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LIGHT, CHARGES AND BRAINS - Motion Mountain

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ibliography 369<br />

86 The beautiful RGB Color Atlas from 2011 by Tauba Auerbach is presented on her astonishing<br />

website at taubaauerbach.com/view.php?id=286&alt=698.The books were produced<br />

together with Daniel E. Kelm. In fact, they produced three such books, with spines in different<br />

directions, as shown on the website. Cited on page 125.<br />

87 This famous discovery is by Brent Berlin & Paul Kay, Basic Color Terms: Their UniversalityandEvolution,<br />

University of California Press, 1969.The status of their decades-long<br />

worldcoloursurvey is summarized on www1.icsi.berkeley.edu/wcs. Of course there are also<br />

ongoing studies to find possible exceptions; but the basic structure is solid, as shown in<br />

theconferenceproceedingsC.L. Hardin&Luisa Maffi,ColourCategoriesinThought<br />

andLanguage, Cambridge UniversityPress,1997. Cited onpage126.<br />

88 For a thorough discussionof the various velocities connected to wave trains, see the classic<br />

text by Louis Brillouin, Wave Propagation and Group Velocity, Academic Press,<br />

New York, 1960. It expands in detail the theme discussed by Arnold Sommerfeld,<br />

Über die Fortpflanzung des Lichtes in dispergierenden Medien, Annalen der Physik,<br />

4th series, 44, pp. 177–202, 1914. See also Arnold Sommerfeld, Optik, Dietrichssche<br />

Verlagsbuchandlung, Wiesbaden 1950, section 22. An English translation<br />

Arnold Sommerfeld, Lectures on Theoretical Physics: Optics, 1954, is also available.<br />

Cited onpages 130and131.<br />

89 Changing the group velocity in fibres is now even possible on demand, as shown by<br />

M. González-Herráez,K.-Y. Song&L. Thévenaz,Opticallycontrolledslowand<br />

fast light in optical fibers using stimulated Brillouin scattering, Applied Physics Letters 87,<br />

p.081113,2005. They demonstrategroup velocities from0.24c toplus infinityandbeyond,<br />

tonegativevalues.<br />

Anotherexperiment wascarried out byS. Chu & S. Wong, Linear pulse propagation<br />

in an absorbing medium, Physical Review Letters 48, pp. 738–741, 1982. See also S. Chu<br />

& D. Styer, Answer to question #52. Group velocity and energy propagation, American<br />

Journal of Physics 66, pp. 659–661, 1998. Another example was described in 1993 by<br />

the group of Raymond Chiao for the case of certain nonlinear materials in R. Chiao,<br />

P.G. Kwait & A.M. Steinberg, Faster thanlight?,ScientificAmerican 269,p.52,August<br />

1993, and R.Y. Chiao, A.E. Kozhekin & G. Kurizki, Tachyonlike excitations<br />

in inverted two-level media, Physical Review Letters 77, pp. 1254–1257, 1996. On still another<br />

experimental set-up using anomalous dispersion in caesium gas, see L.J. Wang,<br />

A. Kuzmich & A. Dogarin, Gain-assisted superluminal light propagation, Nature406,<br />

pp.277–279,20July 2000. Cited onpage130.<br />

90 G. Nimtz, A. Enders & H. Spieker, Journal de Physique I (Paris) 4, p. 565, 1994.<br />

Unfortunately, Nimtz himself seems to believe that he transported energy or signals<br />

faster than light; he is aided by the often badly prepared critics of his quite sophisticated<br />

experiments. See A. Enders & G. Nimtz, Physikalische Blätter 49, p. 1119, Dezember<br />

1993, and the weak replies in Physikalische Blätter 50, p. 313, April 1994. See also<br />

A.M. Steinberg, Journal de Physique I (Paris) 4, p. 1813, 1994, A.M. Steinberg,<br />

P.G. Kwiat & R.Y. Chiao, Physical Review Letters 71, pp. 708–711, 1993, and<br />

A. Ranfagni, P. Fabeni, G.P. Pazzi & D. Mugnai, Physical Review E 48, p. 1453,<br />

1993. Cited onpage132.<br />

91 Y.P. Terletskii,ParadoxesintheTheoryofRelativity,PlenumPress,1968.Citedonpage<br />

131.<br />

92 SeetheexcellentexplanationbyKirk T. McDonald, Negativegroupvelocity,American<br />

JournalofPhysics69,pp.607–614,2001. Cited onpage131.<br />

93 AsummaryofallevidenceaboutthemotionoftheaetherisgivenbyR.S. Shankland,<br />

Motion Mountain – The Adventure of Physics copyright © Christoph Schiller June 1990–November 2015 free pdf file available at www.motionmountain.net

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