MOTION MOUNTAIN

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58 1 electricity and fields Challenge 44 e Challenge 45 s F I G U R E 25 Top: how to see the information stored in the magnetic stripe on a credit card without any electronics, just using a lens, a polarizer and a magneto-optic layer; bottom: how to see the information on a hard disk in the same way, by adding a simple coated glass plate to a polarizing microscope (© Matesy). sees it for the first time. Where does the momentum of the final ball come from? ∗∗ Objects that are not right–left symmetric are called chiral, from the Greek word for ‘hand’. Can you make a mirror that does not switch chirality (i.e., does not ‘switch left and right’)? In two different ways? ∗∗ An adhesive tape roll is a dangerous device. Pulling the roll quickly leads to light emission (through triboluminescence) and to small sparks. It is suspected that several explosions Motion Mountain – The Adventure of Physics copyright © Christoph Schiller June 1990–November 2015 free pdf file available at www.motionmountain.net
liquid electricity, invisible fields and maximum speed 59 F I G U R E 26 A Gauss rifle, made with a few steel balls and four magnets attached to a ruler with scotch tape (© Simon Quellen Field). Challenge 46 s Challenge 47 e Ref. 30 in mines were triggered when such a spark ignited a combustible gas mixture. ∗∗ Take an envelope, wet it and seal it. After letting it dry for a day or more, open it in the dark. At the place where the two sides of paper are being separated from each other, the envelope glows with a blue colour. Why? Is it possible to speed up the test using a hair dryer? ∗∗ A charge in an electric field feels a force. In other words, electric field produce a potentialenergy for charges. Since energy is conserved, electric potential energy can be transformedintokineticenergyorinthermalenergy.Whatdothesepossibilitiesallowdoing? Whatdotheyprevent from doing? ∗∗ Electromagnetism is full of surprises and offers many effects that can be reproduced at home. The internet is full of descriptions of how to construct Tesla coils to produce sparks, coil guns or rail guns to shoot objects, electrostatic machines to make your hair stand on end and much more. If you like experiments, just search for these terms. Some people earn their living by showing high voltage effects on stage, such as long discharges from their fingers or hair. A well-knownexampleisRobertKrampf,alsocalled‘Mr.Electricity’, at thehappyscientist.com.Donotemulate theseperformers;it israrelytoldthat several of them have suffered dangerous accidents while doing so. ∗∗ The moving discharges seen in so many displays, called plasma globes, are produced in a glass bowl filled with helium, neon or another inert gas at low pressure, typically 0.1 to 10 kPa, an applied voltage of 5 to10 kV and usually a frequency of 30 to40 kHz. At these conditions, the ion temperature of the discharges is room temperature, so that there is no danger; the electron temperature, which cannot be felt, is around20000 K. Approaching Motion Mountain – The Adventure of Physics copyright © Christoph Schiller June 1990–November 2015 free pdf file available at www.motionmountain.net
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ChristophSchiller MOTION MOUNTAIN t
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Editiovicesima octava. Proprietassc
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DieMenschenstärken,die Sachenklär
Page 8 and 9: 8 preface PHYSICS: Describing motio
Page 10 and 11: 10 preface Your donation to the cha
Page 12 and 13: 12 contents Do we see what exists?
Page 14 and 15: Light, Charges and Brains Inourques
Page 16 and 17: 16 1 electricity and fields F I G U
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108 3 what is light? Challenge 110
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110 3 what is light? incoming light
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112 3 what is light? Ref. 70 Challe
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114 3 what is light? F I G U R E 69
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116 3 what is light? light Ref. 72
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118 3 what is light? light Challeng
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120 3 what is light? momentumLis gi
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130 3 what is light? v ph v So F I
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132 3 what is light? The forerunner
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134 3 what is light? vocabulary. On
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136 3 what is light? source beam sp
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138 3 what is light? B B Beam in A
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Chapter 4 IMAGES AND THE EYE - OPTI
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Chapter 5 ELECTROMAGNETIC EFFECTS R
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236 7 the story of the brain F I G
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238 7 the story of the brain Vol. V
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240 7 the story of the brain TA B L
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242 7 the story of the brain consci
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244 7 the story of the brain Ref. 2
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246 7 the story of the brain F I G
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248 7 the story of the brain Vol. I
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254 7 the story of the brain ∗∗
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Chapter 8 THOUGHT AND LANGUAGE Ref.
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260 8 thought and language Vol. VI,
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262 8 thought and language F I G U
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268 8 thought and language Vol. IV,
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Chapter 10 CLASSICAL PHYSICS IN A N
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328 a units, measurements and const
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342 challenge hints and solutions n
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362 bibliography 10 Thiseffect hasf
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364 bibliography 37 A discussionof
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366 bibliography M.B. van der Mark
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368 bibliography Vol. I, page 96 19
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370 bibliography S.W. McCuskey, F.C
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372 bibliography 119 A complete lis
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374 bibliography F I G U R E 178 Th
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376 bibliography in unserer Zeit33,
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378 bibliography private communicat
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380 bibliography success of structu
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382 bibliography Vol. IV, page 135
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384 bibliography and 304. 260 For a
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386 bibliography Springer, 1996. wh
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CREDITS Acknowledgements Many peopl
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390 credits tute of Molecular Patho
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NAME INDEX A Abbott A Abbott,T.A.37
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396 name index D Democritus Democri
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398 name index H Holmes Holmes, C.D
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400 name index M Mohr Mohr, P.J. 38
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402 name index S Sheldon Sheldon, E
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404 name index Z Zybin Motion Mount
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406 subject index A units 328 Aplys
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408 subject index C classical class
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410 subject index E Earth Earth age
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412 subject index F finite finite 2
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414 subject index I infrared photog
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422 subject index S Scarabeus Scara
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424 subject index T table d’Unit
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426 subject index W Wien’s Wien
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