The Economy of Catalonia

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20% 18% 18.8% 16% 16.2% 15.5% 13.6% 13.2% 11.2% 10.5% 10.2% 9.3% 8.8% 8.3% 8.3% 8.2% 8.0% 7.3% 14% 12% 10% 8% 6% 4% 2% 0% Source: EUROSTAT 2012, INE 2012. Norway Sweden Denmark Switzerland Finland Austria Ireland UE 28 Portugal Hungary Czech Republic Slovakia Spain Catalonia Bulgaria Figure 3. Public sector workers in the countries of the European Economic Region with a population between 4 and 10 million inhabitants (percentage of the total population for 2012) 40% 35% 30% 25% 34.9% 33.1% 31.2% 28.4% 26.2% 20% 15% 10% 5% 23.1% 22.6% 22.5% 21.3% 21.3% 21.0% 20.2% 17.7% 17.1% 16.3% 0% Source: EUROSTAT 2012, INE 2012. Norway Sweden Denmark Finland Ireland UE 28 Switzerland Austria Hungary Espain Portugal Slovakia Catalonia Czech Republic Bulgaria Figure 4. Public sector workers in the countries of the European Economic Region with a population between 4 and 10 million inhabitants (data from 2012 percentage of total number of workers) 120 The Economy of Catalonia
Next, there is the same data in figure 5 but for Spain. Catalonia is compared with the Spanish average and that of the other Autonomous Regions, As the recent economic crisis is affecting jobs in the private sector more than in the public sector, we decided to give the average of the last 8 years, between 2005 & 2012. Catalonia is in the last position for public employees, with a percentage of 14.3%, well below the Spanish average of 19.2%. 35% 31.9% 30% 25% 20% 15% 10% 5% 0% Extremadura 23.9% 23.6% 22.3% 22.1% 22.0% 21.2% 20.7% 20.4% 19.2% 18.8% 18.0% 17.6% 17.4% 17.4% 15.9% 15.6% 14.3% Source: Self-development from yearly INE-EPA 2005-2012. Cas. L Man. Cast. León Asturias Andalusia Galícia Aragón Cantabria Canary Islands Spain Madrid Murcia Basque Country Navarra Rioja Balearic Islands València Catalonia Figure 5. Percentage of public sector employees in the Autonomous Regions and Spain in relation to the total of employees (average of years 2005-2012) Finally, we compare the actual data of public workers in Spanish Public Administration. Figure 6 shows the percentage for Catalonia compared with the other Spanish Autonomous Regions and the Spanish average. We know this data 21 exactly, because it is published bi-annually by the Central Register of Personnel of the Ministry of Finance and Public Administration. 21. Note that data in figures 6 and 3 are different because the latter reflects the number of employees in the whole public sector, which includes Public Administration, Education, Healthcare, and Social Services, both public and private. Structures of state and their impact on labour 121
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The Economy of Catalonia Questions
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Oriol Amat, Núria Bosch, Antoni Ca
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Contents Preface to the English Edi
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Preface to the English edition This
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Preface (Translated by Jordi Vilano
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Introduction (Translated by Jordi V
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1 The position of an independent Ca
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United States such as Massachusetts
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2010, Catalonia was in 64th place o
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fact, this combination of factors a
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ilar population to Catalonia and sh
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ence in emerging markets, especiall
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fact, the high proportion of multin
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egion in volume of inward investmen
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mega-regions towards sustainability
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also be confronted with the paradox
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the reasons that are emerging for a
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This 47.1% signifies a considerable
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2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 Estim
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and there would be no need for cuts
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centage of freight between Spain an
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to prevent Spain’s point-blank re
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) The effects on markets, especiall
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speak of the coefficient of central
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Bibliographical references Amat, O.
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Rodríguez Mora, J. V. (2012) «Por
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For the purposes of economic analys
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It should also be recalled that the
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The reasons for regional economic i
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their mind» about European integra
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the Copenhagen criteria, which esta
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in the European Economic Area, whic
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ing the status of member of the Uni
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Page 75 and 76: In November 2012, Granell expressed
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Page 85 and 86: 4 In or out of the euro 4.1. An ind
Page 87 and 88: Analysis of possible scenarios Scen
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Page 91 and 92: nisms and the European interbank pa
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Page 95 and 96: 4.2. In or out ofthe euro: certaint
Page 97 and 98: prevent or limit damage to the mult
Page 99 and 100: Let me make a short comment on the
Page 101 and 102: context of a Spain that leaves the
Page 103: Col·lectiu Wilson (2012) «Europe,
Page 106 and 107: termediation, which is performed by
Page 108 and 109: The Catalan financial system The Ca
Page 110 and 111: Financial institutions with headqua
Page 112 and 113: • The bank was put up for auction
Page 114 and 115: had risen by 16.3%, staff had been
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Page 118 and 119: Appendix This article is complement
Page 120 and 121: The Catalan Public Sector in the Eu
Page 124 and 125: 9% 8% 7.9% 7% 6.5% 6.4% 6.2% 5.8% 5
Page 126 and 127: It is very obvious that Madrid has
Page 128 and 129: Spain Catalonia Generalitat Variati
Page 130 and 131: - Armed Forces: in the form of army
Page 132 and 133: Pérez, F. (DIR), Cucarella, V. and
Page 134 and 135: and to the private sector. Another
Page 136 and 137: 2006 2007 2008 2009 Direct taxes 17
Page 138 and 139: method, that is to say, the expense
Page 140 and 141: itory. The same applies to the prog
Page 142 and 143: 2006 2007 2008 2009 Spanish State e
Page 144 and 145: e obtained. Table 3 shows that the
Page 146 and 147: with the EU in the period 2007-2013
Page 149 and 150: 8 Debt and distribution of assets 2
Page 151 and 152: this study. The difference between
Page 153 and 154: the State’s property and debts on
Page 155 and 156: It may be asked whether the new Cat
Page 157 and 158: The main source of International La
Page 159 and 160: Principles of distribution of asset
Page 161 and 162: Immovable property of the State con
Page 163 and 164: Social Security Reserve Fund On con
Page 165 and 166: Investments according to Additional
Page 167 and 168: Forecasts Million euros 2007 2008 2
Page 169 and 170: Possible negotiation scenarios What
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States that form part of 21st-centu
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Spanish Royal Decree 496/1987, of 1
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Social Security contributions, pens
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ury and its managing agencies (auto
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citizens tend to join the labour ma
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in the economic, social and cultura
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declaration of independence, the bo
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oycott would have a more pronounced
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the will of the people. The great m
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Guinjoan, M. and Cuadras, X. (2011)
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Denmark, Finland, Austria, the Neth
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2012 Company Sector Sales (€m) 1
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Export companies There were 43,176
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Spain, and appreciably more than th
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Conclusions After considering how c
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likely to be in the firing line are
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IDESCAT (2013), based on data from
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the sample represents 20.8% of its
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No opinion Increase the centralisat
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sioners, business people and/or the
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Impact on the Catalan economy In th
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alternative. This is not supported
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More specifically, 94.6% of pension
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37.8% 57.8% 4.4% Yes No opinion No
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fessionally and 47.8% believe it wo
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13 Conclusions: economic certaintie
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having less potential and less per
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Catalonia had been an independent S
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ands and a declining proportion of
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Anton Gasol. Doctor of Economics, f
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The Economy of Catalonia

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