 126 Knit Stitch 126 Purl Stitch 126 Miss Stitch 126 Tuck Stitch 126 Knit Fabric Classifications 127 Knit Fabric Names 128 Weft Knitting 128 Table 6.1: Comparison of Jersey, Rib, and Purl Fabrics 129 Seamless Knitting 135 Warp Knitting 135 Table 6.2: Comparison of Weft Knits and Warp Knits 135 Laid-in Yarn Fabrics 139 Narrow Knitted Fabrics 139 Important Differences Between Knitted and Woven Fabrics 140 The Effect of Fabric Construction (Wales and Courses per Inch) on Knitted Fabric Properties 141 Glossary of Defects in Knit Fabrics 141 Glossary of Classic Knit Fabrics 141 Study Questions 144 Knitted Fabrics: Fabric Science Swatch Kit Assignment 145
Page 2 and 3: j.j. pizzuto’s FABRIC SCIENCE ten
Page 4 and 5: Executive Editor: Olga T. Kontzias
Page 6 and 7: Preface xv Acknowledgments xvii 1 T
Page 10 and 11: 7 Other Types of Textiles 147 Objec
Page 12 and 13: Nonhazardous 224 Recycling 224 Work
Page 14 and 15: Fabric Performance Testing 316 Text
Page 17 and 18: air-jet bare elastic yarn blended y
Page 19 and 20: Identifying Spun and Filament Yarns
Page 21 and 22: Uses of Spun and Filament Yarns Som
Page 23 and 24: Fabrics made from worsted yarn are
Page 25 and 26: this system, one end of a fiber is
Page 27 and 28: textured yarn a b heater c d high p
Page 29 and 30: Table 4.1 Comparison oF sTreTCh Yar
Page 31 and 32: warp yarn Figure 4.14 Making chenil
Page 33 and 34: Table 4.2 Yarn number Conversions W
Page 35 and 36: Table 4.4 Thread Finishes and Their
Page 37: FABRIC SCIENCE / Swatch Kit Assignm
Page 40 and 41: Over 4,000 years ago, man created f
Page 42 and 43: yarn package yarn package yarn pack
Page 44 and 45: Figure 5.5 Various types of selvage
Page 46 and 47: the same appearance as when the fab
Page 48 and 49: More fabrics are made with plain we
Page 50 and 51: Most twills are either warp face or
Page 52 and 53: Figure 5.15 (a) Five-shaft warp-fac
Page 54 and 55: Figure 5.18 Filling-pile weave fabr
Page 56 and 57: Sometimes the pile loops are cut in
Page 58 and 59:
light-pattern changes to create a r
Page 60 and 61:
A product that can be considered as
Page 62 and 63:
Glossary of Classic Woven Fabrics A
Page 64 and 65:
Frieze: Heavy, thick, rough-surface
Page 66 and 67:
Taffeta: Medium-weight, plain-weave
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Woven Fabrics - Fairchild Books

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