Occupational Exposure to Carbon Nanotubes and Nanofibers

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On the cover: High-resolution electron microscope image of a single multi-walled carbonnanotube (MWCNT) penetrating out of the lung surface into the pleural space. Figure 7Dfrom Mercer et al. Particle and Fibre Toxicology 2010, 7:28Article can be found at: http://www.particleandfibretoxicology.com/content/7/1/28Image courtesy of Robert Mercer and Diane Schwegler-Berry, NIOSH.
Current Intelligence Bulletin 65Occupational Exposure toCarbon Nanotubes and Nanofibers
Page 1: CURRENT INTELLIGENCE BULLETIN 65Occ
Page 5 and 6: ForewordThe Occupational Safety and
Page 7 and 8: Executive SummaryOverviewCarbon nan
Page 9 and 10: 2009; Pauluhn 2010a; Porter et al.
Page 11 and 12: neurogenic sig nals from sensory ir
Page 13 and 14: possible. Until the results from an
Page 15 and 16: ••Follow exposure and hazard as
Page 17 and 18: Periodic Evaluations••Evaluatio
Page 19 and 20: ContentsForeword ..................
Page 21 and 22: A.3.2 Comparison of Short-term and
Page 23 and 24: ESPFeFMPSFPSSgGMGSDHCLHECHEPAhrISOI
Page 25 and 26: AcknowledgementsThis Current Intell
Page 27 and 28: 1 IntroductionMany nanomaterial-bas
Page 29: 2 Potential for ExposureThe novel a
Page 32 and 33: CNMs, with MWCNT agglomerates obser
Page 34 and 35: composite materials with local exha
Page 36 and 37: information on air contaminants. Sa
Page 39 and 40: 3 Evidence for Potential Adverse He
Page 41 and 42: decreasing agglomerate size increas
Page 43 and 44: examined up to 60 days post-exposur
Page 45 and 46: 3.3 SWCNT and MWCNTIntraperitoneal
Page 47 and 48: The same potency sequence was obser
Page 49 and 50: Table 3-3. Findings from published
Page 51 and 52: Table 3-5. Findings from published
Page 53 and 54:
Table 3-6. Findings from published
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Table 3-7 (Continued). Findings fro
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Table 3-8. Findings from published
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length, respectively) [Muller et al
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5 CNT Risk Assessment and Recommend
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A-6). Risk estimates derived from o
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Table 5-4. Factors, assumptions, an
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and analytical methods. NIOSH is re
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Table 5-5. Recommended occupational
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deficits in animals or clinically s
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(3) Rat lung dose estimationIn the
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tasks where worker exposures exceed
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As part of the evaluation of worker
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Table 6-1. EC LODs and LOQs for 25-
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6.2 Engineering ControlsOne of the
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Table 6-6 (Continued). Examples of
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Table 6-7 (Continued). Engineering
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exposure estimates for SWCNT on ind
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Table 6-8. Respiratory protection f
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••Workers in areas or in jobs w
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7 Research NeedsAdditional data and
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ReferencesACGIH [1984]. Particle si
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Bolton RE, Vincent HJ, Jones AD, Ad
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eport issued on July 22, 2011. NEDO
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Kobayashi N, Naya M, Mizuno K, Yama
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Methner M, Hodson L, Geraci C [2010
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Human Services, Centers for Disease
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Piegorsch WW, Bailer AF [2005]. Qua
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AD, Baron PA [2003]. Exposure to ca
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Varga C, Szendi K [2010]. Carbon na
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ContentsA.1 Introduction ..........
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A.1 IntroductionThe increasing prod
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provide an informal check on the es
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these same dose groups; this effect
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Table A-1. Rodent study information
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the deposited (no clearance) and th
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The other BMDS models failed to con
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Figure A-2. Benchmark dose model (m
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Figure A-3 (continued). Benchmark d
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Table A-3. Benchmark dose estimates
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Table A-5. Benchmark dose estimates
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histopathology grade 2 or higher lu
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Table A-8. Working lifetime percent
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developing early-stage adverse lung
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Figure A-4. Dose-response relations
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cell surface area). However, the wo
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purified or unpurified (with differ
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Table A-9. Comparison of rat or hum
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A.6.1.3 Pulmonary Ventilation RateT
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used as the effect levels in evalua
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the DF estimate, although a larger
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or overloading, of particle clearan
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Table A-13. Human-equivalent retain
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A.7.1 Particle CharacteristicsBoth
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and density. The following MMAD and
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Table A-15. CNT lung dose normalize
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B.1 Key Terms Related toMedical Sur
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APPENDIX CNIOSH Method 5040
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filter. In the method evaluation, d
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Most of the studies on sampling art
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e analyzed to determine the onset o
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Delivering on the Nation’s promis
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Occupational Exposure to Carbon Nanotubes and Nanofibers

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