Occupational Exposure to Carbon Nanotubes and Nanofibers

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Delivering on the Nation’s promise:safety and health at work for all peoplethrough research and preventionTo receive NIOSH documents or more information aboutoccupational safety and health topics, contact NIOSH:1–800–CDC–INFO (1–800–232–4636)TTY: 1–888–232–6348CDC lNFO: www.cdc.gov/nioshor visit the NIOSH Web site at www.cdc.gov/niosh.For a monthly update on news at NIOSH, subscribe toNIOSH eNews by visiting www.cdc.gov/niosh/eNews.DHHS (NIOSH) Publication No. 2013–145safer • healthier • people tmDEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICESCenters for Disease Control and PreventionNational Institute for Occupational Safety and Health4676 Columbia ParkwayCincinnati, Ohio 45226–1998Official BusinessPenalty for Private Use $300
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CURRENT INTELLIGENCE BULLETIN 65Occ
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Current Intelligence Bulletin 65Occ
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ForewordThe Occupational Safety and
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Executive SummaryOverviewCarbon nan
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2009; Pauluhn 2010a; Porter et al.
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neurogenic sig nals from sensory ir
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possible. Until the results from an
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••Follow exposure and hazard as
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Periodic Evaluations••Evaluatio
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ContentsForeword ..................
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A.3.2 Comparison of Short-term and
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ESPFeFMPSFPSSgGMGSDHCLHECHEPAhrISOI
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AcknowledgementsThis Current Intell
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1 IntroductionMany nanomaterial-bas
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2 Potential for ExposureThe novel a
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CNMs, with MWCNT agglomerates obser
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composite materials with local exha
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information on air contaminants. Sa
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3 Evidence for Potential Adverse He
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decreasing agglomerate size increas
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examined up to 60 days post-exposur
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3.3 SWCNT and MWCNTIntraperitoneal
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The same potency sequence was obser
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Table 3-3. Findings from published
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Table 3-7 (Continued). Findings fro
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length, respectively) [Muller et al
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5 CNT Risk Assessment and Recommend
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A-6). Risk estimates derived from o
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Table 5-4. Factors, assumptions, an
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and analytical methods. NIOSH is re
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Table 5-5. Recommended occupational
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deficits in animals or clinically s
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(3) Rat lung dose estimationIn the
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tasks where worker exposures exceed
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As part of the evaluation of worker
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Table 6-1. EC LODs and LOQs for 25-
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6.2 Engineering ControlsOne of the
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Table 6-6 (Continued). Examples of
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Table 6-7 (Continued). Engineering
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exposure estimates for SWCNT on ind
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Table 6-8. Respiratory protection f
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••Workers in areas or in jobs w
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7 Research NeedsAdditional data and
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ReferencesACGIH [1984]. Particle si
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Bolton RE, Vincent HJ, Jones AD, Ad
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eport issued on July 22, 2011. NEDO
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Kobayashi N, Naya M, Mizuno K, Yama
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Methner M, Hodson L, Geraci C [2010
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Human Services, Centers for Disease
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Piegorsch WW, Bailer AF [2005]. Qua
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AD, Baron PA [2003]. Exposure to ca
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Varga C, Szendi K [2010]. Carbon na
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ContentsA.1 Introduction ..........
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A.1 IntroductionThe increasing prod
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provide an informal check on the es
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these same dose groups; this effect
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Table A-1. Rodent study information
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the deposited (no clearance) and th
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The other BMDS models failed to con
Page 133 and 134: Figure A-2. Benchmark dose model (m
Page 135 and 136: Figure A-3 (continued). Benchmark d
Page 137 and 138: Table A-3. Benchmark dose estimates
Page 139 and 140: Table A-5. Benchmark dose estimates
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Page 143 and 144: Table A-8. Working lifetime percent
Page 145 and 146: developing early-stage adverse lung
Page 147 and 148: Figure A-4. Dose-response relations
Page 149 and 150: cell surface area). However, the wo
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Page 153 and 154: Table A-9. Comparison of rat or hum
Page 155 and 156: A.6.1.3 Pulmonary Ventilation RateT
Page 157 and 158: used as the effect levels in evalua
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Page 161 and 162: or overloading, of particle clearan
Page 163 and 164: Table A-13. Human-equivalent retain
Page 165 and 166: A.7.1 Particle CharacteristicsBoth
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Page 169: Table A-15. CNT lung dose normalize
Page 172 and 173: B.1 Key Terms Related toMedical Sur
Page 175 and 176: APPENDIX CNIOSH Method 5040
Page 177 and 178: filter. In the method evaluation, d
Page 179 and 180: Most of the studies on sampling art
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