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FIJI Post-Disaster Needs Assessment Summary of Social Impact TC Winston affected approximately 540,400 people, or approximately 62 percent of <strong>Fiji</strong>’s total population (estimated to be 865,611 at the end of 2014), 8 resulting in estimated losses of 14,450,129 work days and F$351.45 million in personal income. The largest proportion of the affected population was in the Western Division, followed by the Central, Northern and Eastern Divisions. An estimated 263,000 women may have been affected by the disaster. 9 Table 4: Population Affected by TC Winston Division Deaths Missing Hospitalised Injured Number of people affected due to loss of livelihood of main bread winner Number of people displaced Total number of people affected Central 6 2 24 162,698 5245 167,975 Eastern 22 1 3 59 30,222 7595 37,902 Northern 3 5 10 93,488 10210 103,716 Western 13 17 24 198,622 32145 230,821 Total 44 1 27 117 485,030 55,195 540,414 Source: Estimates based on Government of <strong>Fiji</strong> data. The affected population is comprised of: (i) those who lost their lives, were injured or fell ill as a result of the cyclone (which together accounted for approximately 0.03 percent of the total affected population); (ii) those who were displaced, including those whose homes were totally destroyed (which accounted for approximately 10 percent of the total affected population); and (iii) those whose livelihoods were affected (which accounted for almost 90 percent of the total affected population). In terms of livelihoods affected, 57 percent relate to the agricultural sector, 17 percent to commerce, 10 percent to manufacturing, and 8 percent to tourism and transportation equally. Overall, the government’s social protection measures in response to TC Winston have translated into a financial contribution of F$344.7 million. In terms of impact on the population, the disaster may result in increasing subsistence economic activity, widening income inequality, deepening poverty, new challenges to social protection measures in light of increasing demand for support, and reduced entrepreneurial confidence among small and medium-sized enterprises required for job creation and entrepreneurship. Summary of Recovery and Reconstruction Needs Based on damage, losses and identified needs, and in order to promote social, economic, cultural and environmental wellbeing over the next two years, key recovery and reconstruction activities can be classified around the following themes: Production Recovery, which includes recovery of production levels in the productive sectors of agriculture (crops, fishery and livestock), commerce and manufacturing, mining and tourism. Service Supply and Access Recovery, focused on recovery of supply and access to basic services of education, health, housing, transport, communications, water supply and sanitation, and electricity. Personal and Household Income Recovery, with a focus on improving the livelihoods of those affected (i.e., through cash for work schemes, or training to facilitate the ability to generate diversified household income), particularly those who have lost income, and are vulnerable and below the poverty level. Reconstruction, or recovery of physical assets including infrastructure and buildings, in adherence to the principles of building back better. 8 Population and Labour Force Estimates 2014. 9 Population and Labour Force Estimates 2014 reported that women comprise 48.8 percent of the population. 16 Tropical Cyclone Winston, February 20, 2016
FIJI Post-Disaster Needs Assessment Table 5 summarizes the estimated financial requirements to achieve overall recovery, reconstruction and resilience in affected sectors. Total costs are estimated at F$1.96 billion (US$0.9 billion). Of this amount, F$0.22 billion (US$0.1 billion) will focus on recovery needs, F$1.71 billion (US$0.8 billion) will focus on reconstruction and F$31 million (US$14 million) will focus on resilience activities. Table 5: Recovery and Reconstruction Needs by Sector (F$ million) Recovery Reconstruction Resilience Total Productive Sectors 94.1 173.6 267.7 Agriculture 65.3 96.1 161.4 Commerce and Manufacturing 17.8 43.5 61.3 Tourism 5.0 29.0 34.0 Mining 6.0 5.0 11.0 Social Sectors 12.4 1,261.7 1,274.1 Education 385.9 385.9 Health 12.1 18.8 30.9 Housing 0.3 857.0 857.3 Infrastructure Sectors 15.3 250.7 18.8 284.8 Transport 3.2 174.7 177.9 Water and Sanitation 3.6 20.7 24.3 Electricity 2.1 25.9 5.8 33.8 Communications 6.4 29.4 13.0 48.8 Cross-Cutting Issues 63.0 27.4 12.0 99.7 Environment 60.8 13.1 73.9 Gender 1.6 0.4 2.0 Culture and Heritage 0.6 8.5 9.1 Disaster Risk Management 2.7 12.0 14.7 ELSP 31.5 31.5 Total 216.3 1,713.4 30.8 1,957.8 Source: Estimations by Assessment Team. Way Forward Recovery needs identified during the Post-Disaster Needs Assessment process are driven by the sectoral needs analyses, but do not necessarily link to the availability or form of recovery funding. Given the extent of identified needs and the limited resources, the first step is to prioritize the sectors for recovery and reconstruction, based on the available financial envelope and a number of strategic considerations. A criteria-based prioritization of recovery needs across competing sectors will be undertaken, the principles of which may include the following: The recovery programme will be implemented under the government’s leadership, in close and collaborative partnership with international donors, the private sector, civil society and the community as a whole. It will be guided by a detailed Disaster Recovery Framework that will provide guidance for the coordinated recovery and reconstruction efforts. Tropical Cyclone Winston, February 20, 2016 17
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Damage to Ovalau Resort Source: Min
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